X-ray spectral diagnostics for satellite lines of H-like Mg ions measured by a high resolution spectrometer

X-ray spectra of H-like Mg ions produced in a laser plasma have been measured by space-resolved high-resolution spectroscopy. We identified satellite lines near Ly[alpha] lines, 2lnl′ ? 1snl′ + h[nu] for n = 2, 3, and 4. We construct a collisional radiative model including the doubly excited states for the intensity ratios of satellite lines. We use atomic data calculated by different methods for satellite lines and compare the results. We derive the electron temperature and density of the laser-produced plasma by a new technique using intensity ratios of only satellite lines. This technique is useful because the Ly[alpha] lines are often affected by opacity

ホイク ゲンバ ニオケル カウンセリング マインド オ イカシタ ヨウイクシャ シエン

Fosterers who lacked mental stability at the stressful condition increase in the Child care fields. In this paper，it was aimed that discussed relationship between child care and clinical psychology. To this end，the questionnaire was examined to childminders. The contents of the questionnaire were how to understand this condition， how to support to the fosterers， how to support to themselves. The result of this research was showed that fosterers who can not cope with ordinary supports increased but did not take measures to deal with this situation. Another result was showed that childminders demanded supports of experts in medical and clinical psychology. It was discussed about the role of counselor with childminders，re lationship at child care fields， based on these results

Carbon monoxide: impact on remethylation/transsulfuration metabolism and its pathophysiologic implications

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a gaseous product generated by heme oxygenase (HO), which oxidatively degrades heme. While the stress-inducible HO-1 has well been recognized as an anti-oxidative defense mechanism under stress conditions, recent studies suggest that cancer cells utilize the reaction for their survival. HO-2, the constitutive isozyme, also plays protective roles as a tonic regulator for neurovascular function. Although protective roles of the enzyme reaction and CO have extensively been studied, little information is available on the molecular mechanisms by which the gas exerts its biological actions. Recent studies using metabolomics revealed that CO inhibits cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), which generates H2S, another gaseous mediator. The CO-dependent CBS inhibition may impact on the remethylation cycle and related metabolic pathways including the methionine salvage pathway and polyamine synthesis. This review focuses on the gas-responsive regulation of metabolic systems, particularly the remethylation and transsulfuration pathways, and their putative implications for cancer and ischemic diseases

How To Write Letters in the Buddhist community : the Text of Wushan Lianruo Xinxue Beiyong with a translation ; critical and exegetical notes

The letter was the best medium for exchanging information and also helped establish mutual relationships. Epistolary writing was also an effective communication skill for monks to learn. Wushan Lianruo Xinxue Beiyong （五杉練若新學備用）, edited by Yingzhi during the Southern Tang Dynasty, comprises three volumes in total, the second of which includes both letters and explanatory notes （論書題高下）, to shed light on the expressions used to show the writer\u27s respect for the receiver in the Buddhist community. This paper includes Japanese translations of the text as well as linguistic or philological analysis

雌ラットにおいて生殖腺の状態とエストロゲン環境が視床下部オキシトシン遺伝子発現および血清オキシトシンレベルに及ぼす影響

Oxytocin (OT) and its receptor (OTR) play various roles in the central and peripheral regulation of appetite and body weight. Previously, we have shown that the administration of OT markedly decreased appetite and body weight gain in ovariectomized (OVX) obese rats. In addition, recent studies have shown that the endogenous OT system is also affected by endogenous or exogenous estrogen. In this study, we showed that ovariectomy decreased rats' hypothalamic OT/OTR mRNA and serum OT levels, but did not affect their visceral fat OTR mRNA levels. The chronic administration of estradiol (E2) abrogated these ovariectomy-induced changes; i.e., it increased the rats' hypothalamic OT/OTR mRNA and serum OT levels, and may be associated with reductions in food intake and body weight gain. In addition, acute E2 administration increased the rats' hypothalamic OTR mRNA and serum OT levels, but did not affect their hypothalamic OT mRNA levels. Taken together, these results suggest that endogenous OT and/or OTR expression might be positively regulated by E2 and that the suppressive effects of E2 on appetite and body weight gain might be mediated, at least in part, by the OT system. Thus, we consider that OT might be a target hormone to pursue subsequent interventions of menopause for menopause-induced metabolic disorders

Leptin and high glucose stimulate cell proliferation in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells: reciprocal involvement of PKC-α and PPAR expression

