A case of masquerading bronchopneumonia

S. stercoralis infection is very common in South East Asian countries including India. Chronic infection is very common with symptoms of diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, anemia, and cough. Hyperinfection and dissemination usually occur in immunocompromised patients with symptoms mimicking asthma, COPD, or aseptic meningitis. Very few cases of hyperinfection and dissemination have been documented in immunocompetent patients. We report this case for its rarity and future references

Subcutaneous entomophthoromycoses

Subcutaneous entomophthoromycoses is a zygomycosis caused by Basidiobolus ranarum that is endemic in southern India. We report the case of a 63-year-old male from central India who presented with a nontender subcutaneous hyperpigmented plaque on his leg with mild discharge that yielded Basidiobolus ranarum

Onychomycosis due to Cunninghamella bertholletiae in an Immunocompetent Male from Central India

Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of nails seen frequently in immune competent and immune compromised patients due to dermatophytes, Candida spp., Fusarium spp., Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, Penicillium spp., and Aspergillus spp. We report a case of onychomycosis in a young immunocompetent male who presented onycholysis of a solitary nail without inflammation. The etiological agent was diagnosed to be Cunninghamella bertholletiae, a fungus pertaining to the order Mucorales (subdivision Mucoromycotina) and known for some of the invasive lesions among immunocompromised patients. This case demonstrates the association of onychomycosis with Cunninghamella bertholletiae in an immune competent individual, not reported so far

Traumatic implantation keratitis caused by Schizophyllum commune in Central India

We present two cases with a history of trauma to the cornea and after a few days patients developed symptoms of corneal ulcers with one showing hypopyon as well. Due to strong suspicion of fungal keratitis both cases were treated with topical and intravenously voriconazole. Fungal culture showed white fluffy growth which was identified as Schizophyllum commune by conventional and molecular methods. In both cases surgical intervention was essential. Therapeutic keratoplasty was done in both cases but failed. Unfortunately, both patients lost vision in the affected eyes

A Psittacine bite and subcutaneous basidiobolomycosis: A case with a therapeutic challenge

Basidiobolus ranarum is a saprophyte that can be found in soil, rotting vegetables, and frogs' digestive tracts. Clinically, basidiobolomycosis presents as a persistent infection of subcutaneous tissue affecting the trunk and extremities in an immunocompetent host. We describe a case of subcutaneous basidiobolomycosis in a 56-year-old immunocompetent woman farmer by occupation residing at remote part of central India. This study highlights the traumatic implantation and zoonotic potential of fungal species. Clinical suspicion of fungal etiology and timely mycology laboratory diagnostic support is key to address such cases. This case is documented to emphasize the problems of compliance to treatment specially in remote and poor patients challenging the treatment with complete cure. 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Predictors of thirty-day mortality among patients with blood stream infection with WHO priority pathogens: single centre exploratory study from a referral teaching hospital in central India

Background and Objectives: Bloodstream infection (BSI) is defined by the presence of viable microorganisms in the bloodstream. BSI is one of the major causes of sepsis and subsequent adverse clinical outcomes all across the globe. The present study was undertaken to identify clinico-epidemio-microbiological variables associated with 30-day mortality in patients having BSI with WHO priority pathogens. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted at a public sector tertiary care institute in central India from April 2019 to March 2021. Blood samples collected from patients with clinical suspicion of sepsis, were processed by automated bacterial culture system and interpreted as per CLSI guidelines. Calculated sample size was 150. Data was analyzed by R software. Results: Respiratory tract infection was the most common source (43.3%) of BSI, followed by the gastrointestinal (20%) and urinary tract (18.7%). Among the patients, 33% required invasive mechanical ventilation, and 31% required inotropes. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was the most common co-morbidity (34%). The incidence of multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO) was 59.3%. Escherichia coli was the most commonly (24%) isolated organism, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.3%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (16%). Conclusion: Higher age, higher qSOFA score / SIRS score / mean SOFA score at presentation had higher mortality. Use of mechanical ventilation and inotropes during treatment and isolation of critical category organisms of WPP and multi drug resistant organisms were independent 30-day mortality predictors