Multicultural Psychotherapy Experience: A Grounded Theory Study Among Psychotherapists in Austria

Die Studie analysiert die Psychotherapieerfahrung der multikulturellen Therapeuten mit ihren vielfältigen muslimischen Klienten. In semi-strukturierten Interviews haben sich drei Hauptkategorien herauskristallisiert: 1) Ressourcen des Klienten (Familie, Religion) und des Therapeuten (z.B.  Kenntnisse, Aufsichten); 2) Herausforderungen (im Leben der Klienten, therapeutische Beziehung, Therapieeinstellung und Prozess); 3) Copingstrategien des Therapeuten (z.B.: .. Zeit geben, indirekte Herausforderung, die Vermeidung und Supervision).The study analysed the psychotherapy experience of multicultural therapists with their diverse Muslim clients. From semi-structured interviews three major categories emerged: 1) resources for clients (family, religion) and therapists (e.g. knowledge, supervisions); 2) challenges (in the lives of clients, therapeutic relationship, therapy setting, and process); 3) coping strategies of therapists (e.g. motivating, psycho-educating, providing time and (in)direct challenge).

TRAINING SCHOOL ADMINISTRATIVES AS MENTOR PRINCIPALS

Processing and management of information in the new age is being completed by the schools which are as seen the most important molder of the community, and for managing and maintain this image in the best way of course is the ultimate task of the school administrators. To execute this special task, the training of school administrators has an extreme importance and even recruiting them as school principals also another issue to consider about. However, when the criteria of becoming school principals is analyzed in Turkey, it is observed that there is a huge gap about this situation, whereas present trainings for school principals found not to supply the demand of school administrators. From this point of view, in this study the most popular trainings for school administrators abroad are reviewed, and it is found that mentoring system which is one of the training methods is very effective, thus, a mentor principal training was prepared by education experts and this training was given to 11 school administrators. As a result of this, an experimental study was conducted in order to scrutinize implications of mentor principal training. Two groups of 11 school administrators were chosen through random cluster sampling. Both groups were given a pre-test and a post-test. T-test analysis was done, and results of pre-test and post-test mean scores of the experimental group, which got mentor principal training, were meaningfully different in positive way. Lastly, both the main and the sub-hypotheses of the study were confirmed. Thus, the results provide a theoretical justification for the claims of the training school principals who got this training had positive perceptions through mentoring.  Article visualizations

Dinoflagellate Cyst Biostratigraphy, Palynofacies and Paleoenvironmental Analysis of the Maastrichtian and Basal Danian, Brazon River, Texas

This study aims to document the dinoflagellate cyst biostratigraphy and paleoenvironmental record of the Maastrichtian Neylandville and Corsicana Formations and the lower part of the Danian Kincaid Formation from the Brazos River, Texas. Rock samples are exposed to standard palynological methods for biostratigraphic interpretations. The quantitative data collected from palynological samples are combined with δ13C and δ18O stable isotope geochemistry and TEX86 and BIT Index organic geochemistry data for paleoenvironmental interpretations. Biostratigraphically important species of dinoflagellates divide the section into three intervals. Interval 1 occurs within the Neylandville Formation, and the presence of Alterbidinium acutulum, Xenascus ceratioides and Isabelidinium cooksoniae indicate that this interval is not younger than early Maastrichtian. Interval 2 represents the Corsicana Formation. The presence of the late Maastrichtian species Disphaerogena carposphaeropsis, Palynodinium grallator and Deflandrea galeata at the base of the Corsicana Formation indicate that this interval is of late Maastrichtian age. Interval 3 occurs within the Kincaid Formation. The presence of Carpetalla cornuta and Damassadinium californicum at the base of the Kincaid Formation indicates that this interval is of Danian age. Previously published Gulf of Mexico palynology studies, as well as planktonic foraminifera and nannoplankton data confirm the age assignments of the studied interval. Dinoflagellate species assemblages increase in diversity upwards from Interval 1 to Interval 2, and then show a small decrease above the K-Pg boundary within Interval 3, indicating that the K-Pg event was not catastrophic for the dinoflagellates. The Cerodinium spp. and Spiniferites spp. complex comprise a large proportion of the species within the section. High abundance peaks of Glaphyrocysta spp., Cribroperidinium spp., and Yolkinigymnium lanceolatum occur within Interval 2. Two intervals in the section are dominated by peridinioid dinoflagellates, measured by the Peridinioid/Gonyaulacoid (P/G) ratio. The first one occurs within Interval 2 and contains peaks of the P/G ratio that correlate with increases in δ13C, suggestive of an increase in paleoproductivity. Two more peaks occur within Interval 3. Bottom water δ18O temperatures determined from benthic foraminifera and sea surface temperatures determined from TEX86 organic geochemistry show an overall cooling trend from Early Maastrichtian to the K-Pg boundary

