Graphical Design and Functional Perception on Technology-Driven Products: Case Study on Mobile Usage of the Elderly

AbstractThree features-complexity of iconic, the visual limitation of the aged, and the interpretation of iconic symbols are investigated. The research finds that respondents are proved to be equally able to learn complicated level as younger users. With reading glasses, the elderly are able to visualize and understand simple icons as small as 5-10mm, complicated ones as 30mm, graphical ones with textual as 10-15mm bright color for simple ones and cooler tone for complicated ones. 2D icons are for familiar objects while 3D and realistic ones are not. Textual representation could enhance the understanding of representation as well

Financial Dependency of Older Person on Their Adult Children: A Case of Older Persons in Rural Kedah Malaysia

One of the important issues in population aging is regarding the issues of financial dependency. The present paper aims at investigating the financial dependency of older persons in the village of Kubang Pasu, in the district of Kubang Pasu, Kedah, Malaysia. More specifically, the present paper analyzes (1): demographic and socioeconomic profiles of older persons in rural Kedah, Malaysia; (2): monthly income receives from children; (3): level of money dependency of older people on adult children; and (4): the relative importance of money sending from adult children in rural Kedah, Malaysia. This study was conducted in the village of Kubang Pasu, district of Kubang Pasu, one of the rural areas in the state of Kedah, Malaysia. This paper is basically employed a descriptive research design. It is used when a researcher seeks a better understanding and measure how variables are naturally distributed. Data for the study were collected through structured and unstructured interviews with research participants, coupled with observations on their daily lives. Data were analyzed using descriptive and thematic approach. Results of the study revealed that (1): older persons in this survey are 39 men and 37 women; they are young old, aged 64 to 79. Two of them aged 80 and over. Most of them reported as having secondary school certificate or above, still working and still married; (2): The majority of older persons have a monthly income of below than RM870, below poverty level. The income is too low, not enough for daily living, and older persons used all the income for daily expenses. (3): In terms of the level of financial dependency, the answer varies between older persons; there are older person who feel their level of financial dependency is low, while others are moderate and high, but in the future they believe their level of financial dependency will be high. (4): older person also varies in terms of perceive importance of money sending from children to help them lighten the burdens of daily problem; some perceive as important, while others perceive as not too important. To conclude, although income level of older persons in rural Kedah is low they do not feel they are too worry about their financial problems. Keywords: population ageing; older persons; rural areas; financial dependency; well-bein

Money Remittance from Children to Older Person in Felda Bukit Tangga, Kedah, Malaysia

Older population is growing in all countries, developed and developing countries. Although developed countries have a relatively high proportion of older persons, older persons in developing countries is growing at a fast rate. The majority of older persons in developing countries are living in rural areas. The present paper presents the result of a cross-sectional survey conducted in rural Kedah, Malaysia, to investigate money remittances from adult children who live out of their village to their elderly parents at home. More specifically, the present paper analyzes (1): demographic and socioeconomic profiles of older persons in rural Kedah, Malaysia; (2): income status of older people; (3): level of money remittance from adult children, and (4) the importance of money remittances to older people in rural Kedah, Malaysia. This study was conducted in Felda Bukit Tangga, in the state of Kedah. This paper is basically employed a descriptive research design. Data for the study were collected through structured and unstructured interviews with research participants, coupled with observations on their daily lives. Data were analyzed using descriptive and thematic approach. Results of the study revealed that: (1) from 75 older persons interviewed, 38 are women, whilst 37 more are men. Older persons in this survey aged between 50 to 79 years. They are categorized as young old, having only a primary school certificate, working and still married; (2) although half of respondents have a monthly income of above poverty level, their income is not enough, and all of this income is used for daily expenses; (3) money remittance from children is small; some older persons perceive it as not enough, while other older persons feel the remittance is enough, and; (4) only a small portion agrees the remittance is important for them; some other respondents feel the remittance is not important. Because most of older persons in the study have their own income, money remittance from children, although important, it is not an urgent need for these older persons. Keywords: population ageing, older persons, rural areas, money remittance, well-bein

