The Impact of Rural Saving and Credit Cooperative on Multidimensional Poverty Status: Evidence from Rular Households in Awabel District, Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Multidimensional poverty is the problem of every country in the world; hence, it needs the attention of policy makers and various development actors like cooperatives. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of saving and credit cooperative financial service on multidimensional poverty status of rural household in Awabel district. The specific objectives of the study is to examine the impact of saving and credit cooperative financial service on multidimensional poverty status of rural households, to identify determinants of multidimensional poverty status of rural households, to identify the dimension of household poverty affected by saving and credit cooperatives financial services. The study adopts a cross sectional, and quantitative research design. The target population was 4,675 actively registered RuSACCO members’ households. The sample size was a total of 380 i.e190 members as a treated group and 190 nonmembers as counterfactual obtained through multi-stage sampling techniques .The data is primary data collected through household survey.For data analysis firstly, binary logit models is used to identify the determinants of multidimensional poverty status of rural households; and the finding revealed multidimensional poverty status of rural household has negative relationship between RuSACCO membership status (-4.2%), size of cultivated landholdings (-5%), access for agricultural extension service (-4.01%), and access for road (-1.7%) and are all statistically significant at 1% level. Moreover, there was a negative relationship between experience of household head on agricultural activity (-0.15%) and statistically significant at 5% level, the risen in educational status of household head from illiterate to literate, primary to secondary and from secondary to higher education goes dawn multidimensional poverty status by-1.8%, -3% and -4.3% and all are statistically significance at 1% level It is also found that, there were positive relationship between, multidimensional poverty status of rural households and dependency ratio (0.11%) at 5% level of significance) in Awabel district. Secondly ,propensity score match model is applied to examine the impact of RuSACCO financial service on multidimensional poverty status of rural households, and the finding revealed that, financial service of RuSACCO had reduce the multidimensional poverty index of rural household by 0.082898018 on average for members .The findings also showed that the RuSACCOs financial service has reduced health dimension of poverty by 0.036242775, the educational dimension of poverty by 0.018915905standard of living dimension of poverty by 0.0152, on average for RuSACCO members compare to that of non members. It is recommended the government should give special attention for organization and promotion of cooperative. Cooperative extension workers should advice members of RuSACCO to spend their financial service on health, education and standard of livings respectively. Increase productivity per size of cultivated landholding, work hard to bring literate farmers, work against reducing young age dependency, rising road accessibility, increase the accessibility of agricultural extension workers, and experience sharing among farmers to reduce the multidimensional status of rural household’s members in Awabe district. Keywords: RuSACCOs financial service, Multidimensional poverty, Awabel district in Amahara region, propensity score matching model. DOI: 10.7176/DCS/9-9-02 Publication date:September 30th 2019

The Impact of Microfinance on Multidimensional Poverty Status of Rural Households in Gozamen District, East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia

Microfinance aimed at breaking the vicious circle of poverty in Ethiopia mainly by providing loan service for rural households. The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of microfinance loan service on multidimensional poverty status of rural households by taking evidence from Amhara Credit and Saving Association. To attain this objective, the researchers collect primary data by using household survey from the total of 290 sample sizes 145 from treated group and 145 from non treated group respondents by using quasi experimental design. To analyze the data, the resrahcers employed descriptive statistics and inferential statics. The propensity score matching model result reveled that microfinance loan service has a negatively impact on the multidimensional poverty status of rural households. It is also found that microfinance loan service has reduced standard of living, health and educational dimensions of poverty respectively for rural households of the study area. It is recommended that  government should give special attention to support microfinance’s who support the rural poor household heads and improve the awareness level of farmers about its role towards poverty reduction . Keywords:-Microfinance loan, Multidimensional poverty, Impact, Propensity score matching model, Gozamen district DOI: 10.7176/JPID/53-04 Publication date:March 31st 202

The Impact of Microfinance on Multidimensional Poverty Status of Rural Households in Gozamen District, East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia

Microfinance aimed at breaking the vicious circle of poverty in Ethiopia by providing financial service and capacity building training for rural households. The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of microfinance service on mutidimestioanl poverty status of rural households. To attain this objective, the researchers collect primary data by using household survey from the total of 290 sample sizes 145 from treated group and 145 from non treated group respondents by using quasi experimental design. To analyze the data, the resrahcers employed descriptive statistics and inferential statics. The propensity score matching model result reveled that microfinance service has a negatively impact on the multidimensional poverty status of rural households. It is also found that microfinance service has reduced standard of living, health and educational dimensions of poverty for rural households of the study area respectively. It is recommended that the government should give special attention to support microfinance’s institutions that support the rural poor household heads and improve the awareness level of farmers about its role towards poverty reduction. Keywords:Microfinance, Multidimensional poverty, Impact assessment, Propensity score matching model, Gozamen district DOI: 10.7176/JESD/12-21-04 Publication date: November 30th 202

Economic Rational of Current Demonetization Practice of Ethiopia and Its Challenges

Governments in developing country like Ethiopia demonetize its currency for economic and political reasons. Hence, the main objectives of this paper is to assess the economic rational of demonetization in Ethiopia and its existing challenges. The study employed secondary data obtained from IMF, FAO, ITO and NBE   from 2006 to 2020 and observed facts .The data is presented in line graph and bar graph and also analyzed by using descriptive statistics. The finding of this paper reveled that running inflation, increase in public debt, prevalence of high corruption, high budget deficit, low rate of saving and low tax ratio are some of important rational to apply currency  demonetization in Ethiopia. It is also found that the success of meeting its stated objectives in Ethiopia is challenged by presence of predatory institutions, existing political unrest, desert locust outbreak, internal displacement and rising trend Covid-19 pandemic and weak implementation capacity of government officials and experts. This paper advice that government should strengthen implementation capacity of government officials, ensuring accountability and transparency among executive bodies and experts and finally the government due attention in building strong developmental institutions before applying financial move like demonetization for the future. Keywords: Demonetization, economic rationales, challenges, Ethiopia. DOI: 10.7176/JESD/12-7-05 Publication date: April 30th 202

Is Aid a Blessing or Cures for Africa?

In Africa aid is a short term blessing that minimized the problem of trade deficit, budget deficit, gross capital formation, poverty reduction, aid lead economic growth, human capital development, foreign exchange stability and economic stability role in Africa and also tries to full fill humanitarian emergency need of Africa at a large. However, due to aid conditions and neo- colonial hidden objectives of aid donors even though 1trillions of dollar were spend in Africa for the last 60 year from rich countries still Africa is the home of millions poor and yet not realize sustainable  economic growth. So that, it is time for Africa tool look inside, to use its natural resource endowment and its land productively; avoid aid dependency culture; look for domestic source of revenue by expanding tax base and developing modern tax administration system; incorporate its endogenous knowable as part of its education, training, research and development areas; reduce waste and increase resource management and it must strengthen political, economic (like free mobility of labour, free trade area among Africans, establishment of domestic non government organization  and using common currency) and social integrations( like developing African common cultural center)  among its members countries; uses of domestically manufactured products, and reduce corruption and rent seeking activities of government officials; avoid predatory instructional set up and exercise democratic government system. Keywords: Africa, Europeans aid, blessing /cures, review DOI: 10.7176/JAAS/80-03 Publication date:May 31st 2022