Inflammation markers in healthy and periodontitis patients: a preliminary data screening

Advances in diagnostic research are moving towards methods whereby the periodontal risk can be identified and quantified by objective measures using biomarkers. Patients with periodontitis may have elevated circulating levels of specific inflammatory markers that can be correlated to the severity of the disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether differences in the serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers are differentially expressed in healthy and periodontitis patients. Twenty-five patients (8 healthy patients and 17 chronic periodontitis patients) were enrolled in the study. A 15 mL blood sample was used for identification of the inflammatory markers, with a human inflammatory flow cytometry multiplex assay. Among 24 assessed cytokines, only 3 (RANTES, MIG and Eotaxin) were statistically different between groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, some of the selected markers of inflammation are differentially expressed in healthy and periodontitis patients. Cytokine profile analysis may be further explored to distinguish the periodontitis patients from the ones free of disease and also to be used as a measure of risk. The present data, however, are limited and larger sample size studies are required to validate the findings of the specific biomarkers.Avanços no diagnóstico da doença periodontal levam a métodos nos quais o risco e atividade da doença periodontal podem ser identificados e quantificados por biomarcadores. Pacientes com periodontite podem apresentar elevados níveis circulatórios de marcadores inflamatórios específicos que podem ser correlacionados com a severidade da doença. Portanto, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar as diferenças nos níveis séricos de biomarcadores inflamatórios em pacientes saudáveis e com doença periodontal. Foram incluídos no estudo 25 pacientes (8 saudáveis e 17 com periodontite crônica). Uma amostra de 15 mL de sangue foi obtida para identificar os marcadores inflamatórios simultaneamente utilizando Array de proteínas através de citometria de fluxo. De 24 citocinas inflamatórias analisadas, apenas 3 (RANTES, MIG e Eotaxina) apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p<0,05) entre os dois grupos. Conclui-se que alguns marcadores inflamatórios selecionados apresentam diferença de concentração em pacientes com periodontite e saudáveis. A análise do perfil de citocinas pode ser utilizada tanto para distinguir pacientes periodontais de pacientes saudáveis, como para medir o risco à doença. Contudo, mais estudos com número maior de amostras são necessários para validar os achados sobre os biomarcadores específicos.FAPESPCNP

Intraocular Plasmablastic Lymphoma in a HIV Patient

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare B-cell lymphoma occurring mainly in HIV patients. The tumor frequently involves extranodal sites such as the oral cavity, nasal cavity, gastrointestinal tract, skin, and lungs. The neoplastic cells are characterized by a plasmablastic appearance and typical immunophenotype that indicates plasma cell differentiation. Herein, we report a case of intraocular involvement by plasmablastic lymphoma in a HIV patient with a long history of cytomegalovirus retinitis and loss of vision. After an evisceration performed to control the blind, painful eye a diagnosis of PBL was made by examining the eye contents. Two months later, a biopsy of cervical lymph node revealed nodal lymphoma of the same type. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case of intraocular PBL reported in English literature

Nucleotide sequence alignement of the 5 non coding and structural protein regions of the genome of flaviviruses

In this work, it was comparatively analyzed the nucleotide sequences of the genes of the structural proteins C, prM and E of 21 flaviviruses, also including, the 5' non codifier area of the genome. The software DNAsis (Hitachi, Japan) was used for the analysis and a phylogenetic tree of the viruses was built, after the alignment of the nucleotide sequences. In the phylogenetic tree an initial ramification separated the viruses transmitted by ticks of those transmitted by mosquitoes. Also 3 different branches of the phylogenetic tree assembled the dengue viruses, the yellow fever viruses, and the Japanese encephalitis viruses. An evident relationship was observed between the phylogenetic tree and the subgroups and types known on the basis of antigenic relationship.Neste trabalho, analisaram-se comparativamente as seqüências de nucleotídios dos genes das proteínas estruturais C, prM e E de todos os Flavivirus, incluindo, também, a região 5’ não codificadora, de 21 Flavivirus. Utilizou-se para a análise o programa de microcomputador DNAsis (Hitachi, Japão) e construiu-se uma árvore filogenética, incluindo os vinte e um (21) vírus, após alinhamento de suas seqüências de nucleotídios. Na árvore filogenética obtida, observou-se uma ramificação inicial, separando os vírus transmitidos por carrapatos daqueles transmitidos por mosquitos. Também, agruparam-se, em diferentes ramos, os vírus do dengue, os da febre amarela, e os da encefalite japonesa. Observou-se uma evidente relação entre a árvore filogenética e os subgrupos e tipos virais, reconhecidos com base em relacionamento antigênico