Case Report: Retropancreatic fascia hernia protruding into the thoracic cavity through a Bochdalek hernia

Retropancreatic fascia hernia is a novel internal hernia originating from the retropancreatic fascial defect, which subsequently expands toward the dorsal aspect of the pancreatic body and migrates into the retroperitoneal space. We encountered a rare case of concomitant retropancreatic fascia and Bochdalek hernias. Here, we describe the imaging characteristics of this hernia type and its surgical strategies

Laparoscopic restorative proctocolectomy with ileal-J-pouch anal canal anastomosis without diverting ileostomy for total colonic and extensive aganglionosis is safe and feasible with combined Lugol's iodine staining technique and indocyanine green fluorescence angiography

BackgroundWe present the surgical technique and outcomes of reduced-port laparoscopic restorative proctocolectomy with ileal-J-pouch anal canal anastomosis (IPACA) without diverting ileostomy for total colonic and extensive aganglionosis (TCA+).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed TCA+ cases between 2014 and 2022. Preoperative ileostomy was performed when transanal bowel irrigation was ineffective. Radical surgery for TCA+ was performed at approximately 6 kg. The surgery was performed using laparoscopy through a multi-channel trocar with or without an additional 3-mm trocar and IPACA reconstruction with indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICG) to assess anastomotic perfusion and Lugol's iodine staining to visualize the surgical anal canal.ResultsTen patients with TCA+ were included. Ileostomy was performed in seven cases. The median operation time and blood loss were 274.5 min and 20 ml, respectively. No significant postoperative complications were found. All patients experienced frequent liquid stools and perianal excoriation in the early postoperative period, requiring anti-flatulence or codeine. The median follow-up period was 3.5 years. Three patients required irrigation management 1 year postoperatively, and the others defecated a median of 3.5 times per day. The median Kelly's clinical score was 5 in 5 patients aged >4 years.ConclusionReduced-port surgery, combined with Lugol's iodine staining and ICG, was safe, feasible, and had cosmetically and clinically acceptable mid-term outcomes

Case report: Laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy for duodenal atresia with situs inversus and preduodenal portal vein: a report of two cases

Congenital duodenal atresia with situs inversus is occasionally accompanied by a preduodenal portal vein (PDPV), which is incidentally diagnosed during surgery. Duodenoduodenostomy is the most common and effective treatment. However, some patients require other anastomoses. Here, we present two cases of laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy for congenital duodenal atresia with situs inversus and PDPV and describe the reason for selecting gastrojejunostomy. The optimal surgical strategy is patient specific and should be determined based on the patient's general and physical condition

Operative procedures of single-incision laparoscopic repair of pediatric epigastric hernia have become simple and feasible with the use of a novel suture-assisting needle

We describe a simple and feasible procedure for single-incision laparoscopic repair of a pediatric epigastric hernia using a novel suture-assisting needle. A multichannel port was inserted through the umbilical vertical incision. After the orifice of the hernia was identified, a suture-assisting needle, which can hold a suture at its tip, with a 2-0 thread was pierced through the skin into one side of the rectus muscle sheath into the abdominal cavity. Next, after releasing the thread, the needle was pulled out to the subcutis and pierced through another side of the rectus muscle sheath. The needle, grasping the thread again, was subsequently pulled out through the abdominal wall outside, and the thread was tied extracorporeally. This knot was buried subcutaneously. Operative procedures of single-incision laparoscopic repair of an epigastric hernia have become simple and feasible with the use of a novel suture-assisting needle with an excellent cosmetic result

A New Era of Laparoscopic Revision of Kasai Portoenterostomy for the Treatment of Biliary Atresia

