High Thermal Conductivity Ceramics and Their Composites for Thermal Management of Integrated Electronic Packaging

Recently, ceramic substrates have been of great interest for use in light emitting diode (LED) packaging materials because of their excellent heat transfer capability. The thermal conductivities of ceramic-based substrates are usually one or two orders of magnitude higher than those of conventional epoxy-based substrates. The demand for ceramic substrates with high mechanical strength and thermal conductivity is also growing due to their use in thin and high-power device packaging substrates. Examples are direct bonded copper or aluminum or direct plated copper substrates for insulated gate bipolar transistors; thin and robust ceramic packages for image sensor modules that are used in mobile smart phones; ceramic packages for miniaturized chip-type supercapacitors; and high-power LED packages. This chapter will cover the development and application of ceramics and ceramic composites with high thermal conductivity for the thermal management of integrated electronic packaging substrates such as high-power LED packaging, power device packaging, etc

A Modified Adaboost Algorithm to Reduce False Positives in Face Detection

We present a modified Adaboost algorithm in face detection, which aims at an accurate algorithm to reduce false-positive detection rates. We built a new Adaboost weighting system that considers the total error of weak classifiers and classification probability. The probability was determined by computing both positive and negative classification errors for each weak classifier. The new weighting system gives higher weights to weak classifiers with the best positive classifications, which reduces false positives during detection. Experimental results reveal that the original Adaboost and the proposed method have comparable face detection rate performances, and the false-positive results were reduced almost four times using the proposed method

Usefulness of Allerkin House Dust Mite Extract for Nasal Provocation Testing

Objectives We evaluated the clinical usefulness of Allerkin (Lofarma) for nasal provocation testing (NPT) in patients with rhinitis symptoms, by examining changes in nasal symptoms and acoustic parameters after exposure to house dust mite (HDM) extract. Methods Twenty patients (16 males and 4 females, mean age: 29.6±14.6 years) were enrolled. We performed skin prick test (SPT) before and 15 and 30 minutes after intranasal challenge with Allerkin HDM extract, and we evaluated symptom changes (nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, sneezing, and itching) using a visual analogue scale. We also evaluated changes in acoustic parameters such as total nasal volume (TNV) and minimal cross-sectional area (MCA) before and after challenge. Results Group A (the nonallergic group, n=8) showed negative results for all tested aeroallergens in SPT and nonprovocative results (29% decrease in TNV/MCA from the baseline value). Patients in group C showed significant aggravation of nasal obstruction compared to those in group A (P<0.05). Thirty minutes after HDM challenge, patients in groups B and C showed significantly greater decreases in MCA compared to those in group A (P<0.01). Conclusion Allerkin HDM extract can be a useful provocative agent in NPT for diagnosing allergic rhinitis and local allergic rhinitis

Anti-allergic effect of luteolin in mice with allergic asthma and rhinitis

Abstract Aim of the study : Results: after the oVa challenge, the number of eosinophils, neutrophils and lymphocytes in BaL fluid was significantly increased in group B, compared to group a (p &lt; 0.001). mice in group C had no significant difference (p &gt; 0.05). on the other hand, group D showed a significant decrease in all inflammatory cells compared to group B (p &lt; 0.05). also, group D showed a significant decrease in iL-4, iL-5 and iL-13 in their lung homogenate compared to groups B and C (p &lt; 0.05). group D also showed a significant decrease in inflammatory cell infiltration after luteolin treatment (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: Luteolin had an anti-allergic effect in a murine model of allergic asthma and rhinitis