The structures of dimeric stereoisomeric tartrates of iron(III) as determined by molecular mechanics calculations

The stereospecific formation of iron(III) complexes with d- and dl-taric acidsdH4L, dlH4L respectively) is discussed. Molecular mechanics calculations (mind program, model of Dashevsky-Plyamovatyi) are applied to modelling of dimeric tartrate Fe2(d-L)2 2- and Fe2(d-L)(l-L)2-(II) structures. Stereospecific formation is explained by lesser values of energy of rigid iron(III) octahedral coordination in (I). © 1995

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES AND VITAL EXHAUSTION: LONGITUDINAL STUDY IN RUSSIA/SIBERIA (WHO MONICA — PSYCHOSOCIAL PROGRAM)

Aim. To study prevalence rates of vital exhaustion and its effects on 14-year risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) (arterial hypertension (AH), myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke) development and genetic traits in open population of 25–64-yearold men in Russia/Siberia (West Siberia metropolis, Novosibirsk).Material and methods. Random representative sample of 25–64-year-old men was studied in a framework of WHO MONICA-Psychosocial Program (MOPSY) in 1994. Maastricht Questionnaire (MQ) was used to assess vital exhaustion. Genotyping for variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphisms in DRD4 and DAT genes was performed. All new cases of AH, MI, and stroke were registered among people without CVD for 14 years (from 1994 to 2008). Statistical analysis was done by using software package SPSS 11.5. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used for evaluation of risk coefficient (hazard ratio (HR) taking into account time-adjusted control. Х2 test was used to assess statistical significance of differences between the groups.Results. In the study population, the vital exhaustion rate was 66,8%. Hazard ration was significantly increased (AH: HR=3,2; MI: HR=2,7; stroke: HR=3,2) in men with vital exhaustion compared with vital exhaustion-free individuals in open population during the first five years of observation. Multifactorial modeling showed that vital exhaustion together with concomitant social gradient determined development of AH, MI, and stroke in open population of 25–64-year-old men. Allele 7 of DRD4 and genotype 9/9 of DAT gene were associated with high level of vital exhaustion.Conclusion: Open population of 25–64-year-old men (Russia/Siberia, Novosibirsk) showed high level of vital exhaustion, a predictor for risk of developing CVD. Vital exhaustion is significantly associated with certain VNTR polymorphisms of DRD4 and DAT gens

Pathoanatomical Pattern of Brain Damage of White Mice Infected with Experimental Anthrax

Background. Bacillus anthracis is a microorganism that causes anthrax. Because of irrational therapy, this particularly dangerous infectious disease leads to a systemic spread of bacteria in the body through histohematological barriers. Bacilli entering the brain subsequently lead to hemorrhagic meningitis. Despite intensive antibiotic therapy, that kind of meningitis is difficult to cure and therefore highly lethal. Studying characteristics of anthrax’s isolates of different origin and genotype is an actual area of research.The aim of the study is searching for pathomorphological and histological changes in the brain regions of experimental animals with anthrax infection, caused by B. anthracis with different plasmid spectrum.Materials and methods: The study was conducted on 200 certified white mice, three B. anthracis strains were used as research objects: B. anthracis I-323 (рХО1– /рХО2– ), B. anthracis I-275 (рХО1- /рХО2- ), and B. anthracis I-217 (рХО1+ / рХО2– ). The material for histological examination was the brain of mice, embedded in paraffin, and then sections were prepared using a microtome and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Nissl toluidine blue. The degree of neuronal damage was assessed by calculating the semi-quantitative factor and determining the average size of the neuron nuclei, and the numerical density of cells in 1mm2 was studied. Microphotography and quantitative analysis was performed using the Motic Images Plus 2.0 application package. Statistical processing of the results was performed using the program “Statistica 6.0”.The results of the study showed that the brain of infected mice shows signs of hemorrhagic leptomeningitis, the manifestations of which are more pronounced in mice infected with weakly virulent plasmid strains of B. anthracis and fallen mice.Conclusion. Multicomponent exotoxin and specialized proteins, encoded in the pathogenicity plasmid of microorganisms, allow B. anthracis to easily overcome histohematological barriers and cause severe septic anthrax. The results obtained during the study supplement the available information on the pathogenesis of anthrax and indicate the need for further research in this direction

Neurotrophic and antioxidant potential of neuropeptides and trace elements

Neurotrophic therapy with brain extract-based drugs has been performed for decades. The basis for their neurotrophic activity is amino acids and neuropeptides. However, incomplete information on the composition of these drugs precludes a detailed description of mechanisms through which their pharmacological effects occur. The review considers the results of the most recent molecular pharmacological investigations and the mechanisms of therapeutic action of cerebrolysin

Hyperexpression of TLR2 and TLR4 in patients with ischemic stroke in acute period of the disease

