Hidden symmetries for thermodynamics and emergence of relativity

Erik Verlinde recently proposed an idea about the thermodynamic origin of gravity. Though this is a beautiful idea which may resolve many long standing problems in the theories of gravity, it also raises many other problems. In this article I will comment on some of the problems of Verlinde's proposal with special emphasis on the thermodynamical origin of the principle of relativity. It is found that there is a large group of hidden symmetries of thermodynamics which contains the Poincare group of the spacetime for which space is emergent. This explains the thermodynamic origin of the principle of relativity.Comment: V1: 4 pages, comments/criticisms welcomed; V2: references added; V3: typos and minor corrections? V4? substantial changes in Section 3 and other parts mad

A note on entropic force and brane cosmology

Recently Verlinde proposed that gravity is an entropic force caused by information changes when a material body moves away from the holographic screen. In this note we apply this argument to brane cosmology, and show that the cosmological equation can be derived from this holographic scenario.Comment: 5 pages, no figures;references adde

Coherent population trapping and dynamical instability in the nonlinearly coupled atom-molecule system

We study the possibility of creating a coherent population trapping (CPT) state, involving free atomic and ground molecular condensates, during the process of associating atomic condensate into molecular condensate. We generalize the Bogoliubov approach to this multi-component system and study the collective excitations of the CPT state in the homogeneous limit. We develop a set of analytical criteria based on the relationship among collisions involving atoms and ground molecules, which are found to strongly affect the stability properties of the CPT state, and use it to find the stability diagram and to systematically classify various instabilities in the long-wavelength limit.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figure

A momentum-conserving, consistent, Volume-of-Fluid method for incompressible flow on staggered grids

The computation of flows with large density contrasts is notoriously difficult. To alleviate the difficulty we consider a consistent mass and momentum-conserving discretization of the Navier-Stokes equation. Incompressible flow with capillary forces is modelled and the discretization is performed on a staggered grid of Marker and Cell type. The Volume-of-Fluid method is used to track the interface and a Height-Function method is used to compute surface tension. The advection of the volume fraction is performed using either the Lagrangian-Explicit / CIAM (Calcul d'Interface Affine par Morceaux) method or the Weymouth and Yue (WY) Eulerian-Implicit method. The WY method conserves fluid mass to machine accuracy provided incompressiblity is satisfied which leads to a method that is both momentum and mass-conserving. To improve the stability of these methods momentum fluxes are advected in a manner "consistent" with the volume-fraction fluxes, that is a discontinuity of the momentum is advected at the same speed as a discontinuity of the density. To find the density on the staggered cells on which the velocity is centered, an auxiliary reconstruction of the density is performed. The method is tested for a droplet without surface tension in uniform flow, for a droplet suddenly accelerated in a carrying gas at rest at very large density ratio without viscosity or surface tension, for the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, for a falling raindrop and for an atomizing flow in air-water conditions

Analysis of endometrial blood flow with color Doppler energy in predicting outcome in GnRH antagonist down regulated ICSI/IVF cycles: a prospective cohort study setting

Background: The study was conducted to assess the association between endometrial blood flow pattern assessed with colour Doppler around the day of HCG administration and IVF outcome following GnRH antagonist down regulated cycles.Methods: It was a prospective, cohort study. Total of sixty-eight patients undergoing IVF-ET/ICSI were recruited in the study. All the patients underwent controlled ovarian stimulation with a step-up protocol, and GnRH antagonists were used for down-regulation. Transvaginal ultrasound measurements of all patients were performed on the day of HCG injection. A 6.5 MHz pulsed Doppler system was used for blood flow analysis. Bilateral uterine arteries, pulsatility index and resistance index were calculated along with uterine artery peak systolic velocity on both sides. Endometrial blood flow was analysed by detecting flow in the intra-endometrial or the adjacent sub-endometrial regions.Results: Baseline FSH in pregnant group was lower (6.29) than non-pregnant group (7.36). The overall pregnancy rate was 45.6% (n=31) and the ongoing pregnancy rate was 41.1% (n=28). Total of 57 patients out of 68 patients had both good endometrial and sub-endometrial blood flow. The overall pregnancy rate in this group was 47.3%. Similarly, in patients who had minimal endometrial and sub-endometrial blood flow the pregnancy rate was 37.5%. There was no significant correlation between pregnancy outcomes and the color flow Doppler parameters such as average uterine PI, average uterine RI and right/left uterine peak systolic velocity.Conclusion: Uterine artery PI, RI and PSV has no role in predicting endometrial receptivity and thus pregnancy outcome in IVF-ET cycle, however those patient with good endometrial and sub-endometrial flow have higher pregnancy rate than those with minimal flow rate

Quasinormal modes prefer supersymmetry ?

