Actualities in logistics and transport

The increasing flow of commodities represents a fundamental component of the actual changes within the economic systems at global, regional and local frameworks. It must be pointed that these changes have not a quantity substance only, but at the same time, a structural and an operational one. The structural changes refer in the essence to the production systems and the operational ones to the transport systems and, compulsory, to the distribution. So, being given this situation, the essential problem is not the origin and the destination of the freight flow, but the way of displacement. New distribution systems appear simultaneously with the production systems, a fact bringing in front the logistics field and freight forwarding.logistics services, ICT - Information and Communication Technologies, 3PL - third-party logistics providers

CONSIDERATII PRIVIND PARTAJUL VALORII ADĂUGATE

Distribution of added value between participants in performance is a topic of constant up todate. Relative equity share in added value - between the company and its key partners -employees and shareholders is a factor of good governance for the company, balance andsocial progress. Distribution of added value is more or less equitable depending on thedifferent wage negotiation models of corporate governance. In case of trade unionmonopol, according to the "stakeholder value" model, the annual incremental growthtargets the employees. Conversely, in the situation of the "shareholder value" model , theshareholders are targeted and favored against the employees, creditors and consumers. Theeffective distribution model ensures performance for business, and offers fair andconsiderable benefits to all partners

The importance of reverse logistics for retail activity

Reverse logistics (RL) refers to a set of programs or competencies aimed at moving products in the reverse direction in the supply chain (i.e., from consumer to producer). It entails more than the mere re-use of containers and the recycling of packaging materials. It is the process of moving a product from the point of consumption to another point for the purpose of recapturing the remaining value, or for the eventual proper disposal of the product. The state of development of RL is analogous to that of inbound logistics between 10 and 20 years ago. The scope of RL has, since, expanded from service parts management to include other areas and has attracted significant attention of a great majority of companies. The reverse logistics process can generate periodic negative cash flows that are difficult to predict and account for, but are important when managing retailer liquidity. Uncertainties surrounding reverse logistics create the possibility that the retailer may be strained in meeting short-run financial obligations or opportunities.reverse logistics, retail activity, product recovery, network design, liquidity

Water companies in Europe 2007

The paper reviews the international companies operating in the water sector in Europe and recent trends in patterns of ownership

Guide of principles in main dog and cat skin’s afections topical aplications

The report is an attempt to remember of the updated general principles in the main dermatologic affects topical applications’ in in dog and cat. Initially are presented: general principles about drug topic formulation’s application, with the describing of skin’s anatomical bases and functions, active substance’s physic-chemicalproprieties, factors that affects transdermal passage, methods of transdermal amplification. Also are presented: characteristics of dog and cat’s skin, skin’s specific vascularisation, ecology and histochemy. In the last chapter are presented the main known dermatologic entities in dog and cat

Diabetes mellitus in dogs and cats: diagnosis and therapy

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease of humans and animals, which causes increased levels of blood sugar (glucose). Normally,glucose is brought into the cells by a hormone - insulin.The cells then metabolize glucose to make energy used for all functions of the body. Animals suffering from DM either lack insulin, or the cells cannotuse the insulin that is there. As a result, blood glucose levels increase, and the cells have to use other substances for energy. When blood glucose levels become too high, glucose is found in the urine, causing increased frequency of urination and increased drinking. When blood glucose remains elevated over a period of time, other metabolic changes can occur, such as weight loss, acidosis, seizures, coma, blindness, cataracts, and nerve damage. Animals that are eating normally and not showing signs of illness may only require a blood or urine test to diagnose DM. Concurrent diseases (such as infection, Cushing’s disease, hyperthyroidism, pancreatitis, gastroenteritis, inflammatory bowel disease, hepatic lipidosis, or kidney disease) make diabetes more difficult to diagnose and manage. A complete blood screen and other specific tests may be recommended to obtain the diagnosis and baseline values for treatment and future monitoring. The treatment for diabetes in dogs is similar to the treatment for diabetes in humans, through diet and insulin therapy. Dogs and cats with DM are usually treated with insulin. Insulin is a protein and, as such, not suitable for oral administration. Thus, it is administered once or several times daily by the subcutaneous route. Adjustment of the blood glucose concentration demands long hospital care, and subsequently the owner constantly has to keep a strict schedule at home. In veterinary practice the main groups of oral antidiabetic (used in human medicine either) are: carbohydrate absorption inhibitors (e.g. acarbose); insulin sensitisers (biguanides such as metformin, thiazolidinedions, peroxisome proliferator-activated gamma receptor agonists)

Balassa-Samuelson effect in Romania

This paper deals with the Balassa-Samuelson effect in Romania. Using the cointegration technique, the main conclusions of the paper are that in the period 1998-2006 the average annual rate of inflation generated by the Balassa-Samuelson effect in Romania was between 0.11% in 2005 and 0.9% in 2000 in the case of the classical model (0.4% on average); in the extended model, which is considered more appropriate by us, the impact on inflation is higher and ranges between 0.69% in 2005 and 4.76% in 2000 (2.18% on average in 1998-2006). Regarding the impact of the Balassa-Samuelson effect on the real appreciation of the exchange rate, the results of the paper revealed that the real appreciation of the exchange rate due to the Balassa-Samuelson effect was between 0.24% and 1.94% in the case of the classical model and between 0.73% and 5.06% in the case of the extended model (2.31% on average in 1998-2006). The paper revealed also that the regulated prices and the price convergence play an important role in the Balassa-Samuelson effect in Romania.Balassa-Samuelson effect, convergence, relative prices, regulated prices