Purpose. Kasai portoenterostomy is the standard therapy for biliary atresia (BA). If Kasai is unsuccessful, there is controversy over whether revision of Kasai restores adequate biliary drainage. Although there are several reports of laparoscopic Kasai (Lap-Kasai), none has described laparoscopic revision (Lap-revision). The purposes of this study were to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of Lap-revision. Methods. 65 patients underwent open Kasai between November 2001 and November 2013, and 12 patients underwent Lap-Kasai between December 2013 to January 2015. The indications for revision included bile flow cessation and recurrent cholangitis. Clinical data were compared between open and laparoscopic revisions of Kasai. Results. Open revision of Kasai was performed in 20 patients after open Kasai, and Lap-revision was performed in 4 patients after Lap-Kasai. Lap-revision was completed without conversion or major complication in any patient. The bilirubin level was normalized by Lap-revision in all four patients, and three of them were alive with their native liver. Open and laparoscopic revisions of Kasai were comparable in terms of the operation time, blood loss, and surgical outcomes. Conclusion. Lap-revision is a feasible and effective method for the treatment of BA and might herald a new era for the treatment of this disease

Laparoscopic side-to-side pancreaticojejunostomy for chronic pancreatitis in children

Surgical pancreatic duct (PD) drainage for chronic pancreatitis in children is relatively rare. It is indicated in cases of recurrent pancreatitis and PD dilatation that have not responded to medical therapy and therapeutic endoscopy. We performed laparoscopic side-to-side pancreaticojejunostomy for two paediatric patients with chronic pancreatitis. The main PD was opened easily by electrocautery after locating the dilated PD by intraoperative ultrasonography. The dilated PD was split longitudinally from the pancreatic tail to the pancreatic head by laparoscopic coagulation shears or electrocautery after pancreatography. A laparoscopic side-to-side pancreaticojejunostomy was performed by a one-layered technique using continuous 4-0 polydioxanone (PDS) sutures from the pancreatic tail to the pancreatic head. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications or recurrences. This procedure has cosmetic advantages compared with open surgery for chronic pancreatitis. Laparoscopic side-to-side pancreaticojejunostomy in children is feasible and effective for the treatment of chronic pancreatitis

Emergency hepatectomy for hepatic arteriovenous malformation combined with pulmonary hypertension in an infant

Patients with hepatic arteriovenous malformations rarely present with pulmonary hypertension. We report the case of a 3-month-old boy who developed severe pulmonary hypertension due to a hepatic arteriovenous malformation. The use of pulmonary vasodilators to treat the patient's pulmonary hypertension worsened his high-output heart failure. This is the first case in which emergency hepatectomy rescued a patient with hepatic arteriovenous malformations who developed pulmonary hypertension

A Novel Laparoscopic Surgery Model with a Device to Expand the Abdominal Working Space in Rats: The Influence of Pneumoperitoneum and Skin Incision Length on Postoperative Inflammatory Cytokines

Purpose: Experimental models of laparoscopic surgery generally use large animals owing to a sufficient abdominal working space. We developed a novel laparoscopic surgery model in rats. We performed intestinal anastomosis to demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of this model. Materials and Methods: We designed a device for rats that expanded the abdominal working space and allowed us to manipulate the intraperitoneal organs by hand under direct vision with pneumoperitoneum. We performed small bowel resection and intestinal anastomosis in rats using this model. To elucidate the effects of pneumoperitoneum and skin incision length, rats were randomly divided into four groups with differing surgical techniques: small incision group, large incision group, small incision + pneumoperitoneum group, and large incision + pneumoperitoneum group. Intraoperative abdominal pressure and postoperative cytokines were measured. Results: One experimenter completed small bowel resection and hand-sewn anastomosis under direct vision without any difficulties or assistance. Carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum was maintained at 8–10 mmHg during surgery in both pneumoperitoneum groups. Necropsies revealed no evidence of anastomotic leakage at 24 h after surgery. The interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein concentrations were significantly greater in large incision group than in small incision group, but were not significantly different between small incision + pneumoperitoneum group and small incision group. These cytokines concentrations were the greatest in large incision + pneumoperitoneum group. Conclusions: Our laparoscopic surgery model in rats is a simple and reliable experimental model. The length of skin incision might be a more influential determinant of surgical invasiveness than pneumoperitoneum