Financial Support for Older Person in Puchong, Selangor, Malaysia

In most culture throughout the world, care for elderly parents is a responsibility that falls on the shoulders of the family. Following coverage for social and financial security of the majority of world’s older persons is limited, family-based support is extremely crucial. In Malaysia research suggests that support from family members is very important for the well-being of older persons. The present paper present the result of a cross-sectional survey conducted in rural Malaysia to analyze the level and the perceived importance of financial support from their adult children who live out of the village. In particular, the present paper analyzes: (1): some demographic and socioeconomic profiles of older persons; (2): income status of older people; (3): level of financial support for older person; and (4): the importance of family support from children among older people in rural Malaysia. This study was conducted in Pulau Meranti, district of Puchong, one of the rural areas in the state of Selangor. This paper is basically employed a descriptive research design. It is used when a researcher seeks a better understanding and measure how variables are naturally distributed. Data for the study were collected through structured and unstructured interviews with research participants, coupled with observations on their daily lives. Data were analyzed using descriptive and thematic approach. Results of the study revealed that; (1), older persons are young old, 45 female, and 15 male, aged between 69 or below. 56 per cent of them reported as having primary and secondary school certificate, or above, not working and still married; (2), income of older persons are varies, but the majority of them are having a monthly income below than poverty line income. Only 25 of them have a monthly income of more than RM870, above the poverty line income as has been used in Malaysia; (3): although financial support is small, most of older persons perceive the financial support from children is enough, or very enough, and (5): most of older persons perceive the financial support from children are important. Older persons who perceived the financial support is not important reflect the greater financial independence of some of older persons in study area. Keywords: population ageing; older persons; rural areas; financial support; well-bein

Location of Adult Children as an Attraction for Black and White Elderly Migrants in the United States

This research evaluates the location of adult children as a determinant of interstate primary migration for elderly (aged 60+) blacks and whites, over the 1985-90 period. We find that the location of adult children, as well as environmental amenities, affect the migration of both elderly blacks and whites but exert different redistribution influences on each race. Our results support the migration implications of Eugene Litwak's theory of the "modified extended family", which is considered to be more viable than the isolated nuclear family in a modern society.elderly migrants

Financial Adequacy of Older Person in Batu Caves, Selangor Malaysia

Population aging has profound implications for many facets of human life. The transition from middle to old age is generally marked by declining in financial income. Most of older people in rural areas are living under poverty level. Research in other rural Malaysia suggests that older persons have to depend on to their adult children for income. This paper is aimed at describing about how older persons in rural Malaysia feel about their family financial situation, whether the income level of their family is adequate or otherwise. Understanding perceived financial adequacy is very important in understanding the financial capacity of older people. Financial capacity of older persons needs to be examined because through it we can take steps to support them. More specifically, the present paper analyzes; (1), demographic and socioeconomic profiles of older persons in rural Malaysia; (2), income status of older people in rural Malaysia; (3), level of financial adequacy of older persons in Batu Cave; and (4), the importance of financial support from children among older people in rural Malaysia. This study was conducted in Taman Selasih, Batu Cave district, one of the rural areas in the state of Selangor. This paper is basically employed a descriptive research design. It is used when a researcher seeks a better understanding and measure how variables are naturally distributed. Data were collected through structured and unstructured interviews with research participants coupled with observations on their daily lives, and analyzed using descriptive and thematic approach. Results of the study revealed that: (1), the majority of respondents in the study are men and young old, aged between 69 or below. 49 of them reported as having secondary school certificate, or above, not working and still married; (2), there is substantial variation in their monthly income. Only 54 of them have a monthly income of more than RM870, above poverty level as has been used in Malaysia, and more than half are using half or less than half of their income for daily expenses; (3), only 26 out of 70 perceive their financial as not enough; (4), most of older persons perceive financial support from children is important. To conclude, older persons in study area are not facing problems in financial adequacy. Keywords: population ageing; older persons; rural areas; financial adequacy; well-bein

Counting the homeless in Los Angeles County

Over the past two decades, a variety of methods have been used to count the homeless in large metropolitan areas. In this paper, we report on an effort to count the homeless in Los Angeles County, one that employed the sampling of census tracts. A number of complications are discussed, including\^{E} the need to impute homeless counts to areas of \^{E}the County\^{E} not sampled. We conclude that, despite their imperfections, estimated counts provided useful and credible information to the stakeholders involved.Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/193940307000000428 the IMS Collections (http://www.imstat.org/publications/imscollections.htm) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org

Frequency of family support of older rural Malaysian

Population aging has become a challenge not only for developed countries but developing ones as well.Malaysia is being no exception.The purpose of this paper is to analyze the frequency of family support of older citizens in rural Malaysia. The design used in this study was a combination of the sociological method of face-to-face interviews and the anthropological method of participant observation.Analysis on the frequency of support shows that the frequency of support the elderly receive was varies.The analysis reveals that, out of 214 respondents, 20.2% reported they did not receive any support at all from family. From 79.8% of the elderly who receives support from family, 53.0% receive it once in a while and 26.8% receive it always in three weeks before the study. There were kinds of support the elderly received in almost every day, while others the elderly respondents only received once in a while.From the number of respondents who receive support shows that the welfare of older persons in rural community is not abandoned

Self-Defense for Women: Identifying Training Needs

Evaluates the victimization of women and determines that defensive actions against arm holding and grabbing were most important to teach in self protection classes for women