Transfusion-related acute lung injury in multiple traumatized patients

Background: Many of the multiple traumatized patients who refer to the hospital need transfusion. Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a serious clinical syndrome associated with the transfusion of plasma-containing blood components. In the article, we present a case of TRALI following transfusion of packed red blood cells Case Presentation: A 24 year old male referred to Shahid Beheshti Hospital due to multiple trauma with left femoral and humerus fractures. Due to severe anemia he received 3 units of packed red blood cells. The symptoms of TRALI began 2 hours after transfusion. He was transferred to intensive care unit (ICU) due to metabolic acidosis and severe hypoxia. The TRALI was confirmed after ruling out the other probable pulmonary diseases. He recovered and was discharged. Conclusion: Transfusion related acute lung injury should be considered in any case receiving transfusion of plasma containing blood components

π-conjugated pyrenoimidazole derivatives: synthesis, spectroscopic and crystallographic studies

This PhD thesis was aimed at the design and synthesis of new functional phenyl-pyrenoimidazole derivatives and the development of these compounds as novel chromophores/uorophores and supramolecular synthons for organic crystal engineering. An efficient and modular one-pot condensation reaction between 4,5-pyrenedione and various benzaldehydes in presence of ammonium acetate and acetic acid was used to prepare all the new phenyl-pyrenoimidazoles investigated in this thesis work. There are three major projects accomplished in this thesis. The first project investigated the properties of two new benzaldehyde-substituted pyrenoimidazoles, in which the electron-withdrawing formyl group is attached to the para and meta position of the phenyl group. These two isomers were characterized by various spectroscopic, X-ray single crystallographic analyses, in conjunction with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The interactions of these two new compound with uoride anions through hydrogen bonds were examined as well, and the results demonstrated the applicability of the para-benzaldehyde substituted pyrenoimidazole as an efficient ratiometric uorescence probe for uoride anion. In the second project, a series of phenyl-pyrenoimidazole substituted with various organic functional groups (including CH₃, Cl, Br, OCH₃, CHO, and NO₂) were synthesized and their structure photophysical property relationships were subsequently studied by UV-Vis absorption and uorescence spectroscopy. Xray crystallographic and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) analyses were undertaken to disclose the interplay of various non-covalent forces that govern the crystal packing of these pyrenoimidazole molecules. The results indicated that the substituent group is an important factor controlling the crystal structural properties, which attests to the possibility of using various phenylpyrenoimidazole derivatives as tunable supramolecular synthons for crystal engineering. In the third project, hydroxyl and alkoxyl-substituted phenyl-pyrenoimidazole derivatives were prepared and investigated for comparative studies of the effects of hydrogen bonding and π - π interactions on their crystallization behaviors. To construct different organic crystals, various aromatic carboxylic acids were used with these pyrenoimidazoles. The resulting crystal structures were analyzed by X-ray crystallography to show the formation of different supramolecular network structures in the solid state. Based on the crystallographic data obtained, Hirshfeld surface analysis and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) calculations were carried out to quantitatively interpret and comprehensively visualize the various intermolecular forces, such as hydrogen bonding, π - π, C-H...π, and H...H interactions, in the pyrenoimidazole crystals and co-crystals

Comparing the effects of vaginal misoprostol, laminaria, and extra amniotic saline infusion on cervical ripening and induction of labor

Objective This study aimed to compare the effects of vaginal misoprostol, laminaria, and extra-amniotic saline infusion (EASI) on cervical ripening. Methods This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 195 women with singleton pregnancies and unripe cervices. Participants were randomly allocated to 3, 65-person groups: a misoprostol, a laminaria, and an EASI group. The interventions in the misoprostol, laminaria, and EASI groups included a single 25-μg vaginal misoprostol suppository, an intracervical laminaria, and a transcervical Foley catheter, respectively. The groups were compared with each other regarding time intervals from labor induction to labor active phase and delivery, cervical dilation, Bishop scores 6 hours after induction, delivery type, length of hospital stay, and complications. Results There were no significant differences among the groups regarding maternal ages, gestational ages, body mass indices, baseline cervical dilations, and Bishop scores (P>0.05). Six hours after induction, the Bishop score and cervical dilation were significantly greater in the EASI group than in the other 2 groups (P<0.001). Moreover, time intervals from labor induction to labor active phase and delivery in the EASI group were significantly short (P<0.001). The rates of cesarean section, fetal distress, placental abruption, and meconium staining in the misoprostol group were significantly high (P<0.05), and the length of hospital stay in the EASI group was significantly short (P<0.001). Conclusion EASI is a safer and more effective method for cervical ripening. Considering its inexpensiveness, easy accessibility, and greater effectiveness, EASI is recommended for cervical ripening. Trial Registration Iranian Center for Clinical Trials Identifier: IRCT20170513033941N39. © 2020 Korean Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy: A case control study

