Ettingshausen and Nernst effects in mixed state of YBa_2Cu_3O_<7-δ>(High Field Superconductors)

The dissipative behaviors under the Lorentz force and the thermal force are investigated for the same sample of QMG-YBa_2Cu_3O_ by measuring the Ettingshausen and the Nernst effects, respectively, and compared with each other. The value of S_φ(T) obtained from the Nernst effect is found to be smaller than that obtained from the Ettingshausen effect, which suggests that the viscosity is not the same for the vortex motions under the Lorentz force and the thermal force. The QMG-YBa_2Cu_3O_ always includes precipitates of Y_2BaCuO_5 phase which are finely dispersed by an addition of Pt. In order to investigate the effect of Y_2BaCuO_5 phase on the vortex motion, the Ettingshausen effect is also measured for the sample with 0.5 mass% Pt addition. The anisotropy of the dissipation under the thermal force is investigated by measuring the Nernst effect for the configurations; (1) H//c, (dT/dx)//ab, (2) H//ab, (dT/dr)//ab and (3) H//ab, (dT/dr)//c. For these vortex motions, viscosities are found to be in the ratio 30 : 1 : 100. The velocity of vortices is estimated from the Nernst field. Furthermore, using S_φ(T) the magnitude of viscosity is estimated to be 0.5-3×10^ N s/m^2 in the temperature range from 90 to 75 K and the magnetic field of 13 T parallel to the c-axis

Medication-taking behavior in CI patients

Purpose : The aim of this study was to clarify the changes in medication-taking behavior and related factors over time in patients with initial mild cerebral infarction up to 12 months after onset. Methods : Thirtyone patients with initial mild cerebral infarction were surveyed a total of four times : on admission to hospital, 3 months after onset, 6 months after onset, and 12 months after onset. Patients were surveyed regarding medication compliance, awareness of taking medication, perceived behavioral control, lifestyle risk factors, and subjective norms. Results :Medication compliance improved over time from the time of admission, but no changes were seen in awareness of taking medication. A cluster analysis based on changes in medication compliance over time revealed a “Persistently high compliance group” and a “Persistently low compliance group” for medication compliance. The health locus of control in the “Persistently high compliance group” was perceived as the result of chance and fate. Conclusions : Assessing the current state of medication compliance and the health locus of control during hospitalization permitted an understanding of patient characteristics, and indicated a need for recurrence prevention education and medication guidance tailored to each patient’s cognitive and behavioral characteristics

A human case of Thelazia callipaeda infection in a 3-year old children in Fukuyama City, Hiroshima Prefecture

東洋眼虫の人体寄生例は関東以西で、おもに九州から報告されてきた。中国地方におけるこの寄生虫の人体症例は下田ら(1))が第1例を、Miura et al. (2))が第2例をいずれも岡山県から報告しているだけである。今回福山市で初めて人体症例に遭遇したので報告する。A case of eye infection of Thelazia callipaeda was observed in a 3-year old children in Fukuyama City, Hiroshima Prefecture in 1995. He had a pain or feeling like a foreign object in his right eye. A total of 2 adults Thelazia callipaeda (male and female) was recovered from theconjunctival sac by an oculist. The symptoms were went out after the removal of the worms

Strategies for the Construction of Cohesion in English through the Use of Conjunctions

The purpose of this paper is to consider methods of instruction in the proper use of conjunctions by Japanese learners of English by using corpus of English writing by Japanese university students and focusing on the role of conjunctions, which are considered to fulfill an important role in increasing cohesion. Three conjunctions were chosen for the analysis, and the Japanese, Chinese, Russian, Bulgarian and Turkish sub-corpora taken from the second version of the International Corpus of Learner English (ICLEv2) as well as a native speaker corpus LOCNESS-US were examined for the purpose of comparison. The analysis found that there is a statistically significant difference between native speakers of English and non-native learners of English regarding the use of above conjunctions as well as the sentence position in which they are used. The findings in this study has led us to the conclusion that, no matter what the mother tongue background of the English learner is, strategies are needed to increase cohesion of the text and correct use of conjunctions plays an important part in order to write texts that are logical and read like natural English

Effective Methods of Teaching "Verb+Noun" Collocations: Japanese EFL learner subcorpus-based analyses

In the present study I investigate the use of lexical collocations in Japanese EFL learners\u27 written English, with a special focus on the verb "take." I compare differences in the use of "take" in academic essays written by Japanese university students and by American university students, using the ICLE Japanese subcorpus as a learner corpus and LOCNESS as a reference corpus. I examined lexical collocations of "take" in terms of frequency, variety, overuse, and underuse. The results revealed that although the total frequency of "take" with noun combinations was higher in the Japanese EFL learner data, learners tended to overuse fixed expressions and did not use native-like collocations. The overall results suggest the need to expand collocational knowledge on the part of Japanese EFL learners, which may prove to be beneficial in producing more natural sentences. To achieve the above goal, I propose three suggestions in this paper. The first is that the process by which Japanese EFL students learn collocations needs to be clarified. The second is that collocational data retrieved from corpora should be put to use in classroom English texts. Lastly, there should be a greater awareness of the importance of teaching collocations to Japanese learners of English

Evolution of the public opinion on COVID-19 vaccination in Japan

Vaccines are promising tools to control the spread of COVID-19. An effective vaccination campaign requires government policies and community engagement, sharing experiences for social support, and voicing concerns to vaccine safety and efficiency. The increasing use of online social platforms allows us to trace large-scale communication and infer public opinion in real-time. We collected more than 100 million vaccine-related tweets posted by 8 million users and used the Latent Dirichlet Allocation model to perform automated topic modeling of tweet texts during the vaccination campaign in Japan. We identified 15 topics grouped into 4 themes on Personal issue, Breaking news, Politics, and Conspiracy and humour. The evolution of the popularity of themes revealed a shift in public opinion, initially sharing the attention over personal issues (individual aspect), collecting information from the news (knowledge acquisition), and government criticisms, towards personal experiences once confidence in the vaccination campaign was established. An interrupted time series regression analysis showed that the Tokyo Olympic Games affected public opinion more than other critical events but not the course of the vaccination. Public opinion on politics was significantly affected by various events, positively shifting the attention in the early stages of the vaccination campaign and negatively later. Tweets about personal issues were mostly retweeted when the vaccination reached the younger population. The associations between the vaccination campaign stages and tweet themes suggest that the public engagement in the social platform contributed to speedup vaccine uptake by reducing anxiety via social learning and support