Major Factors That Influence School Failure in the Northern Region of Morocco (Fez-Boulemane As A Case Study)

AbstractThis study examines the associations between home-individual and school-related factors along with a focus on school failure of 431 students who are randomly sampled from nine urban public Junior high schools. The results show that among individual students some characteristics such as gender, motivation, positive attitudes towards school, and work status are significantly associated with school failure. In addition, some family-related aspects like the parents’ educational level, perceptions about relationship with parents and surrounding circumstances at home are also considerably related to the proportion of school failure. As for school characteristics, the present study proves that they have no effect on the rate of school failure

Modélisation logistique de la prédiction du redoublement en troisième année du secondaire collégial : Une étude de cas dans la préfecture de Fès

In Morocco, despite the multiple educational reforms aimed at mitigating academic failure and dropout rates, the education system continues to face alarming rates of grade repetition and abandonment, notably observed in the ninth grade or the third year of secondary school (TYSC). This study aims to analyze the relationship and predictive power of individual, educational, and family variables on student grade repetition in TYSC, with a focus on educational institutions in the prefecture of Fes. A questionnaire, including a dependent variable (grade repetition) and 52 independent variables, was administered to 815 TYSC students in Fes. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to develop a model incorporating six variables, including the age of the student, employment status, one item related to school engagement, and three items associated with parental influence. This well-adjusted model can serve as a starting point for developing more refined models, providing concrete insights for educational interventions and pedagogical practices, with the goal of reducing grade repetition rates and promoting academic success.Au Maroc, malgré les multiples réformes éducatives entreprises pour atténuer l'échec et l'abandon scolaire, le système éducatif demeure confronté à des taux préoccupants de redoublement et d'abandon, en particulier au niveau de la troisième année du secondaire collégial (TASC). Cette étude vise à analyser la relation et le pouvoir prédictif de variables individuelles, scolaires et familiales sur le redoublement des élèves en TASC, en mettant l'accent sur les établissements scolaires de la préfecture de Fès. Un questionnaire, comprenant une variable dépendante (redoublement) et 52 variables indépendantes, a été administré à 815 élèves de TASC à Fès. Une analyse de régression logistique a permis d’établir un modèle intégrant six variables, dont l'âge de l'élève, l'occupation simultanée d'un emploi rémunéré, un item lié à l'engagement scolaire, et trois items associés à l'influence parentale. Ce modèle, bien ajusté, peut constituer un point de départ pour élaborer des modèles plus fins, offrant des orientations concrètes pour guider les interventions éducatives et les pratiques pédagogiques, dans le but de réduire les taux de redoublement et de favoriser la réussite scolaire

Assessment of the acute and subacute toxicity of the aqueous extract of Moroccan Ferula communis fruit in a mouse model

Ferula communis L. is thought to possess a wide range of therapeutic qualities. This plant's safety is critical regarding its potential uses as a medicine. Using the techniques outlined in the OECD recommendations, the present study aimed to assess the acute and subacute toxicity profiles of Ferula communis aqueous extract (FC-Ext) in mice. In the acute study, the FC-Ext was administered to adult male and female Swiss albino mice through oral and intraperitoneal routes at doses of 0–4 g/kg. The general behavioral effects, mortality rates, and latency of mortality were evaluated for a period of 14 days. For the sub-acute dose study, the FC-Ext was administered orally to adult mice at doses of 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg on a daily basis for 28 days. Body weight and selected biochemical and hematological parameters were measured, and histological examinations of the liver, kidney, and spleen were conducted to assess any signs of organ damage at the end of the treatment period. The results of the acute toxicity study demonstrated that the LD50 values for the oral and intraperitoneal administration of FC-Ext were 3.6 g/kg and 2.3 g/kg, respectively. In the subacute toxicity study of FC-Ext, no significant changes in body weight were observed. However, a substantial increase in the weights of the liver, kidney, and spleen was observed in male mice. The administration of FC-Ext to mice at doses higher than 250 mg/kg resulted in a decrease in white blood cells and platelets in both sexes and a reduction in red blood cells and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration in males and hemoglobin in females. No changes in biochemical parameters were observed. Microscopic examination of vital organs such as the liver, kidney, and spleen revealed no significant injuries. Based on the current results, the aqueous extract of Ferula communis has low toxicity. These findings provide important information about the toxicity profile of the traditional medicine plant Ferula communis