聞き手待遇の変化過程に関する日韓対照研究 : 大学生同士の初対面場面の基本的スピーチレベルをもとに

本稿では、大学生同士の会話をもとに、初対面場面における聞き手待遇の変化過程について日韓対照研究を行った。分析の結果、日本語の会話では暗示的交渉、韓国語の会話では主に明示的交渉によって、初対面の基本的スピーチレベルである丁寧体から普通体に変化することが明らかになった。日本語と韓国語は「聞き手に対する待遇がスピーチレベルで示される」、「スピーチレベルとして丁寧体と普通体がある」、「初対面の人と丁寧体で話す」など、聞き手待遇に関する共通点が多いためコミュニケーションしやすいと思われる傾向がある。しかし、このような共通点ゆえにそれぞれの言語のルールを適用して誤解が生じる恐れもある。この現状を踏まえ、本稿では、日韓の聞き手待遇を表す基本的スピーチレベルが変化する際の類似点と相違点を明確にすることで、日本語母語話者と韓国語母語話者が円滑なコミュニケーションを達成するためには互いの基本的スピーチレベルの変化について十分理解しておくことが重要であることを明らかにした。The purpose of this study is to clarify how Japanese and Korean university students change their honorific levels in their first conversation upon meeting. In this study, first time conversations between pairs of Japanese university students and those between pairs of Korean university students were analyzed. The results from the conversations show that both Japanese native speakers and Korean native speakers generally start talking to their interlocutors in a polite style of language. However, after that, the Japanese native speakers change their honorific levels implicitly from a polite style to a plain style. In contrast, Korean native speakers change their honorific levels explicitly from a polite style to a plain style. These changing processes of their honorific levels are based on their social status and age. The difference in the changing process between Japanese and Korean native speakers can cause misunderstandings when a Japanese native speaker talks to a Korean native speaker for the first time and vice versa. Understanding each other’s changing process is expected to lead to improved mutual understanding between Japanese and Korean people

大学生の初対面会話における呼びかけ表現とその言語行動に関する日韓対照研究

We use a choice of invocation when we first call a listener. The choice of what to call the listener is often decided in the first face-to-face conversation where the relationship with the listener begins, and the participants in the conversation usually decide the invocation after confirming information about the listener such as name and age. This paper presents a contrastive analysis of the linguistic behavior of Japanese and Korean university students in determining the listener's invocation in a first-meeting conversation, and when and how they use it. It was found that in Korean conversations, calling out was mainly used by explicitly confirming seniority, while in Japanese conversations, calling out tended to be avoided even though seniority and names were confirmed. In contact situations, differences in the use of invocations by speakers of each language can be expected

Variation of Floating Potential in the Topside Ionosphere Observed by STSAT-1

In this study, we investigated the effect of space plasmas on the floating potential variation of a low-altitude, polar-orbiting satellite using the Langmuir Probe (LP) measurement onboard the STSAT-1 spacecraft. We focused on small potential drops, for which the estimation of plasma density and temperature from LP is available. The floating potential varied according to the variations of plasma density and temperature, similar to the previously reported observations. Most of the potential drops occurred around the nightside auroral region. However, unlike the previous studies where large potential drops were observed with the precipitation of auroral electrons, the potential drops occurred before or after the precipitation of auroral electrons. Statistical analysis shows that the potential drops have good correlation with the temperature increase of cold electrons, which suggests the small potential drops be mainly controlled by the cold ionospheric plasmas