Influence of local anesthetics on tissue blood flow−The change of skin blood flow by subcutaneous injection into the back skin of rabbits−

We examined the influence of lidocaine, mepivacaine, ropivacaine , bupivacaine , and levobupivacaine on skin blood flow in rabbits using a laser Doppler blood flowmeter. New Zealand White rabbits were anesthetized with sodium thiopental. 0.2 ml of 0.125～ 2.0% lidocaine, 0.125～3.0% mepivacaine, 0.125～0.75% ropivacaine, 0.125～0.5% bupivacaine, 0.125～0.75% levobupivacaine, 2.0% lidocaine with adrenaline (A) (1/80,000), and 3.0% propitocaine with felypressin (0.03 IU) were injected subcutaneously into the back skin of the rabbit’s. Physiological saline (0.2 ml) was injected as a control. We measured the skin blood flow using a laser Doppler blood flowmeter before and 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 minutes after the injection. The blood flow after the injection of each local anesthetic was converted into a percentage of the control value (before injection). The mean values of the skin blood flow before the injection in each group showed no significant differences. The skin blood flow was increased 30 seconds after the injection of physiological saline and showed no significant changes from 1 to 10 minutes after the injection. The skin blood flow was significantly increased by the subcutaneous injection of 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, and 2.0% lidocaine, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0% mepivacaine, 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5% bupivacaine, and 0.75% levobupivacaine. The skin blood flow was significantly decreased by the injection of 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75% mepivacaine, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75% ropivacaine, 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5% levobupivacaine. Lidocaine and bupivacaine increased the skin blood flow dependent on their concentration. On the other hand, ropivacaine decreased the skin blood flow dependent on its concentration. Mepivacaine decreased the skin blood flow at concentrations lower than 0.75% and increased it at a concentration higher than 1.0%. Levobupivacaine decreased the skin blood flow at concentrations lower than 0.5%, and increased it at those higher than 0.75%. The 0.5% bupivacaine and 2.0% lidocaine led to the most marked increase in skin blood flow, and 2.0% lidocaine?A and 0.75% ropivacaine led to the most marked decrease.2013博士（歯学）松本歯科大

Epigenetic biomarkers for prediction of sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs in multiple myeloma

Multiple myeloma continues to be a lethal malignancy despite the development of treatments such as high-dose chemotherapy combined with stem cell transplantation. Multiple myeloma arises through an accumulation of multiple genetic anges, including immunoglobulin gene rearrangements involved in Cyclin D. The main difficulties in multiple myeloma treatments are drug-resistance. DNA methylation of the5\u27 CpG islands of genes is often found in multiple myeloma. To screen for he genes involved in tumorigenesis of multiple myeloma, which are silenced by DNA methylation, we performed cDNA microarray analysis using multiple myeloma cell lines treated with demethylating agent5-aza-2-deoxycytidine (DAC), and entified RASD1, a dexamethasone (Dex)-inducible gene, as one of the targets of epigenetic changes. Inactivation of RASD1 was found to correlate with resistance to Dex, and treatment of multiple myeloma cells with DAC restored sensitivity to Dex. These findings suggest the involvement of epigenetic gene silencing in multiple myeloma progression and drug-resistance, and the usefulness of demethylation therapy for multiple myeloma treatment. Furthermore, DNA methylation can be an epigenetic biomarker for multiple myeloma

Interferon-α/β and Anti-Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1 Monoclonal Antibody Suppress Hepatic Cancer Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most commonly occurring primary liver cancer and ranks as the fifth most frequently occurring cancer, overall, and the third leading cause of cancer deaths, worldwide. At present, effective therapeutic options available for HCC are limited; consequently, the prognosis for these patients is poor. Our aim in the present study was to identify a novel target for antibody therapy against HCC..Our results suggest that the combined use of an anti-FGFR1 antibody and interferon-α/β is a promising approach to the treatment of HCC

A General Report of the Geological and Palaeontological Survey in Maragheh Area, North-West Iran, 1973

The present article is a general report on the excavation of the bone beds in Maragheh area, N. W. Iran. The excavation has been done at four sites in Dareh-e Gorg, near Mordagh, in autumn of 1973. Many fossil bones were sampled and those dispositions were recorded. The fossil materials excavated in this time were listed, including many cranial and postcranial bones of Hipparion, Antelope, and other Bovidae, Carnivores, Choerolophodon, etc. The fossil bone was obtained from the sediments of 130 m thick in Mordagh area, consisting mainly of the alternations of tuffaceous sandstone and mudstone. Those are assignable to the lower part of the Maragheh Formation. The six tephra were recognized as the distinct marker beds in those sediments. Then, the sedimentary environment is presumed. Directions of natural remanent magnetization of 9 sites were measured. Six pyroclastics including one ash flow of basement were dated by fission-track method and the age of the Maragheh fauna was considered as 6.6 to 6.9 my

原発巣(膀胱癌)の診断に先行し発見された転移性精索腫瘍の1例

An unusual case of a metastatic tumor of the spermatic cord, which waS the first manifestation of bladder cancer, is reported

A natural variant of bovine dopamine β-monooxygenase with phenylalanine as residue 208: purification and characterization of the variant homo- and heterotetramers of (F208)4 and (F208)2(L208)2

AbstractBovine dopamine β-monooxygenase was purified from each of 18 individual adrenal glands by the method we have developed for the rapid purification of the enzyme from a single adrenal gland. Differential peptide mapping of the 18 enzyme preparations following fluorescence labeling of their cysteine residues revealed the presence of a novel variant with Phe as residue 208 in 14 adrenal glands; seven of them were homozygous for the variant allele and the remaining seven heterozygous. The variant enzyme was a tetramer and exhibited kinetic and structural properties similar to those of the wild-type tetramer (L208)4. These results indicate an allelic polymorphism and codominant expression of the two alleles of the enzyme gene