IL12, IL10, IFN? and TNF? expression in human primary monocytes stimulated with bacterial heat shock GroEL (HSp64) protein

PubMed: 27119521Actinobacillus (Aggregatibacter) actinomycetemicomitans (Aa) is a bacterium that lives in the oral cavity and plays an important role in periodontal diseases. The effect of A.actinomycetemcomitans’s heat shock family protein GroEL on host or immune cells including monocytes is quite limited. In this study, the recombinant A.actinomycetemcomitans’s GroEL protein (rAaGroEL) was used as an antigen and its effects on monocytes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was investigated. To do that, PBMCs were stimulated with rAaGroEL protein at different time points (16h to 96h) and the cytokines of CD14+ monocytes were detected with intracellular cytokine staining by Flow cytometry. Data showed that AaGroEL protein has an antigenic effect on human primary monocytes. AaGroEL protein responsive CD14 monocytes stimulates the expression of IL12, IL10, IFN? and TNF? cytokines with different kinetics and expression profile. Therefore, A. actinomycetemcomitans’s heat shock GroEL protein can modulate innate and adaptive immune responses and contribute to an inflammatory diseases pathology. © 2016 Nalbant, Saygılı. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited

Vkorc1 gene polymorphisms confer resistance to anticoagulant rodenticide in Turkish rats

Mutations in Exon 1, 2 and 3 of the vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (Vkorc1) gene are known to lead to anticoagulant rodenticide resistance. In order to investigate their putative resistance in rodenticides, we studied the genetic profile of the Vkorc1 gene in Turkish black rats (Rattus rattus) and brown rats (Rattus norvegicus). In this context, previously recorded Ala21Thr mutation (R. rattus) in Exon 1 region, Ile90Leu mutation (R. rattus, R. norvegicus) in Exon 2 region and Leu120Gln mutation (R. norvegicus) in Exon 3 region were identified as “missense mutations” causing amino acid changes. Ala21Thr mutation was first detected in one specimen of Turkish black rat despite the uncertainty of its relevance to resistance. Ile90Leu mutation accepted as neutral variant was detected in most of black rat specimens. Leu120Gln mutation related to anticoagulant rodenticide resistance was found in only one brown rat specimen. Furthermore, Ser74Asn, Gln77Pro (black rat) and Ser79Pro (brown rat) mutations that cause amino acid changes in the Exon 2 region but unclear whether they cause resistance were identified. In addition, “silent mutations” which do not cause amino acid changes were also defined; these mutations were Arg12Arg mutation in Exon 1 region, His68His, Ser81Ser, Ile82Ile and Leu94Leu mutations in Exon 2 region and Ile107Ile, Thr137Thr, Ala143Ala and Gln152Gln mutations in Exon 3 region. These silent mutations were found in both species except for Ser81Ser which was determined in only brown rats

Insulin alters the proliferation of subcutaneous and visceral adipose cells

Objective: Adipose tissue is the most abundant source of accessible stroma. The stromal cells proliferate and differentiate to mature adipocytes by different hormonal stimulus. Insulin was known to be associated with fat cell proliferation. The aim of this study was to investigate the varying concentrations of insulin effect on the proliferation of human subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue cultures. Subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue was obtained from a 34 years old female donor aged with a body mass index (BMI) of 34.1 kg/m2. Sromal vascular cells were isolated and cultured using modified procedures described by Entenmann and Hauner. For the proliferation assay, stromal-vascular cells from subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue cultures were fed with proliferation media containing 100 nM, 200 nM, 400 nM insulin, for 3 days. Cell numbers and sizes of proliferating cultures of human omental adipose tissue cultures increased more than human subcutaneous adipose tissue culture at the level of 100 nM and 200 nM insulin concentrations. All cells of adipose cultures died at the 400 nM insulin concentration. High insulin levels (400 nM) have a toxic effect on adipose cells. Insulin effects the number and size of omental adipose cells more than the subcutaneos adipose cells. © 2005 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC

INSULIN ALTERS THE PROLIFERATION OF SUBCUTANEOUS AND VISCERAL ADIPOSE CELLS

ABSTRAC

Thermogenic response in the hyperthyroid and hypothyroid

Thyroid hormone is important for facultative thermogenesis; in the absence of this hormone, the thermogenic response of brown adipose tissue, the major site of facultative thermogenesis in mammals is substantially reduced. The reduced obligatory thermogenesis in hypothyroidism is partially compensated by cutaneous vasoconstriction. Twenty hyperthyroide and 20 hypothyroide women were enrolled in the study. All the patients were evaluated for basaline thermogenic response in the first day. Next morning, all of them evaluated for thermogenic response after the mixed meal test. © 2005 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC

THERMOGENIC RESPONSE IN THE HYPERTHYROID AND HYPOTHYROID

ABSTRAC

Bleomycin-induced in vitro 3D spheroid model to emulate pulmonary fibrosis

[No Abstract Available]Ege University Scientific Research Fund (Grant number: FGA-2020-21686) and Presidency of the Republic of Turkey, Presidency of Strategy and Budget (Grant number: 2019K12-149080) are appreciated for their supports.Ege University Scientific Research Fund [FGA-2020-21686]; Presidency of the Republic of Turkey, Presidency of Strategy and Budget [2019K12-149080

Different propolis samples, phenolic content, and breast cancer cell lines: Variable cytotoxicity ranging from ineffective to potent

Researchers have started focusing on investigating the anticarcinogenic effects of natural products with the slightest side effects possible, because current breast cancer treatment approaches are unable to achieve absolute success especially on aggressive subtypes. Propolis is among these products with its antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. Therefore, seven different samples were collected from different regions (Argentina, China, and Istanbul-Turkey) and applied on nonaggressive breast cancer cell line (BCCL) MCF-7 and aggressive cell lines SK-BR-3, and MDA-MB-231. Initially, the phenolic/flavonoid constituents of the propolis ethanol extracts were investigated by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry (LS-MS/MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses. Then, the anticarcinogenic effects of the propolis samples on MCF-7, SK-BR-3, MDA-MB-231 were evaluated by WST1 analysis and only selected ones on MCF-10A and hPdLF. According to the LS-MS/MS and HPLC analysis, Turkey originated propolis (Turkey3) were found to be richer than the other propolis samples in terms of phenolic/flavonoid compounds. Turkey propolis significantly inhibited cell proliferation in both nonaggressive and aggressive BCCL (P < 0.01). Therefore, Turkey3 propolis was selected for further evaluation using Annexin V-PI apoptosis detection assays. In addition, selected compounds among the propolis contents such as galangin, caffeic acid, apigenin, quercetin, and ferulic acid were applied to the MCF-7 cell line to detect cytotoxic and apoptotic effects. Galangin, caffeic acid, apigenin, and quercetin remarkably induced cell proliferation inhibition at all time intervals, whereas ferulic acid was found non efficient on the MCF-7 cell line. Annexin V-PI assay clarified that all cell proliferation inhibitions were markedly apoptotic. Our findings indicated that the inhibition effect of propolis on breast cancer cell proliferation was in a propolis type-, dose- and time-dependent fashion. Turkey3 propolis showed statistically significant cytotoxic effects on both the nonaggressive and aggressive BCCL. These findings were consistent with the effects of its rich phenolic and flavonoid contents, in terms of variety. (c) 2018 IUBMB Life, 71(5):619-631, 201