53 research outputs found
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This study was performed to determine the actual situation of maternal distress regarding 1-year-old infant s cries. ãA self-completed questionnaire survey was performed 1 year after birth among 305 mothers who gave birth to term infants at maternity hospitals in the Hokuriku region. The survey content included : state of infant cries (characteristics of the cry and frequency, occurrence of crying at night, and the period when cries at night were observed), mother s sleeping condition and health condition, status of night feeding, support, feelings of mothers, and period when mothers began to understand the reasons for the infant s cries. In this study, the frequency of maternal distress regarding infant s crying was converted to a score, with higher scores indicating higher levels of distress related to crying. The number of valid responses was 251 (rate of valid response, 82.3%). One hundred eighty-five mothers reported night crying (73.7%), and night crying occurred most often around 6 to 8 months. The period when mothers felt they understood the reasons for the infant s cries was at 7 to 8 months in the majority of cases, and 1 year at the latest. At 1 year after birth, only approximately 20% of mothers reported feelings of distress related to crying. The results indicated that maternal distress associated with child crying is related to nuclear family, presence of someone to talk to about childcare, characteristics of infant s cry, mother s health condition, and mother s feelings toward childcare.ïŒå¹Žå
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ç®ããæ§æãããããããé«ãä¿¡é Œæ§ãšåŠ¥åœæ§ãåŸããããObjectives : The present study was undertaken to develop a scale for assessing the degree of difficulty experienced by mothers when dealing with crying infants and to evaluate its reliability and validity.Methods : 1.Preparing a scale for assessing difficulty dealing with a crying infant2.Conducting a survey using the scale3.Evaluating the reliability and validity of the scaleResults : 1.On the basis of the data obtained by interviewing mothers and from longitudinal surveys conducted while infants were between 1 and 12 months of age, we analyzed the circumstances when mothers felt it was difficult to deal with their children and the factors associated with this difficulty. We then attempted to develop a conceptual framework for assessing the experience of difficulty mothers have when dealing with crying infants. After that, referring to published papers on existing scales related to childcare, we developed a 17-item scale. Each item of the scale was designed to rate the mother\u27s experi ence of difficulty on a four-point scale (Likert\u27s scale).2.A survey using the scale was conducted at 26 obstetric facilities, which had consented to the survey, in the Hokuriku District, Japan. At each facility, mothers of infants receiving a health checkup at age 1 month were studied. Seven hundred copies of the questionnaire were delivered in total. Responses were collected from 441 mothers (63.0%). Responses from 425 mothers (96.4%) were deemed to be valid for evaluation. The correlations were analyzed between each of two of the 17 items and between the score for each item and the total score of all 17 items. Three items for which the coefficient of correlation was below 0.4 in these analyses were discarded, and the remaining 14 items were further analyzed.3.In the factor analysis (principal component analysis, Varimax rotation) of the 14 remaining items, the factor load was below 0.4 for 3 items. After excluding these 3 items, the 11 remaining items were reanalyzed, resulting in the extraction of 2 components with an eigenvalue over 1. The first principal component was composed of 6 items which we named "burdens on mothers when taking care of crying infants." The coefficient of determination was 22.0% for the first principal component and the cumulative coefficient of determination for the first and second components was 41.2%. Cronbach\u27s α coefficient was 0.84. When criterion-related validity was tested, a significant positive correlation with Beck Depression Inventory 2nd Edition (r=0.421, p<0.001) and a significant negative correlation with our own emotional scale (α=0.86 ; r=-0.642, p<0.001).Conclusion : We developed an 11-item scale for assessing the difficulty mothers experience when dealing with crying infants. This scale was found to have quite high reliability and validity.ç 究課é¡/é åçªå·:15592259, ç 究æé(幎床):2003-2004åºå
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Mother\u27s feelings of distress and related factors resulting from the crying of her one-month-old infants
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Mother\u27s feelings of distress and related factors resulting from the crying of her one-month-old infants
The purpose of this study was to clarify the nature of mother\u27s distress and its related factors resulting from the crying of her one-month-old infant. Subjects and Methods The subjects were mothers who delivered children in hospitals/maternity clinics in the Hokuriku district and who gave consent to our survey at the time of health examinations for one-month-old infants. The contents of the questionnaire were: characteristics of the infant\u27s crying, states of mother\u27s sleep, feeding and receiving support related to her distress about her infant and its associated factors. Scores were obtained using a 4-point Likert scale. Results Effective responses were obtained from 630 mothers, who consisted of 298 primiparas (47.3%) and 332 multiparas (52.7%). About 50% of the mothers experienced distress because they felt at a loss when their infant cried and when the infant did not stop crying even when being held or lulled. New mothers who had no experience with infants were more likely to indicate distress. The distress was significantly associated with factors such as the way the infant cried and if the infant failed to fall asleep in a timely way. It also was associated with factors in the mother\u27s life such as feeling burdened with childcare and lack of confidence in childcare. Conclusion In order to support mothers having a one-month-old infant, it is important to pay attention to the characteristics of infant\u27s crying, states of mother\u27s fatigue, mother\u27s expression of depression, and to know how mother comprehends childcare and her infant\u27s crying. For screening to be effective it must include both infant and mother factors. ç®ãç ãçåŸ1 ã¶æå
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Mother\u27s feelings of distress and related factors resulting from the crying of her one-month-old infants
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Experience of mother who have completed natural weaning
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èŠæ§ã瀺åããããThis study was performed to clarify the acceptance of natural weaning and the feelings of mothers who experienced natural weaning. We conducted a semi-structured interview survey with 10 mothers who have experienced natural weaning, developed word-for-word interview records, and analyzed the content by a qualitative and descriptive method. We found similarities in the behaviors of mothers and children at the time of natural weaning and the feelings of mothers after natural weaning. There are three types of natural weaning: 1) the child suddenly does not suckle from the breast; ïŒ) the mother stops breastfeeding triggered by a certain period without breastfeeding; and ïŒ) the frequency of breastfeeding gradually decreases unintentionally, resulting in natural weaning. Some mothers accepted natural weaning without difficulty but others had feelings of unease. Mothers of the former type felt âthe advantage of being free from breastfeeding after completing weaning,â while those of the latter type felt âloneliness due to the loss of the intimate attachment with their children via breastfeeding,â âincomplete because of earlier weaning than expected,â and âregret because the course of ideal weaning did not proceed as plannedâ and they had difficulty in accepting that weaning had occurred. However, these latter mothers gradually accepted that they had completed weaning because they felt âthe advantage of being free from breastfeeding after completing weaningâ and âadmiration of the growth of their children who completed weaning.â During the interview, they still expressed âregret because the course of ideal weaning did not proceed as plannedâ; however, by reviewing the experience from the start to end of breastfeeding, they ârecognized the worthwhile experience of breastfeedingâ and tried to accept their own experience. The results of this study suggested that there is a necessity for mental support of mothers who have difficulty in accepting the experience of weaning
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