ХРОНИЧЕСКИЙ ВИРУСНЫЙ ГЕПАТИТ С У ДЕТЕЙ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ

The analysis of the problem of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in children. The data on the incidence of primary CHC child population on the territory of the Russian Federation and abroad. The problems of diagnosis of HCV-infection. Conducted a review of the risk of infection, highlight the possible routes of transmission are shown peculiarities of HCV-infected children, shows the frequency of chronic process. The state of the problem at the moment and evaluated further promise in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in children. Проведен анализ состояния проблемы хронического гепатита С у детей. Представлены данные по первичной заболеваемости хроническим гепатитом С у детского населения как на территории Российской Федерации, так и за рубежом. Рассмотрены проблемы диагностики HCV-инфекции. Проведен обзорный анализ риска инфицированности, освещены возможные пути передачи, показаны особенности течения HCV-инфекции у детей, отображена частота хронизации процесса. Проанализировано состояние проблемы в настоящее время и оценены дальнейшие перспективы в лечении хронического вирусного гепатита С у детей

Gastroesophageal reflux disease in children with recurrent and chronic respiratory diseases: Frequency and information content of various diagnostic methods

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has bronchopulmonary manifestations, often associated with recurrent and chronic respiratory diseases (RaCRD). Objective of the research: To determine the frequency of GERD in children with RaCRD and to assess the information content of various diagnostic methods. Materials and methods: Using the GERD-Q questionnaire and considering GERD equivalent symptoms, results of esophageal fluoroscopy with contrasting, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS), daily pH-metry, daily intra-esophageal combined impedance-pH-metry (CIM), 125 children aged 1 month to 17 years with RaCRD were examined. Results: In children with RaCRD the frequency of gastroesophageal reflux detected with maximum frequency (93%) using CIM was 90,4%, while 49,6% of patients did not have esophageal clinical manifestations of GERD. Among children without esophageal manifestations of GERD, reflux was confirmed by instrumental methods in 80,7% of patients. The leading type of reflux in children with RaCRD is sub-acid reflux, which is more common in children without esophageal manifestations of GERD. The prognostic significance of a positive result of esophagus fluoroscopy, endoscopy, and pH-metry is quite high (93,8–100%), but the prognostic significance of a negative result is very low (14,3–20%). Conclusion: GERD screening is possible in children with RaCRD, regardless of the clinical manifestations of GERD; for the diagnosis of GERD in these children CIM is recommended. © 2019, Pediatria Ltd. All right reserved

Salicaceae-Feeding Leaf-Mining Insects in Siberia: Distribution, Trophic Specialization, and Pest Status

International audienceThis paper provides an overview of the leaf-mining insect community feeding on willows (Salix spp.) and poplars (Populus spp.) in Siberia. According to published data and our own observations, 50 leaf-mining insect species (i.e., 24 species of Lepidoptera, 15 Coleoptera, 6 Diptera, and 5 Hymenoptera) feed on those two plant genera in Siberia. Using an integrative approach combining field work, morphological and DNA barcoding analyses, we identified 32 leaf-mining insect species from 14 regions across Siberia (i.e. 64% of all leaf-mining species known on Salicaceae in this part of Russia). Among them, 26 species most often found in parks and botanical gardens, represented new faunistic records for several poorly explored regions of Siberia. We have more than doubled the list of Salicaceae-feeding leaf-mining insects in Tomsk oblast, Altai krai, and the Republic of Tuva, and for the first time provided data on leaf-miners for the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. The micromoth Phyllocnistis gracilistylella (Gracillariidae), recently described from Japan, was found on a new host plant (Salix caprea) in the south of Krasnoyarsk krai, is new for Russia. Eight leafmining insect species (i.e., five gracillariids: Phyllocnistis labyrinthella, Ph. unipunctella, Phyllonorycter apparella, Ph. sagitella, and Ph. populifoliella; two beetles: Zeugophora scutellaris and Isochnus sequensi; and one sawfly: Heterarthrus ochropoda) can outbreak on poplars, most often in urban plantations, botanical gardens, and plant nurseries in Siberia, and can also affect natural stands. Forty-five species of 50 leaf-mining insects known to feed on willow and poplar in Siberia also occur in Central and Eastern Europe. The remaining five species (Phyllocnistis gracilistylella, Phyllonorycter sibirica, Heterarthrus fasciatus, Tachyerges dauricus, and Isochnus arcticus) are recorded in Asia only. Species richness of the family Gracillariidae, the most diverse on Salicaceae in Siberia, displays 80% similarity to that in the European part of Russia and 71% to the Russian Far East. We discuss the faunal similarity of these regions and highlight the importance of applying an integrative approach combining ecological, morphological analyses, and DNA barcoding to explore and characterize the insect fauna of poorly studied regions of Asian part of Russia

New developments in vertebrate cytotaxonomy III. Karyology of bony fishes: A review

[No abstract available

CMS : the TriDAS Project Technical Design Report; v.1, the Trigger Systems

CM