МАГНИТОФОРЕТИЧЕСКИЙ МЕТОД ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ЭРИТРОЦИТОВ ПО СТЕПЕНИ ОКСИГЕНАЦИИ ГЕМОГЛОБИНА

The method is developed for a simultaneous differentiation of red blood cells in terms of magnetic susceptibility, hemoglobin oxygenation, and sedimentation velocity based upon video recording and automated handling of cell motion trajectories in a thin microfluidic channel under the action of crossed gravitational and high-gradient magnetic fields. The study of suspension of red blood cells with a low oxygen partial pressure, for the first time, revealed the existence of cell fractions with considerably reduced and increased hemoglobin oxygenation, which is presumably related with a weakened oxygen transport function of old red blood cells. Our method creates additional possibilities of studying native and pathogenic processes in red blood cells, and can be useful for medical diagnostics.Разработан метод одновременного измерения распределения эритроцитов по магнитной восприимчивости и степени оксигенации их гемоглобина, а также скорости седиментации клеток в жидкости, основанный на видеорегистрации и автоматизированной обработке траекторий их движения в плоском микрожидкостном канале при воздействии гравитационного и высокоградиентного магнитных полей. Исследование суспензии эритроцитов с низким парциальным давлением кислорода впервые выявило существование фракций эритроцитов с заметно пониженным и повышенным содержанием кислорода в условиях его дефицита, что может быть связано с ослаблением основной транспортной функции стареющих эритроцитов. Предложенный метод создает дополнительные возможности исследования эритроцитов в норме и при патологиях, имеет перспективы в медицинской диагностике

THE INFLUENCE OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE ON SEXUAL FUNCTION OF WOMEN

The article describes the current view on hormonal changes in women of reproductive age, pre- and postmenopause with chronic kidney disease (CKD), including sexual and reproduction function disturbances, menstrual cycle changes, infertility and miscarriage, as well as the influence of renal replacement therapy (RRT) on sexual and reproductive function. Menstrual cycle changes characterized as anovulation and amenorrhea. The lack of LH peaks and absence of estradiol changes according to menstrual cycle phase, hypoestrogenemia, hyperprolalactinemia are the basis of hormonal disfunction. Results of experimental studies have shown renoprotective effect of estrogens by influencing the synthesis and release of vasoactive substances, cytokines and other growth factors that are responsible for the functional abnormalities of mesangial cells, and preventing the action of transforming growth factor β-1 (TGF-β-1), which plays a role in the process of glomerulosclerosis

ULTRASOUND FEATURES OF THE THYROID GLAND IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES DEPENDING ON THE KIDNEY FUNCTION

Introduction. Thyroid dysfunction is a common endocrine disorder among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but there is still no clear understanding of sonographic characteristics of the thyroid gland (TG) in patients with diabetes-related CKD. Aim. The aim of the study was to identify sonographic features of the TG in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and CKD. Patients and methods. A cross-sectional study included 173 patients with T1D, divided into subgroups based on renal function, and 39 healthy controls. Clinical assessment included evaluation of serum levels of creatinine, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), antithyroid antibodies, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with subsequent stratification by stages of CKD, as well as ultrasound examination of the TG using a standard technique. Results. Patients with T1D without CKD had the lowest median of the TG left lobe volume (p=0.009) compared to the control group; meanwhile, there were no differences with other subgroups of patients. Patients with T1D who had underwent kidney transplantation had the highest prevalence of thyroid nodules (42.9%) (χ2=5.0, p=0.025 compared to individuals with T1D without CKD). There were no differences in the frequency of ultrasound signs of thyroiditis in T1D patients with different CKD stages, as compared to the control group (χ2=3.8, p=0.274). Conclusion. The present study has obtained new data on sonographic features of the TG in patients with T1D complicated by CKD

EFFECT OF TESTOSTERONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY ON QUALITY OF LIFE OF TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS AND ANDROGEN DEFICIENCY

In recent years there has been a significant increase in interest in the problem of hormonal age-related changes in the reproductive system of males. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of androgen deficiency and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DT2) on the quality of life. We investigated 166 men with DT2 aged 50-65 years. It was shown that the quality of life of men with DT2 was significantly reduced on all scales SF-36 questionnaire compared with healthy individuals. The quality of life of hypogonadal patients with DT2 was associated with mental and physical health component. After 6 months of hormone replacement therapy of patients with DT2 the quality of life has improved on all scales SF-36 questionnaire

EVALUATION OF BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN MALE PATIENTS WITH ANDROGEN DEFICIENCY AND TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Although many reports have elucidated the pathophysiological characteristics of abnormal bone metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DT2), determinants of bone mineral density in patients with DT2 are still controversial. In recent years, the prevalence of osteoporosis in men has been increasing. Sex steroids play an important role in the maintenance of bone metabolism. In a previous study, low androgen concentrations were reported to be a predictor of bone loss in men. Estrogen deficiency can also occur in normal older men as a consequence of aging, and serum estradiol appears to have an important effect on bone health in men. In this study, we investigated the determinants of BMD in male patients with DT2 to establish future strategies for the prevention of fractures due to osteoporosis in these patients

FEATURES OF ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES IN COMBINATION WITH OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA

The article presents the features of therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. The study involved 21 male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and moderate obstructive sleep apnea, refusing from CPAP therapy. Depending on the prescribed therapy, we formed 2 groups of patients. Group 1 included patients to whom vildagliptin was added to metformin therapy (n=11), group 2 ‒ patients to whom empagliflozin was added to metformin therapy (n=10). The patients were followed up for 6 months. They underwent polysomnographic monitoring and assessment of the HbA1c level twice. It was found that while taking a combination of metformin and empagliflozin, patients demonstrated an improvement in the compensation of carbohydrate metabolism, a decrease in the body mass index, a decrease in the severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, an increase in the degree of blood oxygen saturation. There was also an increase in the total sleep time, an improvement in the sleep efficiency indicator, and a normalization of the sleep structure, as well as improvement of basic polysomnographic indicators