Separating the roles of electrons and holes in the organic magnetoresistance of aluminum tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) organic light emitting diodes

Copyright 2008 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics. This article appeared in Journal of Applied Physics 104, 083703 (2008) and may be found at

Partnership research with older people: moving towards making the rhetoric a reality

As nursing develops closer partnerships with older people in delivering care, it also needs to develop partnerships in order to create the knowledge base for practice in a way that challenges professional hegemony and empowers older people. However, the process of developing partnerships in research takes place against a background of academic research traditions and norms, which can present obstacles to collaboration. This paper is a reflection on the issues that have arisen in three projects where older people were involved in research at different levels, from sources of data to independent researchers. It points to some of the areas that need further exploration and development

The effect of deuteration on organic magnetoresistance

NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Synthetic Metals. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in SYNTHETIC METALS, 161, 7-8, (2011) DOI 10.1016/j.synthmet.2010.11.04

Mars simulated exposure and the characteristic Raman biosignatures of amino acids and halophilic microbes

Though Raman bands of α-amino acids (AA) are well documented, often only the strongest intensity bands are quoted as identifiers (e.g. Jenkins et al., 2005; De Gelder et al., 2007; Zhu et al., 2011). Unknown regolith mixtures on Mars-sampling missions could obscure these bands. Here the case is made for determining, via a statistical method, sets of characteristic bands to be used as identifiers, independent of band intensity or number of bands (Rolfe et al., 2016). AA have upwards of 25 potentially identifying bands and this method defines sets of 10–19 bands per AA. Examination of AA-doped Mars-like basalt resulted in a maximum of eight bands being identified, as some characteristic bands were obscured by mineral bands, including the strongest intensity band in some cases. This proved the need for characteristic bands to be defined, enabling successful identification of AA. The ESA ExoMars Rover mission will crush and then pass the sample to the Raman Laser Spectrometer. We crushed a Mars-like basalt to a similar grain size expected to be created by the rover. Our samples were doped with 1 % (by weight) AA samples, resulting in no detection of AA, because of loss of original spatial context and spaces between the grains. We recommend that Raman spectroscopy on future missions should be conducted before the sample is crushed. Halite-entombed halophilic microbes, known to survive being entombed, were exposed to Mars-like surface (including temperature, pressure, atmospheric composition and UV) and freeze-thaw cycle (plus pressure and atmospheric composition) conditions. This test on the survival of the microbes showed that survival rates quickly deteriorated in surface conditions, but freeze-thaw cycle samples had well preserved Raman biosignatures, indicating that similar signatures could be detectable on Mars if similar life persists in evaporitic material or brines today

Modeling of positive and negative organic magnetoresistance in organic light-emitting diodes

Copyright 2012 by the American Physical Society. Article is available at

Accuracy and precision assesment of stochastic simulation tools for springback variation

The sheet forming industry is plagued by inherent variations in its many input variables, making quality control and improvements a major hurdle. This is particularly poignant for Advanced High Strength Steels (AHSS), which exhibit a large degree of property variability. Current FE-based simulation packages are successful at predicting the manufacturability of a particular sheet metal components, however, due to their numerical deterministic nature are inherently unable to predict the performance of a real-life production process. Though they are now beginning to incorporate the stochastic nature of production in their codes. This work investigates the accuracy and precision of a current stochastic simulation package, AutoForm Sigma v4.1, by developing an experimental data set where all main sources of variation are captured through precise measurements and standard tensile tests. Using a Dual Phase 600Mpa grade steel a series of semi-cylindrical channels are formed at two Blank Holder Pressure levels where the response metric is the variation in springback determined by the flange angle. The process is replicated in AutoForm Sigma and an assessment of accuracy and precision of the predictions are performed. Results indicate a very good correspondence to the experimental trials, with mean springback response predicted to within 1 &deg; of the flange angle and the interquartile spread of results to within 0.22&deg;.<br /

Determining the influence of excited states on current transport in organic light emitting diodes using magnetic field perturbation

Copyright 2010 by the American Physical Society. Article is available at

Are multimedia resources effective in life science education? A meta-analysis.

Multimedia learning is widely used in life science education where the use of pictures and text can bring complex structures and processes to life. However the impact on academic performance and deeper understanding is not well documented. We therefore carried out a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of multimedia resources in tertiary level life science education. Comprehensive literature searches were conducted; studies were selected based on stringent pre-set criteria, and data were extracted for meta-analysis. In total, 17 studies were used in the meta-analyses with a total population of 2,290 students. The results show that, when used as a substitute for laboratory practicals, multimedia improved student learning gains assessed with an end-of-year examination, (mean difference 7.06, ±4.61). Although it did not improve short-term learning gains in this scenario, multimedia improved learning gains in 10 of the 16 sub-group comparisons made across all the studies. Overall, multimedia learning was more effective than many traditional educational methods although the numbers of studies included in the analysis were ultimately considered to be small due to many exclusions from the studies included in the analysis. Therefore, more good quality trials are required to evaluate a broader range of scenarios relevant to modern practices. Studies would benefit from being rigorous in design with good quality reporting of all aspects of methodology and study results.HEA Subject Centre for Bioscienc