Pathogenesis of ischemic stroke  is actively  involved  in the  system  of innate immunity. Under conditions of cerebral  ischemia, a number of biologically  active  substances are  released  that  interact with innate immunity receptors, in particular TLR2  and  TLR4, which  exacerbate inflammation in brain  tissue. Identification of predictor markers  at the level of the innate immunity system may foresee the clinical course of ischemic stroke and ensure timely treatment. Our objective was to study expression of TLR2 and TLR4 receptors in peripheral blood leukocytes  in patients with ischemic stroke in the dynamics of the disease. 27 people  were included in the study. The main  group consisted of patients with ischemic stroke of varying severity (n = 19). Patients of the main  group were divided into two subgroups:  with an NIHSS index value of < 10 (n = 10) and > 10 (n = 9). The control group included healthy  donors  with no history  of acute  and chronic inflammatory diseases (n = 8). Peripheral blood  leukocytes  were used as the  test material. To determine expression  of the TLR2  and TLR4  genes, RT-PCR in real time was used. Surface  expression  of TLRs was determined by flow cytometry. A study of the TLR2 and TLR4 gene expression showed that on the 1st, 3rd  and 7th  day post-stroke, the TLR4 gene expression  in patients was significantly  increased, when compared to the control group (p < 0.01), whereas TLR2 gene expression on the 3rd  day of the disease was not statistically different from the control group. A study of surface expression  of receptors showed that the average TLR2 fluorescence intensity on the patients’ peripheral blood monocytes was significantly  increased on the 1st  and 3rd  day of disease when compared to the control group.  The  surface  expression  of TLR4  on monocytes has a statistically significant  increase  only on day 7. Assessment  of surface expression  of TLRs in subgroups  with different  severity values by NIHSS showed that  patients with a NIHSS index > 10 had a significantly  higher  level of surface of TLR2  expression  over the observation period, while the largest difference in TLR4  expression  in the subgroups  was observed  on the 1st day of the disease (p < 0.05). Patients with ischemic stroke showed an increase  in TLR2 and TLR4 expression at the gene and protein level, compared to healthy  donors. These indices can be considered possible predictors for clinical  prognosis  of ischemic stroke

The role of the Sverdlovsk state medical institute in testing drugs, developed by the ural scientists

The article presents the contribution of scientists of Sverdlovsk state medical institute to the testing of new drugs developed in the Urals during pre-war years and the years of the great Patriotic war.В статье представлен вклад ученых Свердловского государственного медицинского института в апробацию новых лекарственных препаратов, разработанных на Урале в довоенные годы и годы Великой Отечественной войны

Epizootic Activity of Natural and Anthropourgic Tularemia Foci in the Territory of the Jewish Autonomous Region and the Khabarovsk City Outskirts during the Amur River Flood

Widespread epizootiological investigations were performed to estimate the influence of the Amur River flood on the epizootic activity of tularemia in small rodent populations within natural and anthropourgic foci. Determined were the numbers of the rodent-carriers and epizootic activity of tularemia infection in the forest type, lowland, flood-swamped as well as anthropourgic foci. The capture and enumeration of the rodents was conducted using Gero rat traps. Tested were water and silt samples, rodent nests, pellets and excrements of carnivorous mammals. Blood sera of healthy persons living within the focal territory were examined to reveal the immune-competent cohort. Collected materials were analyzed using bacteriological, genetic diagnostic and serological methods. Extremely high numbers of the carriers were registered in the lowland meadow-field and anthropourgic foci adjacent to the flooded areas. The signs of tularemia epizootic process were observed in the meadow-field and flood-swamped foci. Failed to reveal during the period of high water were the epizooties in the forest foci

Development and Main Stages of Introduction of the Preparation “Cholera O139 Diagnostic Fluorescent Immunoglobulins”

– for environmental objects. Application of the preparation for practical purposes was considered to be promising, and it was recommended for State registration as a product of medical application

EVALUATION OF VIBRIO CHOLERAE 569B INABA PROTECTIVE ANTIGENES, DERIVED ON INDUSTRIAL AND DEVELOPED BIOREACTORS AS WELL AS BY IMPROVED TECHNOLOGY

We evaluated immunochemical, physical and biochemical properties of Vibrio cholerae 569B INABA protective antigenes, derived on industrial and own-developed bioreactors as well as by technology of its concentration by tangential ultrafiltration. We detected, protease, twinase and. lysophospholipase in all samples. Also, dotimmunoanalysis showed equal concentration, of cholerogen-anatoxine and. O-antigen in all samples too. Using chromatography and. electrophoresis, we found their properties as similar. Thus, we suppose to be possible using developed bioreactor as well as technology of Vibrio cholerae 569B INABA protective antigens concentration by tangential concentration during a process of synthetic oral cholera vaccine production

Analysis of Epidemiological Situation on Leptospiroses in the Amur-River Region. Operational Experience in the Flood Area in 2013, and Forecasting for 2014

For the first time ever mobile SAET units have performed complex investigation of epidemiological situation on leptospiroses in order to provide sanitary-epidemiological welfare of the population in the Amur-River region devastated by high water in 2013. Analyzed have been contemporary published and archival data on morbidity rate and epizootic activity of the natural leptospirosis foci in the Amur-River territory up to 2013. Summarized is the information concerning monitoring over natural focal infections (in particular leptospiroses) in the flooding area, obtained by specialized antiepidemic teams from Irkutsk Research Anti-Plague Institute of Siberia and Far East deployed in Belogorsk town of the Amur Region and Khabarovsk city in 2013. Epizootiological situation during the high water period in the Jewish Autonomous Region has been defined as an extremely adverse, unlike the Khabarovsk Territory and the Amur Region where epizootic process is less expressed. Therewith aggravation of epidemiological situation on leptospiroses in the Amur-River Region in 2014 is not ruled out