Background: Sleep apnea is temporary cessation or absence of breathing during sleep. Significant increase in blood pressure is clinically seen in apneic episodes. The aim of this study was to examine sleep apnea syndrome as a risk factor for non- arthritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) in a case control study. Methods: Nineteen NAION patients (9 men and 10 women) and 31 age and sex matched control participants (18 men and 13 women) were evaluated for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Full night polysomnography was performed and proportion of OSAS was compared between the NAION patients and the control group. Other risk factors for NAION such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, ischemic heart disease and tobacco consumption were also evaluated. Chi square test and independent samples t-test were used for statistical analysis. Results: OF the 19 NAION patients, 18 (95) had OSAS, and of the control group 13 (41.9) had OSAS. The frequency of OSAS was significantly higher among NAION patients compared to the controls (p < 0.001). The Mean Respiratory Disturbance Index (RDI) was 37.65/h SD = 37.61/h in NAION patients and it was 15.05/h SD = 11.97/h (p = 0.018) in controls. The frequency of diabetes and hypertension was significantly higher in the NAION patients than in controls. Conclusion: based on the results of this study, it seems that there is an association between NAION and OSAS

Safety and Efficacy of MLC601 in Iranian Patients after Stroke: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Objective. To investigate the safety and efficacy of MLC601 (NeuroAid) as a traditional Chinese medicine on motor recovery after ischemic stroke. Methods. This study was a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial on 150 patients with a recent (less than 3 month) ischemic stroke. All patients were given either MLC601 (100 patients) or placebo (50 patients), 4 capsules 3 times a day, as an add-on to standard stroke treatment for 3 months. Results. Sex, age, elapsed time from stroke onset, and risk factors in the treatment group were not significantly different from placebo group at baseline (P > .05). Repeated measures analysis showed that Fugl-Meyer assessment was significantly higher in the treatment group during 12 weeks after stroke (P < .001). Good tolerability to treatment was shown, and adverse events were mild and transient. Conclusion. MLC601 showed better motor recovery than placebo and was safe on top of standard ischemic stroke medications especially in the severe and moderate cases

Quantitative evaluation of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss cultured in brackishwater and freshwater of Yazd province, at the based on muscle

Fish culture has developed in Yazd province of Iran since recent decade and the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss is the most important fisheries product in the area. There is a few information about carcass composition of cultured fish in Iran. Rainbow trout samples were collected from 6 fish brackish and fresh water fish farms of Yazd province during February 2007. Fish muscle samples were freezed in -30 C after being homogenized, till laboratory analyses. Proximate composition of samples contained 17.05-18.53% crude protein, 2.35-5.13% total fat, 1.31-1.7% ash and 74.18-77.05% wet. Saturated fatty acids including palmitic acid (14.06-19.60%), stearic acid (6.44-6.1%), myristic acid (1.29-5.66%) and lauric acid (0.13-2.76), also unsaturated fatty acids oleic (30.24-40.14%) and linoleic (21.18-38.85%) were extracted from muscle tissue of fish of different farms, using GC. Other unsaturated fatty acids including -linolenic acid, EPA and DHA had low concentrations (1-3%) in samples. Vitamin E level was 4.33-94.34 g/100gr. Concentration of minerals in homogenated muscle tissues were as: Na 822.58-1052.78ppm, K 12272.75-13715.25ppm, Ca 104.75-171.03ppm, Fe 19-40ppm, Cu 0.044- 1.01ppb, Zn 7.02-12.47ppb, Cd 0.879-1.099ppb and Cr 1.895-3.86ppb. Heavy metal concentrations were lower than permitted values