One ambiguity in loop quantum gravity is the appearance of a free parameter which is called Immirzi parameter. Recently Dreyer has argued that this parameter may be fixed by considering the quasinormal mode spectrum of black holes, while at the price of changing the gauge group to SO(3) rather than the original one SU(2). Physically such a replacement is not quite natural or desirable. In this paper we study the relationship between the black hole entropy and the quasi normal mode spectrum in the loop quantization of N=1 supergravity. We find that a single value of the Immirzi parameter agrees with the semiclassical expectations as well. But in this case the lowest supersymmetric representation dominates, fitting well with the result based on statistical consideration. This suggests that, so long as fermions are included in the theory, supersymemtry may be favored for the consistency of the low energy limit of loop quantum gravity.Comment: 3 page

Introduction to supersymmetric spin networks

In this paper we give a general introduction to supersymmetric spin networks. Its construction has a direct interpretation in context of the representation theory of the superalgebra. In particular we analyze a special kind of spin networks with superalgebra $Osp(1|2n)$. It turns out that the set of corresponding spin network states forms an orthogonal basis of the Hilbert space \cal L\mit^2(\cal A\mit/\cal G), and this argument holds even in the q-deformed case. The $Osp(n|2)$ spin networks are also discussed briefly. We expect they could provide useful techniques to quantum supergravity and gauge field theories from the point of non-perturbative view.Comment: 27 pages, 16 eps figures. Based on the talk given at Marcel Grossmann Meeting IX in Rom

Air quality monitoring for vulnerable groups in residential environments using a multiple hazard gas detector

© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This paper presents a smart “e-nose” device to monitor indoor hazardous air. Indoor hazardous odor is a threat for seniors, infants, children, pregnant women, disabled residents, and patients. To overcome the limitations of using existing non-intelligent, slow-responding, deficient gas sensors, we propose a novel artificial-intelligent-based multiple hazard gas detector (MHGD) system that is mounted on a motor vehicle-based robot which can be remotely controlled. First, we optimized the sensor array for the classification of three hazardous gases, including cigarette smoke, inflammable ethanol, and off-flavor from spoiled food, using an e-nose with a mixing chamber. The mixing chamber can prevent the impact of environmental changes. We compared the classification results of all combinations of sensors, and selected the one with the highest accuracy (98.88%) as the optimal sensor array for the MHGD. The optimal sensor array was then mounted on the MHGD to detect and classify the target gases without a mixing chamber but in a controlled environment. Finally, we tested the MHGD under these conditions, and achieved an acceptable accuracy (70.00%)

Exploring metastability via the third harmonic measurements in single crystals of 2H2H-NbSe2NbSe_2 showing anomalous Peak effect

We explore the metastability effects across the order-disorder transition pertaining to the peak effect phenomenonon in critical current density ($J_c$) via the first and the third harmonic ac susceptibility measurements in the weakly pinned single crystals of $2H$-$NbSe_2$. An analysis of our data suggests that an imprint of the limiting (spinodal) temperature above which $J_c$ is path independent can be conveniently located in the third harmonic data ($\chi_{3\omega}^{\prime}$).Comment: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Lung Nodule Classification using A Novel Two-stage Convolutional Neural Networks Structure'

© 2019 IEEE. Lung cancer is one of the most fatal cancers in the world. If the lung cancer can be diagnosed at an early stage, the survival rate of patients post treatment increases dramatically. Computed Tomography (CT) diagram is an effective tool to detect lung cancer. In this paper, we proposed a novel two-stage convolution neural network (2S-CNN) to classify the lung CT images. The structure is composed of two CNNs. The first CNN is a basic CNN, whose function is to refine the input CT images to extract the ambiguous CT images. The output of first CNN is fed into another inception CNN, a simplified version of GoogLeNet, to enhance the better recognition on complex CT images. The experimental results show that our 2S-CNN structure has achieved an accuracy of 89.6%