233 research outputs found
Multi-Quarks and Two-Baryon Interaction in Lattice QCD
We study multi-quark (3Q,4Q,5Q) systems in lattice QCD. We perform the
detailed studies of multi-quark potentials in lattice QCD to clarify the
inter-quark interaction in multi-quark systems. We find that all the
multi-quark potentials are well described by the OGE Coulomb plus multi-Y-type
linear potential, i.e., the multi-Y Ansatz. For multi-quark systems, we observe
lattice QCD evidences of ``flip-flop'', i.e., flux-tube recombination. These
lattice QCD studies give an important bridge between elementary particle
physics and nuclear physics.Comment: A talk given at Particles and Nuclei International
Conference(PANIC05), Santa Fe, NM, Oct. 24-28, 2005. 3 pages, 6 figure
Detailed Analysis of the Tetraquark Potential and Flip-Flop in SU(3) Lattice QCD
We perform the detailed study of the tetraquark (4Q) potential
for various QQ- systems in SU(3) lattice QCD with
and at the quenched level. For about 200 different
patterns of 4Q systems, is extracted from the 4Q Wilson loop in
300 gauge configurations, with the smearing method to enhance the ground-state
component. We calculate for planar, twisted, asymmetric, and
large-size 4Q configurations, respectively. Here, the calculation for
large-size 4Q configurations is done by identifying as the
spatial size and 16 as the temporal one, and the long-distance confinement
force is particularly analyzed in terms of the flux-tube picture. When QQ and
are well separated, is found to be expressed
as the sum of the one-gluon-exchange Coulomb term and multi-Y type linear term
based on the flux-tube picture. When the nearest quark and antiquark pair is
spatially close, the system is described as a "two-meson" state. We observe a
flux-tube recombination called as "flip-flop" between the connected 4Q state
and the "two-meson" state around the level-crossing point. This leads to
infrared screening of the long-range color forces between (anti)quarks
belonging to different mesons, and results in the absence of the color van der
Waals force between two mesons.Comment: 17 pages, 23 figure
First Study for the Pentaquark Potential in SU(3) Lattice QCD
The static penta-quark (5Q) potential is studied in SU(3)
lattice QCD with and =6.0 at the quenched level. From
the 5Q Wilson loop, is calculated in a gauge-invariant manner,
with the smearing method to enhance the ground-state component. is
well described by the OGE plus multi-Y Ansatz: a sum of the OGE Coulomb term
and the multi-Y-type linear term proportional to the minimal total length of
the flux-tube linking the five quarks. Comparing with and 3Q
potentials, we find a universality of the string tension, , and the OGE result for
Coulomb coefficients.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Study of Quark Confinement in Baryons with Lattice QCD
In SU(3) lattice QCD, we perform the detailed study for the ground-state
three-quark (3Q) potential and the 1st excited-state 3Q
potential , i.e., the energies of the ground state and
the 1st excited state of the gluon field in the presence of the static three
quarks. From the accurate calculation for more than 300 different patterns of
3Q systems, the static ground-state 3Q potential is
found to be well described by the Coulomb plus Y-type linear potential
(Y-Ansatz) within 1%-level deviation. As a clear evidence for Y-Ansatz, Y-type
flux-tube formation is actually observed on the lattice in maximally-Abelian
projected QCD. For about 100 patterns of 3Q systems, we calculate the 1st
excited-state 3Q potential , and find a large
gluonic-excitation energy of about 1 GeV, which gives a physical reason of
the success of the quark model even without gluonic excitations. We present
also the first study for the penta-quark potential in lattice QCD,
and find that is well described by the sum of the OGE Coulomb plus
multi-Y type linear potential.Comment: Invited talk at International Workshop on QCD Down Under, Adelaide,
Australia, 10-19 Mar 200
Lattice QCD Study for the Interquark Force in Three-Quark and Multi-Quark Systems
We study the three-quark and multi-quark potentials in SU(3) lattice QCD.
