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Abstract P. P. C. that stands for "Progressive Patient Care" consists of the following six elements. 1) Intensive Care Unit 2) Intermediate Care Unit 3) Self Care Unit 4) Long-time Care Unit 5) Home Care 6) Out Patient Care The concept of P. P. C. was developed and introduced to all over the world in 1960 s, as the most, advanced medical method in a patient-care field. Since then, it has shown a remarkable increase in its application and employment at hospitals and clinics in Japan after the revision of [TOKUSANRUI]. The concept of P. P. C. is, as stated before, based on and designed for patients\u27 need so that it has given a great change in clinical nursing area where mind-centered medical treatment had been major one, and now it has shifted to muman-centered medical treatment. The new carriculum that was revised has its foudation to the understanding and getting inside the mind of patients. Therefore, in an area of clinical nursing, it is also cnsidered appropriate to employ P. P. C. concept in my lecture given to students. As a result of the employment of P. P. C. concept, I have gotten an impression and the feeling that "the way we understand patients based on the progresses of their own diseases, and the way systematical nursing care should be" was more clearly understood and perceived by students than before. So, hereby I find it meaningfui and necessary to report to you

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平成2年の開学と同時に新カリキュラムに基づいた教育が開始され,試行錯誤を繰り返しながら現在に至っている。平成5年に完成年度を迎え,学生が短大生活全般においてどのようなニーズを持っているのかを把握する必要性を感じ,在学生の短大生活と適応に焦点を当てて,全学年に対し実態調査を実施した。その結果,「1年生は,学習を含めて何事に対しても積極的・意欲的に取り組もうという向上心が強く,学生生活に期待するものも多く適応行動がみられる。2年生は,学生生活全般に適応してきているものの,今まで以上の変化を求めようとする意欲が低下している。3年生は,学生生活における充実感・満足感を得るために,何事に対しても積極的に取り組みたい気持ちがある反面,長期間に及ぶ臨地実習のため,精神的・肉体的なゆとりが持てず不満が強い。」という傾向が認められた

In Vitro Studies to Define the Cell-Surface and Intracellular Targets of Polyarginine-Conjugated Sodium Borocaptate as a Potential Delivery Agent for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) requires pharmaceutical innovations and molecular-based evidence of effectiveness to become a standard cancer therapeutic in the future. Recently, in Japan, 4-borono-L-phenylalanine (BPA) was approved as a boron agent for BNCT against head and neck (H&N) cancers. H&N cancer appears to be a suitable target for BPA-BNCT, because the expression levels of L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1), one of the amino acid transporters responsible for BPA uptake, are elevated in most cases of H&N cancer. However, in other types of cancer including malignant brain tumors, LAT1 is not always highly expressed. To expand the possibility of BNCT for these cases, we previously developed poly-arginine peptide (polyR)-conjugated mercaptoundecahydrododecaborate (BSH). PolyR confers the cell membrane permeability and tumor selectivity of BSH. However, the molecular determinants for the properties are not fully understood. In this present study, we have identified the cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) protein and translational machinery proteins as a major cell surface target and intracellular targets of BSH-polyR, respectively. CD44, also known as a stem cell-associated maker in various types of cancer, is required for the cellular uptake of polyR-conjugated molecules. We showed that BSH-polyR was predominantly delivered to a CD44(High) cell population of cancer cells. Once delivered, BSH-polyR interacted with the translational machinery components, including the initiation factors, termination factors, and poly(A)-biding protein (PABP). As a proof of principle, we performed BSH-polyR-based BNCT against glioma stem-like cells and revealed that BSH-polyR successfully induced BNCT-dependent cell death specifically in CD44(High) cells. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that BSH-polyR would be suitable for certain types of malignant tumors. Our results shed light on the biochemical properties of BSH-polyR, which may further contribute to the therapeutic optimization of BSH-BNCT in the future