Subject-verb agreement dependency in Turkish Broca's aphasia:impairments in event occurrence and consequences for discourse-linking

Background: Inflecting the verb for agreement requires an intact discourse-semantic ability in addition to that for morphosyntax, since the use of person involves a link between the participants in the speech act and the morphosyntactic expression of this feature. Unlike the first person (the Speaker), the second person (the Addressee) requires additional discourse processing, termed "discourse-linking". Individuals with Broca's aphasia may have impaired discourse-linking, which may affect their ability to process second person pronouns and produce verb morphology for the second person. Aims: This study investigated whether the discourse-linking involved in processing second person pronouns contributes to sentence production deficits in Broca's aphasia. Methods & Procedures: The sample consisted of 16 Turkish individuals with Broca's aphasia (mean age: 54.8 years; SD: 14.0) who were matched in age with a control group of 16 neurologically intact Turkish individuals (mean age: 54.9; SD: 13.1). Each group completed a language task with first and second person singular or plural agreement conditions. Target agreement morphology was elicited using sentence-initial first and second person singular or plural pronouns. The plural (reference to a group) has a more complex discourse-representation than the singular (reference to an individual). Outcomes & Results: The group of individuals with Broca's aphasia showed the following production hierarchy: first person singular (highest accuracy rate) > first person plural > second person singular > second person plural (lowest accuracy rate). There was no discrepancy between test conditions for the control group. Conclusions: The discourse-linking involved in processing second person pronouns contributes to sentence production deficits and this deficit is exacerbated by plurality in Broca's aphasia. We suggest that cognitive-semantic intervention which focusses on the broader underlying impairment in deciphering event occurrence features (participant-time-location) could improve the use of the second person and other discourse-linked constructions (e.g., past time reference, object pronouns) which are selectively affected in Broca's aphasia

Okul Yöneticilerinin İnsancıl Yeterlikleri

This study aimed to clarify the humanity level, one of the qualifications of school principals who work in elementary schools. The research is in the model of case study, one of the qualitative research methods. Study group consisted of school principals and teachers who worked at elementary schools in Gaziantep. Study group was derived through purposeful sample methods as maximum variety samples. Data were gathered by semi-structured interview technique. Whilst analyzing the data, descriptive and content analyzing techniques were used which are commonly used in qualitative analyses. In this research, it was found that in-company communication, taking care of team work, enhancing staff motivation, taking care of the expectations and demands of the staff, defining the standards for evaluating company staff, and about the attitudes of school principals towards participation in school management are generally compatible with humanist qualification indicatorsBu araştırmada,  ilköğretim okullarında görev yapan yöneticilerinin sahip olması gereken yeterliklerden birisi olan insancıl yeterlik düzeylerini ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması modelindedir. Çalışma grubunu Gaziantep merkez ilçelerinde görev yapan ilköğretim okul yöneticileri ve öğretmenleri oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubu,  amaçlı örneklem seçim yöntemlerinden maksimum çeşitlilik örneklemesine göre belirlenmiştir. Veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde ise nitel araştırma analizlerinde kullanılan içerik analizi yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Bu araştırmada kurum içi iletişim, ekip çalışmasını önemseme, çalışan motivasyonunu arttırma, çalışanların istek ve beklentilerini önemseme, kurum çalışanlarını değerlendirme ölçütlerini belirleme ve kurum çalışanlarının yönetime katılmaları konusunda okul yöneticilerinin tutumlarının insancıl yeterlik göstergeleri ile genel anlamda uyumlu olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır