Dependency Grammar Induction with Neural Lexicalization and Big Training Data

We study the impact of big models (in terms of the degree of lexicalization) and big data (in terms of the training corpus size) on dependency grammar induction. We experimented with L-DMV, a lexicalized version of Dependency Model with Valence and L-NDMV, our lexicalized extension of the Neural Dependency Model with Valence. We find that L-DMV only benefits from very small degrees of lexicalization and moderate sizes of training corpora. L-NDMV can benefit from big training data and lexicalization of greater degrees, especially when enhanced with good model initialization, and it achieves a result that is competitive with the current state-of-the-art.Comment: EMNLP 201

Analysis of the flow structure and reattachment over accelerating non-slender delta-wing planforms

Delta wings are triangular-shaped lifting surfaces, and in past decades, they have been found to have important applications in maneuvering combat aircraft and supersonic aircraft. Slender, or high swept, delta wings have been widely studied in early investigations since they suffer less wave drag in supersonic environments. Recently, however, with more and more low-aspect ratio wing applications on UCAVs (Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles) and MAVs (Micro Air Vehicles), non-slender delta wing configurations (low-sweep angle) begin to raise interest. The collaborative investigation of flow coherent structure, suction side surface pressure, and aerodynamic forces of non-slender delta wings presented here provides critical insight for effective flow-control development, especially for non-slender delta wings at high angles of attack, or encountering unsteady aerodynamic or atmospheric phenomena. As a baseline for studying non-slender delta wings under axial or vertical acceleration, experiments of steady translation with fixed wings under multiple angles of attack were conducted both in the Center of Excellence at Syracuse University at Re ≈ 20, 000, and in the OTTER lab at Queen’s University at Re ≈ 300, 000. According to the comparison of experimental results from both labs, 3D reconstruction of the flow field exhibits the tendency a \u27\u27conical flow structure departing the wing surface at high angles of attack, and the flow fully stalling. Force measurements confirmed the static stall angle for both tested Lambda = 45-deg non-slender delta wings in two groups. Similar lift and drag behavior is observed for two non-slender delta wings at Re of 20,000 and 300,000. For the collaborative project, table 3.1, table 4.1 and table 5.1 give detailed information of experimental datasets and corresponding sections in each chapter. Chapters based on collaborator’s experimental results comprise data analysis conducted in the Green Fluid Dynamics Lab. Axial and vertical accelerated translation experiments were conducted at pre- and post-stall angles of attack in the OTTER lab by that research group. FTLE analysis of this data, and its comparison with surface pressure and aerodynamic forces, were conducted in the Green Fluid Dynamics Lab in the Syracuse University. Sufficiently strong axial accelerations are shown to enable reattachment at the post-stall angle of attack. Meanwhile, the surface pressure distribution reveals a high pressure region created by the axial acceleration, whose motion from leading edge to trailing edge can be indicated by the topology change of nFTLE ridges. This reveals a direct connection of the kinematics (FTLE scalar field) to the aerodynamic performance (surface pressure). The high pressure is followed by a strong leading edge suction, which further confirms the establishment of flow reattachment at the leading edge. The motion of the high pressure region also potentially causes the coefficient of pitching moment to fluctuate under certain circumstances. Hence, the axial acceleration also brings challenge for the flow control along with the increased lift. With a limited magnitude, the tested vertical acceleration does not contribute to a clear flow reattachment. However, it induces more rolled-up coherent structures in the leading edge shear layer. The surface pressure distribution on the suction side exhibits no obvious evolution through the tested vertical acceleration

物理気相成長を用いた高品質3次元トポロジカル絶縁体Bi2-xSbxTe3-ySey薄膜の育成とトポロジカルp-n接合の作製

Tohoku University大串研也課

Associations between Aquaglyceroporin Gene Polymorphisms and Risk of Stroke among Patients with Hypertension

Background: Dysregulations ofAQP7andAQP9were found to be related to lipid metabolism abnormality, which had been provento be one of the mechanisms of stroke. However, limited epidemiological studies explore the associations betweenAQP7andAQP9and the risk of stroke among patients with hypertension in China. Aims: We aimed to investigate the associations between genetic variants in AQP7andAQP9and the risk of stroke among patients with hypertension, as well as to explore gene-gene andgene-environment interactions. Methods: Baseline blood samples were drawn from 211 cases with stroke and 633 matched controls. Genomic DNA was extracted by a commercially available kit. Genotyping of 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in AQP7 (rs2989924, rs3758269, and rs2542743) and AQP9 (rs57139208, rs16939881) was performed by the polymerase chain reaction assay with TaqMan probes. Results: Participants with the rs2989924 GG genotype were found to be with a 1.74-fold increased risk of stroke compared to those with the AA+AG genotype, and this association remained significant after adjustment for potential confounders (odds ratio (OR): 1.74, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23-2.46). The SNP rs3758269 CC+TT genotype was found to be with a 33% decreased risk of stroke after multivariate adjustment (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.45-0.99) compared to the rs3758269 CC genotype. The significantly increased risk of stroke was prominent among males, patients aged 60 or above, and participants who were overweight and with a harbored genetic variant in SNP rs2989924. After adjusting potential confounders, the SNP rs3758269 CT+TT genotype was found to be significantly associated with a decreased risk of stroke compared to the CC genotype among participants younger than 60 years old or overweight. No statistically significant associations were observed between genotypes of rs2542743, rs57139208, or rs16939881 with the risk of stroke. Neither interactions nor linkage disequilibrium had been observed in this study. Conclusions: This study suggests that SNPs rs2989924 and rs3758269 are associated with the risk of stroke among patients with hypertension, while there were no statistically significant associations between rs2542743, rs57139208, and rs16939881 and the risk of stroke being observed

Snyder's Model -- de Sitter Special Relativity Duality and de Sitter Gravity

Between Snyder's quantized space-time model in de Sitter space of momenta and the \dS special relativity on \dS-spacetime of radius $R$ with Beltrami coordinates, there is a one-to-one dual correspondence supported by a minimum uncertainty-like argument. Together with Planck length $\ell_P$, $R\simeq (3/\Lambda)^{1/2}$ should be a fundamental constant. They lead to a dimensionless constant $g{\sim\ell_PR^{-1}}=(G\hbar c^{-3}\Lambda/3)^{1/2}\sim 10^{-61}$. These indicate that physics at these two scales should be dual to each other and there is in-between gravity of local \dS-invariance characterized by $g$. A simple model of \dS-gravity with a gauge-like action on umbilical manifolds may show these characters. It can pass the observation tests and support the duality.Comment: 32 page