115 research outputs found
D0-brane description of the charged black hole
The charged black hole is considered from the viewpoint of D0-brane in the
Matrix theory. It can be obtained from the Kaluza-Klein mechanism by boosting
the Schwarzschild black hole in a circle, which is the compactified one
dimensional space. Especially, how the extremal limit is realized by the
Boltzmann gas of D0-brane, has been shown. In the course of our discussion, the
Virial theorem for the statistical average plays an important role.Comment: LaTeX file, no figure, 8 page
Classicalization of Quantum Fluctuation in Inflationary Universe
We discuss the classicalization of a quantum state induced by an environment
in the inflationary stage of the universe. The classicalization is necessary
for the homogeneous ground sate to become classical non-homogeneous one
accompanied with the statistical fluctuation, which is a plausible candidate
for the seeds of structure formation. Using simple models, we show that i) the
two classicalization criteria, the classical correlation and quantum
decoherence, are simultaneously satisfied by the environment and that ii) the
power spectrum of the resultant statistical fluctuation depends upon the detail
of the classicalization process. Especially, the result ii) means that, taking
account of the classicalization process, the inflationary scenario does not
necessarily predict the unique spectrum which is usually believed.Comment: 24 pages, Latex, 2 Postscript figure
Deformation of Schild String
We attempt to construct new superstring actions with a -plet of Majorana
fermions , where is the dimensional space-time
index and is the two dimensional spinor index, by deforming the Schild
action. As a result, we propose three kinds of actions: the first is invariant
under N=1 (the world-sheet) supersymmetry transformation and the
area-preserving diffeomorphism. The second contains the Yukawa type
interaction. The last possesses some non-locality because of bilinear terms of
. The reasons why completing a Schild type superstring action
with is difficult are finally discussed.Comment: 12 pages, Latex, both title and abstract are changed, discussion of
some relations among our results, Nambu-Goto string and super Yang-Mills
theories, added. Results unchange
Affleck-Dine leptogenesis via multiscalar evolution in a supersymmetric seesaw model
A leptogenesis scenario in a supersymmetric standard model extended with
introducing right-handed neutrinos is reconsidered. Lepton asymmetry is
produced in the condensate of a right-handed sneutrino via the Affleck-Dine
mechanism. The LH_u direction develops large value due to a negative effective
mass induced by the right-handed sneutrino condensate through the Yukawa
coupling of the right-handed neutrino, even if the minimum during the inflation
is fixed at the origin. The lepton asymmetry is nonperturbatively transfered to
the LH_u direction by this Yukawa coupling.Comment: 19 pages, 3 figures. Revised version for publication. The model was
modified to fix some problem
Progression from macular retinoschisis to retinal detachment in highly myopic eyes is associated with outer lamellar hole formation
Gravitational and dilaton radiation from a relativistic membrane
Recent scenarios of the TeV-scale brane cosmology suggest a possibility of
existence in the early universe of two-dimensional topological defects:
relativistic membranes. Like cosmic strings, oscillating membranes could emit
gravitational radiation contributing to a stochastic background of
gravitational waves. We calculate dilaton and gravitational radiation from a
closed toroidal membrane excited along one homology cycle. The spectral-angular
distributions of dilaton and gravitational radiation are obtained in a closed
form in terms of Bessel's functions. The angular distributions are affected by
oscillating factors due to an interference of radiation from different segments
of the membrane. The dilaton radiation power is dominated by a few lower
harmonics of the basic frequency, while the spectrum of the gravitational
radiation contains also a substantial contribution from higher harmonics. The
radiative lifetime of the membrane is determined by its tension and depends
weakly on the ratio of two radii of the torus. Qualitatively it is equal to the
ratio of the membrane area at the maximal extension to the gravitational radius
of the membrane as a whole.Comment: Latex error corrected (Fig.1 was called twice instead of Fig.4),
minor edits. Revtex4, 9 pages, 8 eps figure
Discrete Gravitational Dimensions
We study the physics of a single discrete gravitational extra dimension using
the effective field theory for massive gravitons. We first consider a minimal
discretization with 4D gravitons on the sites and nearest neighbor hopping
terms. At the linear level, 5D continuum physics is recovered correctly, but at
the non-linear level the theory becomes highly non-local in the discrete
dimension. There is a peculiar UV/IR connection, where the scale of strong
interactions at high energies is related to the radius of the dimension. These
new effects formally vanish in the limit of zero lattice spacing, but do not do
so quickly enough to reproduce the continuum physics consistently in an
effective field theory up to the 5D Planck scale. Nevertheless, this model does
make sense as an effective theory up to energies parametrically higher than the
compactification scale. In order to have a discrete theory that appears local
in the continuum limit, the lattice action must have interactions between
distant sites. We speculate on the relevance of these observations to the
construction of finite discrete theories of gravity in four dimensions.Comment: 5 pages, 4 diagrams. Important typos in some equations corrected;
conclusion s unchange
Non-thermal Leptogenesis and a Prediction of Inflaton Mass in a Supersymmetric SO(10) Model
The gravitino problem gives a severe constraint on the thermal leptogenesis
scenario. This problem leads us to consider some alternatives to it if we try
to keep the gravitino mass around the weak scale GeV. We
consider, in this paper, the non-thermal leptogenesis scenario in the framework
of a minimal supersymmetric SO(10) model. Even if we start with the same
minimal SO(10) model, we have different predictions for low-energy
phenomenologies dependent on the types of seesaw mechanism. This is the case
for leptogenesis: it is shown that the type-I see-saw model gives a consistent
scenario for the non-thermal leptogenesis but not for type-II. The predicted
inflaton mass needed to produce the observed baryon asymmetry of the universe
is found to be GeV for the reheating temperature
GeV.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figures; the version to appear in JCA
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