AbstractGlucose concentration may be an important factor in breast cancer cell proliferation, and the prevalence of breast cancer is high in diabetic patients. Leptin may also be an important factor since plasma levels of leptin correlated with TNM staging for breast cancer patients. The effects of glucose and leptin on breast cancer cell proliferation were evaluated by examining cell doubling time, DNA synthesis, levels of cell cycle related proteins, protein kinase C (PKC) isozyme expression, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) subtypes were determined following glucose exposure at normal (5.5 mM) and high (25 mM) concentrations with/without leptin in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. In MCF-7 cells, leptin and high glucose stimulated cell proliferation as demonstrated by the increases in DNA synthesis and expression of cdk2 and cyclin D1. PKC-α, PPARγ, and PPARα protein levels were up-regulated following leptin and high glucose treatment in drug-sensitive MCF-7 cells. However, there was no significant effect of leptin and high glucose on cell proliferation, DNA synthesis, levels of cell cycle proteins, PKC isozymes, or PPAR subtypes in multidrug-resistant human breast cancer NCI/ADR-RES cells. These results suggested that hyperglycemia and hyperleptinemia increase breast cancer cell proliferation through accelerated cell cycle progression with up-regulation of cdk2 and cyclin D1 levels. This suggests the involvement of PKC-α, PPARα, and PPARγ

Corynebacterium ulcerans 0102 carries the gene encoding diphtheria toxin on a prophage different from the C. diphtheriae NCTC 13129 prophage

BACKGROUND: Corynebacterium ulcerans can cause a diphtheria-like illness, especially when the bacterium is lysogenized with a tox gene-carrying bacteriophage that produces diphtheria toxin. Acquisition of toxigenicity upon phage lysogenization is a common feature of C. ulcerans and C. diphtheriae. However, because of a lack of C. ulcerans genome information, a detailed comparison of prophages has not been possible between these two clinically important and closely related bacterial species. RESULTS: We determined the whole genome sequence of the toxigenic C. ulcerans 0102 isolated in Japan. The genomic sequence showed a striking similarity with that of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and, to a lesser extent, with that of C. diphtheriae. The 0102 genome contained three distinct prophages. One of these, ΦCULC0102-I, was a tox-positive prophage containing genes in the same structural order as for tox-positive C. diphtheriae prophages. However, the primary structures of the individual genes involved in the phage machinery showed little homology between the two counterparts. CONCLUSION: Taken together, these results suggest that the tox-positive prophage in this strain of C. ulcerans has a distinct origin from that of C. diphtheriae NCTC 13129

Pregnancy outcomes of women who received conservative therapy for endometrial carcinoma or atypical endometrial hyperplasia

Case: Approximately 3%‐25% of cases of endometrial carcinoma (EC) or atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AH) occur in women aged <40 years and conservative treatment with high‐dose medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) is administered to women who wish to preserve their fertility. Here is reported the pregnancy outcomes of patients with EC or AH who received MPA therapy at Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan. The frequency of pregnancy and live births among the patients with EC or AH who received conservative treatment, followed by fertility treatment, were analyzed retrospectively. Outcome: Twelve patients underwent fertility examinations and received fertility treatment immediately after the completion of conservative treatment for EC or AH. One patient had the complication of severe diabetes and total embryo cryopreservation was performed before her diabetes was treated. Among the other 11 patients, 8 (72.7%) became pregnant at least once and 6 (54.5%) experienced at least 1 live birth. Three patients (25.0%) suffered disease recurrence during or after the infertility treatment and all of the recurrences occurred in the EC cohort. Conclusion: When patients with EC or AH wish to preserve their fertility, it is recommended that prompt and effective fertility treatment, including assisted reproductive technology, should be initiated just after conservative treatment because EC and AH exhibit relatively high recurrence rates among conservatively treated patients

Cellular senescence and wound healing in aged and diabetic skin

Cellular senescence is a biological mechanism that prevents abnormal cell proliferation during tissue repair, and it is often accompanied by the secretion of various factors, such as cytokines and chemokines, known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). SASP-mediated cell-to-cell communication promotes tissue repair, regeneration, and development. However, senescent cells can accumulate abnormally at injury sites, leading to excessive inflammation, tissue dysfunction, and intractable wounds. The effects of cellular senescence on skin wound healing can be both beneficial and detrimental, depending on the condition. Here, we reviewed the functional differences in cellular senescence that emerge during wound healing, chronic inflammation, and skin aging. We also review the latest mechanisms of wound healing in the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous fat, with a focus on cellular senescence, chronic inflammation, and tissue regeneration. Finally, we discuss the potential clinical applications of promoting and inhibiting cellular senescence to maximize benefits and minimize detrimental effects