Forecasting the flood situation using space images

Разработана методика определения площадей и объемов территорий затопления и оценен риск и ущерб в периоды половодий. Также составлена прогнозная модель разлива реки Тавда на 2017 г. Полученные данные показывают, что космический мониторинг паводковых вод с созданием базы данных в геоинформационной системе облегчает расчеты и сокращает затраты на организацию противопаводковых мероприятий.The methodology for determining the areas and volumes of flooded areas was developed and the risk and damage were estimated during periods of flooding, and a forecast model of the Tavda river flood for 2017 was compiled. The obtained data show that the space monitoring of flood waters with the creation of a database in the geographic information system facilitates calculations and reduces the costs of organizing antiflood measures

PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THE NEW ANTIVIRAL SUBSTANCE

Objective: To develop a set of quality control procedures for the promising antiviral pharmaceutical substance L-histidyl-1-adamantylethylamine dihydrochloride monohydrate, a derivative of rimantadine. Methods: Substances and solvents: synthesized in laboratory L-histidyl-1-adamantylethylamine dihydrochloride monohydrate (H-His-Rim•2HCl•H2O), rimantadine hydrochloride (Rim•HCl), 99%, ethanol 96%, N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) anhydrous, 99.8% and n-hexane anhydrous, 95%, deionized high-resistance water (18.2 MΩ•cm at 25 °C, Milli-Q system), silver nitrate. Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy–Cary 630 Fourier Transform IR Spectrometer, elemental analysis–elemental composition analyzer CHNS-O EuroEA3000, ultraviolet (UV) spectrometry–Cary-60 spectrophotometer, polarimetry–POL-1/2 polarimeter with an external Peltier module, granulometric analysis by optical microscopy (Altami BIO 2 microscope) and low-angle laser light scattering (LALLS)–Master Sizer 3600, measurement of potential for hydrogen–potentiometer PB-11, Spirotox method–the study of temperature dependences of Spirostomum ambiguum lifetime to characterize the biological activity of the studied compounds. Results: The substance H-His-Rim•2HCl•H2O is an amorphous yellowish powder, slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, freely soluble in N, N-dimethylformamide, and practically insoluble in n-hexane. A study of the elemental composition has confirmed the authenticity of H-His-Rim•2HCl•H2O. Comparison of the spectral characteristics of H-His-Rim•2HCl•H2O and Rim•HCl by IR spectroscopy and UV spectrometry confirmed the authenticity of the substance. The racemic form of the substance Rim•HCl with an insignificant amount of impurity of the levorotatory enantiomer was proved polarimetrically: α =-0.0126±0.0003 (1% aqueous solution, 20±0.5 °С). The specific optical rotation of 1% aqueous solution H-His-Rim•2HCl•H2O . In 1% ethanol solution -10.32±0.12. Using the method of laser light diffraction for a substance H-His-Rim•2HCl•H2O, the dimensional spectra «fraction of particles, %-d, μm» were characterized, the maximum of which in hexane is in the region of 40–50 μm. Arrhenius’s kinetics on the Spirotox model established statistically significant differences in ligand-receptor interactions, which are characterized by values of observed apparent activation energy °bsEa, kJ/mol: 132.36±1.55 for H-His-Rim•2HCl•H2O and 176.15±0.48 for Rim•HCl. Conclusion: The developed set of methods for assessment of physical and chemical properties and biological activity of a new antiviral substance H-His-Rim•2HCl•H2O is the basis for establish of regulatory documentation

ASCORBIС ACID DEGRADATION IN N, N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE SOLUTIONS

Objective: Investigate the mechanisms of L-ascorbic acid transforтmation and formation of coloured enamines in N, N-dimethyl-formamide solutions. Methods: An automatic polarimeter Atago POL-1/2 was used for polarimetric investigation. Electronic spectra were recorded by UV-spectrometer Cary 60 (Agilent). The statistical analysis was carried out using the OriginPro 9.1 packages. Results: The Biot’s law violation was found in below 0.1% solutions of L-ascorbic acid (AA) in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF). During the day, the specific rotation   of 1% AA solution varied from+37 to-1.0. Gradually, the solution acquired the red colour, and its intensity depended on the AA concentration. Spectrophotometrically, it was shown that after 15 min AA was absent in the n·10-3% solutions. The decomposition followed the first-order kinetics (k1=1.83·10-2с-1). At the same time, new absorption bands appeared at 273, 390, 533 nm. Model solutions containing dimethylamine (DMA) had a similar spectrum, and the intensity of the absorption bands increased in proportion to the concentration of DMA. Conclusion: The results show that the first step in the decomposition of ascorbic acid AA in DMF follows first-order kinetics. Numerous decomposition products are optically active compounds and reverse the sign of the optical rotation of the solution. The water resulting from the decomposition of AA is involved in the hydrolysis of the solvent. The hydrolysis product, the secondary amine DMA, interacts with the carbonyl groups of the AA decomposition products to form coloured enamines. Magnesium (II) accelerates the formation of coloured products

