Modified Organosilica Adsorbents with Bactericidal Properties

The method of mathematical planning of experiments has been used to determine the optimal conditions for the formation of a two-component organosilica with various compositions modified by metal ions (Cu II , Zn II ) sorbed from their water–ammonia solutions. Through this method, modified forms of silico-polymethylsiloxanes (SG-PMS) containing 1–30 mg/g Cu II ion [SG-PMS(Cu)] and 3–40 mg/g Zn II ion [SG-PMS(Zn)] were synthesized and their adsorption/structural characteristics established. The sorptive capacity of the organosilica sorbents and their modified forms towards pathogenic microflora ( E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa ), which depend on the concentration of the modified component, the pH of the medium and the sorptional composition, has been evaluated. It was found that the sorption levels of microorganisms increased in the following sorbent-modified range: 30:70 wt% SG-PMS(Al) < 50:50 wt% SG-PMS(Zn) < 50:50 wt% SG-PMS(Cu) and attained values in the range of 81–98% for metal-containing forms depending on the pH of the medium and the nature of the microorganisms. Copper-containing forms of organosilica exhibited an inhibiting effect towards pathogenic microorganisms even at Cu II ion-containing contents of only 1 mg/g

Evaluation of the nephrons number in children with congenital pathology of the cardiovascular system

Background. The purpose of the study is to determine the dynamics of growth and differentiation of cortical and perimedullary nephrons in children with pathology of the cardiovascular system. Materials and methods. We researched the histological material of the kidneys painted by hematoxylin-eosin and obtained from postmortem, from pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (open foramen ovale, ventricular septal defect and without pathology this patients has age range from 0 to 12 months) patients divided into three age groups (0‒2, 4‒6, 10‒12 months). During microscopy, the number of nephrons in the field of view in the subcortical zone and separately in the perimedullary zone of the cortical substance was counted, the data obtained were subjected to statistical processing. Results. In patients without pathology of the cardiovascular system, the differentiation of subcortical nephrons during the first year of life occurs linearly. There is a clear trend towards a decrease in the number of nephrons per unit area with age. The development of pericerebral nephrons in the same group up to 6 months is similar, but by the age of 10‒12 months, the number of bodies of perimedullary nephrons per conventional unit of area increases to values determined at 2 months of age. Conclusions. In patients with pathology of the cardiovascular system, the dynamics of differentiation of nephrons in the subcapsular zone differs from those found in the first group and repeats the dynamics of differentiation of perimedullary nephrons. The presence of congenital malformations of the cardiovascular system during the first year of a child's life leads to changes in the differentiation of the renal parenchyma. In children without pathology of the cardiovascular system, there is a decrease in the number of nephrons per conventional unit of area during the first year of life. Changes in the differentiation of nephrons in the subcapsular zone of the kidneys in the presence of congenital malformations of the cardiovascular system can become one of the pathogenetic stages in the development of arterial hypertension

The Influence of the Chemistry of an Organosilica Surface on the Adsorption of Proteins from Water—Salt Solutions

A two-component organosilica/protein system was investigated by adsorption methods using as an example the interaction of silicopolymethylsiloxane (SG-PMS) and its Cu π ion-modified forms with the basic protein trypsin and the acidic protein albumin in water–salt solutions. It has been shown that the principal surface chemical features of the organosilica which influence the adsorption of protein molecules on its surface are the ratio of alternating hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups present, the ampholitic character of the silanol groups, the pH value of the point of zero charge (pzc), the pH of the medium, the concentration of the modifying reagent (Cu π ion) employed, the contact time and the solid/liquid phase ratio of the system. Sorption equilibrium was achieved within 60 min for trypsin and within 180 min for albumin for the organosilicas employed. The symbiotic nature of the contact time, solid/liquid phase ratio and the quantity of Cu π ions involved in the modification of the organosilica was demonstrated for the adsorption of both trypsin and albumin while the opposite effect was found for pH (linear adsorption for trypsin but exhibiting a maximum for albumin at a pH value near its isoelectric point of 4.7) and for the concentration of adsorbates employed, particularly for albumin where the structure of the amino acid influenced the pH value of its isoelectric point

Hypogonadism and its treatment following ischaemic stroke in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Premature mortality in Russia is a major socio-economic problem, especially from acute cerebrovascular diseases which constitute 21.4% of the total mortality and is a considerable contributor to chronic disability. Risk of vascular catastrophe is higher in males than females, thought, in part, due to anti-atherosclerotic effects of oestrogens in females whilst an associated age-related deficiency of testosterone is observed in men. Clinical symptoms such as high blood pressure, changes in lipid profile, insulin resistance, obesity, and blood coagulation factors often accompany declining testosterone in males and reduced total testosterone is considered a cardiovascular risk factor. In the present study, the prevalence of hypogonadism in men who had suffered ischaemic stroke was evaluated along with the efficacy of testosterone undecanoate injections (TU) in patients with testosterone deficiency and type-2 diabetes (T2DM) in the acute phase of hemispheric ischaemic stroke. Hypogonadism was present in 66.3% of patients with ischaemic stroke, 50% with T2DM, and 26.3% without T2DM, respectively. TU treatment, at both the 2 and 5-year observation points, demonstrated significant improvements in biochemical, physical, and mental parameters. This supports that testosterone deficiency is a contributing factor in ischaemic events and that long-term testosterone therapy could play an important role in patient recovery