Developing a nutritional model for the prevention and treatment of malnutrition in children admitted to treatment centers and assessing its effectiveness

Background The present study is aimed to develop a nutritional model for the prevention and treatment of malnutrition in children and its effectiveness in patients admitted to Mofid children's hospital.Materials and MethodsThis study was conducted as an interventional controlled clinical effectiveness trial with control group. The study population included children aged more than 1 year and under 10 years old who were admitted to the Mofid Children's Hospital in 2013-2014.ResultsIn our study, boys and girls accounted for 50% and 50% of 300 children with malnutrition who were hospitalized for various reasons. All three groups were homogenous in terms of growth index,. After the use of the F100 solution, the growth index was improved and malnutrition severity, moderate malnutrition and mild malnutrition were improved by about 78%, 64% and 32%, respectively. In the nutrition counseling group, which had food orders and calorie intake, malnutrition severity was improved about 11%, 39% still had severe malnutrition and 60% had moderate malnutrition. There was a statistically significant relationship between the consumption of F100 solution and improvement of growth indices and serum albumin levels.ConclusionChildren who are admitted to hospital for various reasons should be evaluated in terms of growth index so that their malnutrition is not exacerbated in the hospital. The use of the F100 solution that can easily be provided by families is an acceptable and accessible supplement for malnourished and underage children

Glucose-galactose malabsorption: a case report

Glucose-Galactose Malabsorption (GGM) is one of the rare autosomal recessive disorders of intestinal transport of glucose and galactose/Na+cotransport system (SGLT1) that leads to osmotic watery diarrhea, dehydration, failure to thrive, or early death. It is caused by mutations in the gene coding for the intestinal brush border of sodium-glucose co-transporter. More than 30 different mutations in this gene have been found to cause abnormalities in the transporter. Because of the wide number of mutations known today, genetic testing for defects is difficult, leaving clinicians to rely on clinical testing, including the glucose or galactose hydrogen breath test as a diagnostic test of choice. Treatment includes the elimination of glucose and galactose from diet. We report a male infant with suspected GGM with acidosis and diarrhea

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis with Thyroid Involvement in a 3 Year-Old Child - a Case Report

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), a monoclonal disease of histiocytes, may involve several organ systems but rarely primarily involves the thyroid gland. This report presents an extremely rare case of LCH of the thyroid in a 3-year-old boy who presented with a neck mass for several weeks. LCH of the thyroid should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a child with a thyroid mass. Pulmonary examination should be done in these patients

Cytomegalovirus Colitis in an Immunocompetent Patient: Report of a Case

Abstract Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a virus that can be consider as invasive infection after transplantation or chemotherapy, long-term corticosteroid users or in immunodeficient patients such as HIV. Different complications were seen in immunocompetent patients but colitis rarely occurs. The diagnosis of CMV was based on pathology by colonoscopy, positive CMV antigen and high CMV-IgM titer serum samples and a good response to systemic gancyclovir treatment. In this study we reported a 20 month girl with bloody diarrhea that her colonoscopy showed CMV ulceration

Immunoproliferative Small Intestine Disease (IPSID): A Case Report

Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID) is the syndrome associated with Mediterranean lymphoma (a rare form of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma). Many of the patients diagnosed with secretory IPSID have variable level of abnormal immunoglobulins in serum or other bodily fluids, identified as truncated alpha heavy chain globulins. Most cases are characterized by a loss of ability to synthesize light chains. As such, IPSID has been classified as a heavy chain disorder B-cell lymphoma. We present here the case of a 12-year-old boy admitted in our department for edema, abdominal pain and FTT, in whom we suspected the diagnosis of IPSID

Programmable RO (PRO): A Multipurpose Countermeasure against Side-channel and Fault Injection Attacks

Side-channel and fault injection attacks reveal secret information by monitoring or manipulating the physical effects of computations involving secret variables. Circuit-level countermeasures help to deter these attacks, and traditionally such countermeasures have been developed for each attack vector separately. We demonstrate a multipurpose ring oscillator design - Programmable Ring Oscillator (PRO) to address both fault attacks and side-channel attacks in a generic, application-independent manner. PRO, as an integrated primitive, can provide on-chip side-channel resistance, power monitoring, and fault detection capabilities to a secure design. We present a grid of PROs monitoring the on-chip power network to detect anomalies. Such power anomalies may be caused by external factors such as electromagnetic fault injection and power glitches, as well as by internal factors such as hardware Trojans. By monitoring the frequency of the ring oscillators, we are able to detect the on-chip power anomaly in time as well as in location. Moreover, we show that the PROs can also inject a random noise pattern into a design\u27s power consumption. By randomly switching the frequency of a ring oscillator, the resulting power-noise pattern significantly reduces the power-based side-channel leakage of a cipher. We discuss the design of PRO and present measurement results on a Xilinx Spartan-6 FPGA prototype, and we show that side-channel and fault vulnerabilities can be addressed at a low cost by introducing PRO to the design. We conclude that PRO can serve as an application-independent, multipurpose countermeasure

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis with Thyroid Involvement in a 3 Year-Old Child - a Case Report

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), a monoclonal disease of histiocytes, may involve several organ systems but rarely primarily involves the thyroid gland. This report presents an extremely rare case of LCH of the thyroid in a 3-year-old boy who presented with a neck mass for several weeks. LCH of the thyroid should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a child with a thyroid mass. Pulmonary examination should be done in these patients