Detection and defect correction of operating process

The article is devoted to the current problem of enterprise competitiveness rise in hard and competitive terms of business environment. The importance of modern equipment for detection of defects and their correction is explained. Production of chipboard is used as an object of research. Short description and main results of estimation efficiency of innovative solutions of enterprises are considered

”Stellar Professor” K. A. Barkhatova: the Department and Its Disciples

В данной работе дается описание истории жизни К. А. Бархатовой (1917—1990). Главной задачей Клавдия Александровна считала восстановление в 1960 г. кафедры астрономии и геодезии для обучения студентов и создание в 1965 г. астрономической обсерватории Уральского университета для получения практического материала для обучающихся, аспирантов, сотрудников и преподавателей. В статье приводятся результаты за 62 года о количестве учеников кафедры по разным направлениям учебы, а также сведения о числе кандидатов и докторов наук. Для астрономов из разных уголков страны: студентов, аспирантов, научных сотрудников и преподавателей ежегодно проводится конференция «Физика Космоса». Традиция организации конференции была заложена при непосредственном участии К. А. Бархатовой.This paper describes the life history of K. A. Barkhatova (1917—1990). Klavdia Alexandrovna considered the restoration of the Department of Astronomy and Geodesy in 1960 for teaching students and the foundation in 1965 of the Astronomical Observatory of the Ural University in 1965 to obtain practical material for students, graduate students, staff and teachers as the main task. The article presents the results for 62 years on the number of students in different areas of study, as well as information on the number of candidates and doctors of science. For astronomers from different parts of the country: students, graduate students, researchers and teachers, the conference ”Physics of Space” is held annually. The tradition of organizing the conference was laid down with the direct participation of K. A. Barkhatova

The Problem of Preserving Historical Memory: the Possibilities of Using the Sites of the Historical Multimedia Park «Russia — my History» as a Means of Forming a Cognitive Interest in Studying the History of Russia

Статья содержит описание необходимых педагогических условий, способствующих повышению познавательного интереса к изучению истории у современной молодежи. Выявляются возможности использования исторического мультимедийного парка «Россия — моя история» в целях повышения уровня мотивации.The article contains a description of the necessary pedagogical conditions conducive to increasing the cognitive interest in the study of history among modern youth. The possibilities of using the historical multimedia park «Russia is my history» in order to increase the level of motivation are revealed

Thermodynamic similarity of stacked-cup multiwall carbon nanotubes and graphite

When conducting photo elicitation interviews (PEI), researchers introduce photographs into the interview context. Although PEI has been employed across a wide variety of disciplines and participants, little has been written about the use of photographs in interviews with children. In this article, the authors review the use of PEI in a research study that explored the perspectives on camp of children with cancer. In particular, they review some of the methodological and ethical challenges, including (a) who should take the photographs and (b) how the photographs should be integrated into the interview. Although some limitations exist, PEI in its various forms can challenge participants, trigger memory, lead to new perspectives, and assist with building trust and rapport

POLARIMETRIC RESEARCH OF PHARMACEUTICAL SUBSTANCES IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS WITH DIFFERENT WATER ISOTOPOLOGUES RATIO

Objective: Methodology development for quality control of optically active pharmaceutical substances based on water isotopologues. Methods: Solutions of L-ascorbic acid, glucose, galactose and valine stereoisomers were prepared using deuterium depleted water (DDW-«light» water, D/H=4 ppm), natural deionized high-ohmic water (BD, D/H=140 ppm), heavy water (99.9% D2O). The optical rotation was observed using an automatic polarimeter Atago POL-1/2. The size distribution of giant heterogeneous clusters (GHC) of water was recorded by low angle laser light scattering (LALLS) method. Results: The infringement of Biot's Law was found for solutions of ascorbic acid, expressed in the absence of a constant value of the specific optical rotation  at a concentration of below 0.1%, depends on the D/H ratio. The inequality was established in absolute values of optical rotation for L-and D-isomers of valine in solutions with different ratios of hydrogen isotopologues. The mutarotation of glucose confirmed the first-order kinetics, and the activation energies were statistically distinguishable for BD and DDW. The mutarotation of the natural galactose D-isomer proceeded with a lower energy consumption compared to the L-isomer. In heavy water, the mutarotation of monosaccharides had different kinetic mechanisms. Polarimetric results correlated with the number and size of GHC, which confirmed the possibility of chiral solvent structures induction by optically active pharmaceutical substances. Conclusion: In the optically active pharmaceutical substances quality control there should be considered the contribution of induced chiral GHC of water to the optical rotation value that depends on the isotopic D/H ratio, the substance nature and the form of its existence at a given pH