Митоинхибиращ и кластогенен ефект на води от антропогенно повлияни зони

The present study aims to analyse the effect of waters, anthropogenically influenced by various pollutants, on the mitotic division and chromosomal apparatus of cells by establishing their potential mitoinhibitory and clastogenic effect. The cytotoxic and mutagenic effect of contaminated water was examined by the application of the Allium cepa test system. Mitotic depression has been established for samples with available anthropogenic contamination. Microscopic analysis showed an increased incidence of chromosomal aberrations in the test samples compared to the control, resulting from the genotoxic effect available. Chromosomal abnormalities of the type of lagging and ‘vagrant’ chromosomes, chromosomal fragments, anaphase and telophase bridges, micronuclei, as well as deviations from normal cell division such as K-mitoses and asynchronous mitoses have been observed. The analysis of the spectrum of chromosomal aberrations shows some differences in the frequency of occurrence of the different types of disorders, which reflects the specificity of the genotoxic effect of the water samples from the surveyed areas.Настоящото проучване има за цел да анализира влиянието на антропогенно повлияни от различни замърсители води върху митотичното делене и хромозомния апарат на клетките чрез установяване на потенциалния им митоинхибиращ и кластогенен ефект Чрез прилагане на Allium cepa тест-системата е проучено цитотоксичното и мутагенното действие на замърсените води. Констатирана е митотична депресия за пробите с налично антропогенно замърсяване. Микроскопският анализ показва увеличена честота на хромозомните аберации в опитните проби в сравнение с контролната, което е резултат от наличен генотоксичен ефект. Констатирани са хромозомни аномалии от типа на изоставащи и „скитащи” хромозоми, хромозомни фрагменти, анафазни и телофазни мостове, микроядра, както и отклонения от нормалното клетъчно делене като К-митози и асинхронни митози. Анализът на спектъра на хромозомните аберации показва известни различия в честотата на срещане на отделните типове нарушения, което отразява спецификата на генотоксичното действие на водните проби от проучваните зони

Inter- and intra-population genetic variability of introduced silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) strains raised in Bulgaria

The genetic variability of four populations belonging to two introduced silkworm strains (Bombyx mori L.) of various origins has been studied using isoenzymic analysis of six enzyme systems. Nonspecific esterases, phosphoglucomutase, malate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and hexokinase from different tissue of larvae 5th instar have been analysed using PAGE. Polymorphism in six from a total of nine loci has been found. Inter- and intra-population differences have been ascertained expressed in different allele composition of the gene pool and different frequencies of alleles. A higher degree of inter-population variability has been reported on the acid phosphatase and a lower one – on the phosphoglucomutase

Allozyme genetic polymorphism in Bulgarian honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) populations from the south-eastern part of the Rhodopes

Allozyme genetic polymorphism in Bulgarian honey bee populations from four different locations in the south-eastern part of the Rhodopes Mountain was studied on six enzymic systems (MDH, ME, EST, ALP, PGM and HK) corresponding to six genetic loci. Allozyme analysis revealed that all studied loci were polymorphic in almost all investigated populations. The observed heterozygosity was found to range from 0.110 to 0.208 and Nei's genetic distance – between 0.016 and 0.061 among the studied populations. These honey bee populations were clustered in two groups in the UPGMA dendrogram. The Tihomir population was in a separate clade while other three populations (Kardzhali, Krumovgrad and Dolni Yurutci) were grouped together