Magnesia Binder Preparation from Local Natural and Technogenic Raw Materials

The preparation of magnesia binders based on natural and technogenic mineral was the result of the research. The obtained magnesia binders possess the increased flexural and compressive strength which values are close to ones of natural materials. High flexural and compression strengths are associated with the features of the hardened caustic dolomite containing magnesium oxyhydrochlorides which crystallize as a fiber. The fibrous crystals not only increase the cement strength, but also act as a reinforcing material. The resulting magnesia binder does not require a moist environment at hardening. It is characterized by decorativeness and ecological compatibility, has a neutral hardening product composition

Magnesia Binder Preparation from Local Natural and Technogenic Raw Materials

The preparation of magnesia binders based on natural and technogenic mineral was the result of the research. The obtained magnesia binders possess the increased flexural and compressive strength which values are close to ones of natural materials. High flexural and compression strengths are associated with the features of the hardened caustic dolomite containing magnesium oxyhydrochlorides which crystallize as a fiber. The fibrous crystals not only increase the cement strength, but also act as a reinforcing material. The resulting magnesia binder does not require a moist environment at hardening. It is characterized by decorativeness and ecological compatibility, has a neutral hardening product composition

THE EXPERIENCE OF IMPLEMENTING P. YA. GALPERIN’S APPROACH IN THE PROCESS OF FORMING STUDENTS’ COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE

The article substantiates the importance of the formation of communicative competence at the present stage of education development, examines the role of group forms of learning in the formation of communicative skills. The authors present the experience of applying the concept of step-by-step formation of mental actions of P. Ya. Galperin for the development of students’ communicative competence.В статье обосновывается важность формирования коммуникативной компетентности на современном этапе развития образования, рассматривается роль групповых форм обучения в формировании коммуникативных умений. Авторами представлен опыт применения концепции поэтапного формирования умственных действий П.Я. Гальперина для развития коммуникативной компетентности студентов

Effect of Additive of Polymetallic Ores’ Tailings on Properties of Composite Cements

The article analyzes the use of polymetallic ores’ tailings as a basis for production of composite cements and concrete, having protective properties against gamma and X-rays radiation, as well as high strength and lifetime. The main practically significant result is: the development of scientific and technological production bases of new high-tech type of multicomponent hydraulic binders for concretes – composite cements; the identification of new hydration products in composite cements with addition of polymetallic ores’ tailings; the development of optimal compositions of composite cements for concretes. It is established that the composite cements, that developed by us on the basis of polymetallic ores’ tailings, meet modern requirements i.e. its improve the construction-technical properties of material, have positive effect to the environment situation and allow to reduce the production cost of the final product. Their technology is low metal-intensive and power-consuming. Studies of physical-chemical processes of composite cements structure formation with addition of polymetallic ores’ tailings have been conducted using methods such as chemical, X-ray phase, differential-thermal and electronmicroscopic analysis methods

Development and Testing of Low-Energy-Intensive Technology of Receiving Sulphate-Resistant and Road Portlandcement

The article presents the results of obtaining clinkers of sulfate resistant and road cement in the process of production tests. The use of man-made waste (lead slag, coal mining waste) as a clay component and additive is analyzed. X-ray, chemical analyzes of starting materials, clinkers and cements were carried out. The regularities of the influence of the compositions of charge, SC, modules, burning regimes on the chemical and mineralogical composition and quality of clinkers and cements, improvement of the rotary kiln operation, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and fuel consumption are established. Various methods of analysis were used, calculations of the composition of raw mixtures were carried out according to the program "Shikhta" and "RCC". The strength of factory and experimental cements was tested after 3, 7 and 28 days and after steaming. The physico-mechanical characteristics and structure of cements have been studied. We have developed and tested low energy-intensive technology and compiled a technological procedure for obtaining sulfate-resistant and road cements

Development of low-temperature thermochemical conversion reactors for coal power engineering

The main principles applied in developing a technology for low-temperature thermochemical conversion of brown coals to obtain fuel gas and semicoke intended for being fired in two-fuel power installations are considered on the basis of a set of experimental and calculated investigations. The obtained results are compared with the experimental data obtained using other methods and with the results of previous industrial tests. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Inc