From the accurate calculation for more than 300 different patterns of 3Q
systems, the static ground-state 3Q potential is found
to be well described by the Coulomb plus Y-type linear potential (Y-Ansatz)
within 1%-level deviation. As a clear evidence for Y-Ansatz, Y-type flux-tube
formation is actually observed on the lattice in maximally-Abelian projected
QCD. For about 100 patterns of 3Q systems, we perform the accurate calculation
for the 1st excited-state 3Q potential by diagonalizing
the QCD Hamiltonian in the presence of three quarks, and find a large
gluonic-excitation energy of about 1 GeV, which gives a physical reason of
the success of the quark model. is found to be reproduced
by the ``inverse Mercedes Ansatz'', which indicates a complicated bulk
excitation for the gluonic-excitation mode. We study also the tetra-quark and
the penta-quark potentials in lattice QCD, and find that they are well
described by the OGE Coulomb plus multi-Y type linear potential, which supports
the flux-tube picture even for the multi-quarks. Finally, the narrow decay
width of penta-quark baryons is discussed in terms of the QCD string theory.Comment: Invited talk at Int. Conference on Quark Confinement and the Hadron
Spectrum 6, Sardinia, Italy, 21-25 Sep 200
Expression of β-nerve growth factor mRNA in rat glioma cells and astrocytes from rat brain
AbstractA 50-base synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide complementary to a portion of mouse nerve growth factor (NGF) mRNA was used as a probe for analysis of the expression of NGF gene. Northern blot analysis showed the presence of a major 1.3 kb transcript, which was identical in size to mouse NGF mRNA, in both C6Bu1 cells and rat astrocytes cultured from newborn rat brain. Further, the rearrangement of DNA sequence in and around the NGF gene locus of C6Bu1 cells was not detected by Southern blot analysis. These results indicate the expression of NGF mRNA in both C6Bu1 cells and astrocytes from rat brain, suggesting that astrocytes may produce NGF protein in the rat brain, especially in developing rat brain
Acute- or Subacute-Onset Lung Complications in Treating Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common systemic disease that manifests as inflammatory arthritis of multiple joints and produces a wide variety of intrathoracic lesions, including pleural diseases, diffuse interstitial pneumonia, rheumatoid nodules, and airway disease. Patients treated for RA can have associated lung disease that commonly manifests as diffuse interstitial pneumonia, drug-induced lung injury, and infection. The purpose of this pictorial review is to illustrate the radiographic and clinical features of lung complications of acute or subacute onset in patients treated for RA and to show the computed tomography features of these complications
Contribution of the Fenton reaction to the degradation of carbon nanotubes by enzymes
The widespread use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has raised concerns about the human health and ecological effects of CNTs released into the environment. Bacteria play an important role in bioremediation and waste treatment, and their enzymes are mostly responsible for the degradation of contaminants. However, there are still only a few reports about the bacterial degradation of CNTs, and evidence showing the involvement of bacterial enzymes in CNT degradation with their mechanisms has never been reported. The purpose of this study is to clarify whether CNTs can be degraded by bacterial enzymes. In this study, the degradation of oxidized (carboxylated) single-walled CNTs (O-SWCNTs) by mt2DyP, a dye-decolorizing peroxidase of Pseudomonas putida mt-2, a common soil bacterium, was investigated. After incubation of O-SWCNTs with recombinant mt2DyP and its substrate H2O2 for 30 d, the optical absorbance and Raman spectra revealed the degradation of O-SWCNTs. However, inactivation of the enzyme was observed within 60 min of the start of incubation, suggesting that the degradation of O-SWCNTs occurred nonenzymatically. The inactivation of mt2DyP was accompanied by the release of iron, the active center metal, and degradation of O-SWCNTs was significantly inhibited in the presence of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid, a chelating agent, indicating that O-SWCNTs were degraded by the Fenton reaction with iron released from mt2DyP and H2O2. The same phenomenon was observed with P450, which is also a heme enzyme. Furthermore, we investigated the contribution of the Fenton reaction to the O-SWCNT degradation by horseradish peroxidase (HRP), which was reported to enzymatically and rapidly degrade O-SWCNTs. Our results revealed that the degradation of O-SWCNTs in the presence of HRP is also mainly due to the Fenton reaction, with negligible enzymatic degradation. This contradicts the report showing enzymatic degradation of O-SWCNTs by HRP but supports the subsequent report quantitatively showing very slow transformation of O-SWCNTs by HRP. The current results emphasize that the Fenton reaction, which has received little attention in CNT degradation by heme enzymes, must be taken into consideration and will contribute to the development of a simple disposal method for CNTs, utilizing the Fenton reaction with bacteria/bacterial enzymes and H2O2
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