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基礎看護学は,看護学の導入部であり,各看護学に発展・応用されるための基礎として身につけられるよう教授してきた。しかし,基礎看護学実習IIが2年次後期の実施であったため,カリキュラムの進度上学生に混乱を招いていた。そこで,今年度の新カリキュラムの開始に伴い,各看護学との調整を図り,1年次に基礎看護学を位置付け実施した。中でも基礎看護学実習IIは,基礎看護学の最終段階で各看護学への移行時期にあり,実習での学習の成果がその後の学習に反映されていく。そのため,旧カリキュラムと新カリキュラムで実施した学生の学びについて把握する必要性を感じ,基礎看護学実習[終了後の学生のレポートを比較検討した。その結果,知識や経験の差が学びの違いとなって現れていたが,1年生では学内で行っている学習と臨床実習との関連が認識され,これまでの学習姿勢を振り返り,今後の学習意欲につながっていた。そして,経験の乏しい中からも看護の役割を考え,看護する事の喜びを感じ,看護する者として様々な人々の生き方や生きる姿勢を学ぶことが必要だと感じることができていた

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The practice elements of basic nursing education program area : 1. To train nursing students to better cmmunicate and empathize with their patients. 2. To train nursing students to provide the patient\u27s basic human needs. 3. To train nursing students to understand the patient holistically (physisally, mentally, and socially) and to answer questions regarding the whole process of birth, aging, illness and death. It is important that the above curriculum be given step by step throughout the 2 years of their education. We conducted a study on number I above. The paper will deal with the basic cncept of \u27Communication Practice\u27 introduction and its effectiveness

Search for gravitational-lensing signatures in the full third observing run of the LIGO-Virgo network

Gravitational lensing by massive objects along the line of sight to the source causes distortions of gravitational wave-signals; such distortions may reveal information about fundamental physics, cosmology and astrophysics. In this work, we have extended the search for lensing signatures to all binary black hole events from the third observing run of the LIGO--Virgo network. We search for repeated signals from strong lensing by 1) performing targeted searches for subthreshold signals, 2) calculating the degree of overlap amongst the intrinsic parameters and sky location of pairs of signals, 3) comparing the similarities of the spectrograms amongst pairs of signals, and 4) performing dual-signal Bayesian analysis that takes into account selection effects and astrophysical knowledge. We also search for distortions to the gravitational waveform caused by 1) frequency-independent phase shifts in strongly lensed images, and 2) frequency-dependent modulation of the amplitude and phase due to point masses. None of these searches yields significant evidence for lensing. Finally, we use the non-detection of gravitational-wave lensing to constrain the lensing rate based on the latest merger-rate estimates and the fraction of dark matter composed of compact objects

Search for eccentric black hole coalescences during the third observing run of LIGO and Virgo

Despite the growing number of confident binary black hole coalescences observed through gravitational waves so far, the astrophysical origin of these binaries remains uncertain. Orbital eccentricity is one of the clearest tracers of binary formation channels. Identifying binary eccentricity, however, remains challenging due to the limited availability of gravitational waveforms that include effects of eccentricity. Here, we present observational results for a waveform-independent search sensitive to eccentric black hole coalescences, covering the third observing run (O3) of the LIGO and Virgo detectors. We identified no new high-significance candidates beyond those that were already identified with searches focusing on quasi-circular binaries. We determine the sensitivity of our search to high-mass (total mass M>70 M⊙) binaries covering eccentricities up to 0.3 at 15 Hz orbital frequency, and use this to compare model predictions to search results. Assuming all detections are indeed quasi-circular, for our fiducial population model, we place an upper limit for the merger rate density of high-mass binaries with eccentricities 0<e≤0.3 at 0.33 Gpc−3 yr−1 at 90\% confidence level

Ultralight vector dark matter search using data from the KAGRA O3GK run

Among the various candidates for dark matter (DM), ultralight vector DM can be probed by laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors through the measurement of oscillating length changes in the arm cavities. In this context, KAGRA has a unique feature due to differing compositions of its mirrors, enhancing the signal of vector DM in the length change in the auxiliary channels. Here we present the result of a search for U(1)B−L gauge boson DM using the KAGRA data from auxiliary length channels during the first joint observation run together with GEO600. By applying our search pipeline, which takes into account the stochastic nature of ultralight DM, upper bounds on the coupling strength between the U(1)B−L gauge boson and ordinary matter are obtained for a range of DM masses. While our constraints are less stringent than those derived from previous experiments, this study demonstrates the applicability of our method to the lower-mass vector DM search, which is made difficult in this measurement by the short observation time compared to the auto-correlation time scale of DM