Improving the Ranking of Russian Smart Cities

Вследствие тенденций цифровизации и урбанизации большую роль в реализации парадигмы устойчивого развития стал играть умный город, выступая основным объектом управления устойчивым развитием. Умный город должен стать устойчивым умным городом, и первый шаг в этом направлении - разработка системы «диагностики текущего состояния», или рейтинга умных городов, который учитывает не только международные стандарты, специфику развития российских городов, но и компоненты устойчивости развития. Гипотеза исследования состоит в том, что методика рейтингования должна отражать эти компоненты и быть основой для анализа динамики устойчивого развития в разрезе выбранных критериев и факторов. В основе разработанной методики, позволяющей оценивать города с численностью населения свыше 100 тыс. чел. в разрезе социальной, экологической, экономической и управленческой компонент лежат теория многомерных сравнений и метод расстояний. Комплексная оценка умного города включает 71 показатель, показатели сгруппированы в 8 критериев: человек, социальная сплоченность, экономика, управление, экология и окружающая среда, транспорт, градостроительство, технологии. Разработан рейтинг, включающий 171 город, и выявлены региональные особенности российских умных городов в разрезе представленных критериев. Статистической базой выступили российские и зарубежные статистические базы данных, а также данные отраслевых агентств. В пятерку разработанного рейтинга вошли города Москва, Санкт-Петербург, Балашиха, Краснодар и Казань. Среди значимых вывяленных региональных особенностей - лидерство Центрального федерального округа, а также сильная дифференциация по группам показателей «градостроительство» и «технологии». Ежегодный расчет комплексной оценки позволяет выявить динамику развития умных городов, оценить эффективность принимаемых решений и ход их реализации, планировать развитие городского хозяйства в рамках реализации федеральных и региональных проектов цифровизации РФ, а также принимать решения по повышению устойчивости городских агломераций при реализации проекта «Умный город».Digitalisation and urbanisation have led to smart city becoming a key element of the concept of sustainable development, acting as an object of sustainable development management. Thus, a smart city must become a sustainable smart city. The first step is the creation of the system of current state diagnostics or smart city ranking. This ranking should consider international standards, the specificity of Russian urban development, as well as various components of sustainable development. It is hypothesised that the ranking methodology reflecting these components can be used to analyse the dynamics of sustainable development based on the chosen criteria and factors. To assess social, environmental, economic and management components of cities with a population of more than 100,000 people, the proposed technique relies on the theory of multiple comparisons and the distance method. The comprehensive assessment of smart cities includes 71 indicators grouped into 8 criteria: people, social cohesion, economy, management, ecology and the environment, transport, urban planning, technology. The study analysed Russian and international statistical databases, as well as data from industry agencies. The ranking of 171 cities was developed; regional features of Russian smart cities were identified using the selected criteria. The cities of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Balashikha, Krasnodar and Kazan are at the top of the ranking. The leadership of the Central Federal District and a significant differentiation by the criteria “urban planning” and “technology” are the key regional features. Annual comprehensive assessment can be used to track the dynamics of the development of smart cities, evaluate the effectiveness of decision-making and implementation, plan urban development based on federal and regional digitalisation projects, as well as create strategies to enhance the sustainability of Russian smart cities

Synthetic gene for the hepatitis C virus nucleocapsid protein.

A synthetic gene encoding the hepatitis C virus (HCV) nucleocapsid protein was constructed and expressed in E. coli. To synthesize this gene, we developed a new method that results in the enzymatic synthesis of long polydeoxyribonucleotides from oligodeoxyribonucleotides. The method, designated as the 'Exchangeable Template Reaction' (ETR), uses oligonucleotides as templates for DNA polymerase. A special mechanism was designed to exchange the templates during the polymerase reaction. The mechanism relies on the formation of a single-stranded 3'-protrusion at the 'growing point' of the elongating DNA such that it can be subsequently annealed, in a sequence-specific manner, with the next synthetic oligonucleotide. When annealed to the 3'-protrusion, the added oligonucleotide becomes a template for DNA polymerase, and the protruding 3'-end of the double-stranded DNA is used as the primer. The HCV nucleocapsid gene was assembled with DNA ligase from three fragments synthesized by ETR. The data verify that this method is efficient. The main advantage of ETR is the ability to combine more than two oligonucleotides in one tube together with polymerase and an enzymatic activity that produces a 3'-protrusion (e.g., BstXI) rather than the sequential addition of each component. The data demonstrate that as many as five oligonucleotides can be used simultaneously, resulting in a synthesized DNA fragment of designed sequence. The synthetic gene expressed in E. coli produced a 27 kDa protein that specifically interacted with antibodies from sera obtained from HCV-infected individuals

Вynamics of light-absorption variations induced in a bismuth silicate crystal by visible laser illumination

We present the results of experimental studies of the dynamics of the photoinduced optical absorption in a bismuth silicate crystal subject to continuous laser irradiation with wavelengths of 532 and 655 nm. The semiconductor-laser light beam with the wavelength λ = 655 nm causes the crystal bleaching at this wavelength, whereas its exposure to a shorter-wavelength irradiation from the optical-spectrum green region with a wavelength of 532 nm increases the optical absorption at both wavelengths, of 532 and 655 nm. The experimental results are interpreted using the theoretical model which assumes that the crystal has deep defect centers of two types so that an electron at each of these centers can be in one of the states characterized by different photoionization cross sections