Aqueous humor proteome of primary open angle glaucoma: A combined dataset of mass spectrometry studies

Analysis of the proteins of the aqueous humor can help to elucidate the complex pathogenesis of primary open angle glaucoma. Thanks to advances in liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) it is now possible to identify hundreds of proteins in individual aqueous humor samples without the need to pool samples. We performed a systematic literature search to find publications that performed LC-MS/MS on aqueous humor samples of glaucoma patients and of non-glaucomatous controls. Of the seven publications that we found, we obtained the raw data of three publications. These three studies used glaucoma patients that were clinically similar (i.e. undergoing glaucoma filtration surgery) which prompted us to reanalyse and combine their data. Raw data of each study were analysed separately with the latest version of MaxQuant (version v1.6.11.0). Outcome files were exported to Microsoft Excel. Samples belonging to the same patient were averaged to obtain peptide expression values per individual. We compared the overlap of identified proteins using the VLOOKUP function of Excel and a publicly available Venn diagram software. For the peptide sequences that can belong to multiple proteins (usually of the same protein family), we initially included all possibly identified proteins. This ensured that we would not miss a potential overlap between the studies due to differences in identified peptide counts. Next, of those peptides of which we compared multiple proteins, only one unique protein was included in our analysis i.e. either the protein overlapping bet

Effects of dietary supplementation with epidermal growth factor-expressing Saccharomyces cerevisiae on duodenal development in weaned piglets

The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of dietary supplementation with epidermal growth factor (EGF)-expressing Saccharomyces cerevisiae on duodenal development in weaned piglets. In total, forty piglets weaned at 21–26 d of age were assigned to one of the five groups that were provided basic diet (control group) or diet supplemented with S. cerevisiae expressing either empty-vector (INVSc1(EV) group), tagged EGF (T-EGF) (INVSc1-TE(−) group), extracellular EGF (EE-EGF) (INVSc1-EE(+) group) or intracellular EGF (IE-EGF) (INVSc1-IE(+) group). All treatments were delivered as 60·00 μg/kg body weight EGF/d. On 0, 7, 14 and 21 d, eight piglets per treatment were sacrificed to analyse the morphology, activities and mRNA expressions of digestive enzymes, as well as Ig levels (IgA, IgM, IgG) in duodenal mucosa. The results showed significant improvement on 7, 14 and 21 d, with respect to average daily gain (P<0·05), mucosa morphology (villus height and crypt depth) (P<0·05), Ig levels (P<0·01), activities and mRNA expressions of digestive enzymes (creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and sucrase) (P<0·05) and the mRNA expression of EGF-receptor (P<0·01) in NVSc1-TE(−), INVSc1-EE(+) and INVSc1-IE(+) groups compared with control and INVSc1(EV) groups. In addition, a trend was observed in which the INVSc1-IE(+) group showed an improvement in Ig levels (0·05<P<0·10), mRNA expressions of digestive enzymes and EGF-receptor (P<0·05) compared with NVSc1-TE(−) and INVSc1-EE(+) groups. These results indicate that supplementing recombinant EGF-expressing S. cerevisiae to the diet of weaned piglets enhanced duodenal development. Moreover, biological activity (Ig levels, mRNA expressions of digestive enzymes and EGF-receptor) of IE-EGF was better than either EE-EGF or T-EGF