The Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Survey (SXDS) -VII. Clustering Segregation with Ultraviolet and Optical Luminosities of Lyman-Break Galaxies at z~3

We investigate clustering properties of Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) at z~3 based on deep multi-waveband imaging data from optical to near-infrared wavelengths in the Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Field. The LBGs are selected by U-V and V-z' colors in one contiguous area of 561 arcmin^2 down to z'=25.5. We study the dependence of the clustering strength on rest-frame UV and optical magnitudes, which can be indicators of star formation rate and stellar mass, respectively. The correlation length is found to be a strong function of both UV and optical magnitudes with brighter galaxies being more clustered than faint ones in both cases. Furthermore, the correlation length is dependent on a combination of UV and optical magnitudes in the sense that galaxies bright in optical magnitude have large correlation lengths irrespective of UV magnitude, while galaxies faint in optical magnitude have correlation lengths decreasing with decreasing UV brightness. These results suggest that galaxies with large stellar masses always belong to massive halos in which they can have various star formation rates, while galaxies with small stellar masses reside in less massive halos only if they have low star formation rates. There appears to be an upper limit to the stellar mass and the star formation rate which is determined by the mass of hosting dark halos.Comment: 16 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in Ap

Luminosity dependent clustering of star-forming BzK galaxies at redshift 2

We use the BzK color selection proposed by Daddi et al. (2004) to obtain a sample of 1092 faint star-forming galaxies (hereafter sBzKs) from 180 arcmin^2 in the Subaru Deep Field. This sample represents star-forming galaxies at 1.4 < z < 2.5 down to K(AB)=23.2, which roughly corresponds to a stellar-mass limit of ~ 1 x 10^{10} Msun. We measure the angular correlation function (ACF) of these sBzKs to be w(theta) = (0.58 +- 0.13) x theta["]^{-0.8} and translate the amplitude into the correlation length assuming a reasonable redshift distribution. The resulting value, r0 = 3.2^{+0.6}_{-0.7} h^{-1} Mpc, suggests that our sBzKs reside in haloes with a typical mass of 2.8 x 10^{11} Msun. Combining this halo mass estimate with those for brighter samples of Kong et al. (2006), we find that the mass of dark haloes largely increases with K brightness, a measure of the stellar mass. Comparison with other galaxy populations suggests that faint sBzKs (K(AB)<23.2) and Lyman Break Galaxies at z ~ 2 are similar populations hosted by relatively low-mass haloes, while bright sBzKs (K(AB)<21) reside in haloes comparable to or more massive than those of Distant Red Galaxies and Extremely Red Objects. Using the extended Press-Schechter formalism, we predict that present-day descendants of haloes hosting sBzKs span a wide mass range depending on K brightness, from lower than that of the Milky Way up to those of richest clusters.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Ap

Improved α4\alpha^4 Term of the Electron Anomalous Magnetic Moment

We report a new value of electron $g-2$, or $a_e$, from 891 Feynman diagrams of order $\alpha^4$. The FORTRAN codes of 373 diagrams containing closed electron loops have been verified by at least two independent formulations. For the remaining 518 diagrams, which have no closed lepton loop, verification by a second formulation is not yet attempted because of the enormous amount of additional work required. However, these integrals have structures that allow extensive cross-checking as well as detailed comparison with lower-order diagrams through the renormalization procedure. No algebraic error has been uncovered for them. The numerical evaluation of the entire $\alpha^4$ term by the integration routine VEGAS gives $-1.7283 (35) (\alpha/\pi)^4$, where the uncertainty is obtained by careful examination of error estimates by VEGAS. This leads to $a_e = 1 159 652 175.86 (0.10) (0.26) (8.48) \times 10^{-12}$, where the uncertainties come from the $\alpha^4$ term, the estimated uncertainty of $\alpha^5$ term, and the inverse fine structure constant, $\alpha^{-1} = 137.036 000 3 (10)$, measured by atom interferometry combined with a frequency comb technique, respectively. The inverse fine structure constant $\alpha^{-1} (a_e)$ derived from the theory and the Seattle measurement of $a_e$ is $137.035 998 83 (51)$.Comment: 64 pages and 10 figures. Eq.(16) is corrected. Comments are added after Eq.(40

Improved α4\alpha^4 Term of the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment

We have completed the evaluation of all mass-dependent $\alpha^4$ QED contributions to the muon $g-2$, or $a_\mu$, in two or more different formulations. Their numerical values have been greatly improved by an extensive computer calculation. The new value of the dominant $\alpha^4$ term $A_2^{(8)} (m_\mu / m_e)$ is 132.6823 (72), which supersedes the old value 127.50 (41). The new value of the three-mass term $A_3^{(8)} (m_\mu / m_e, m_\mu / m_\tau)$ is 0.0376 (1). The term $A_2^{(8)} (m_\mu / m_\tau)$ is crudely estimated to be about 0.005 and may be ignored for now. The total QED contribution to $a_\mu$ is $116 584 719.58 (0.02)(1.15)(0.85) \times 10^{-11}$, where 0.02 and 1.15 are uncertainties in the $\alpha^4$ and $\alpha^5$ terms and 0.85 is from the uncertainty in $\alpha$ measured by atom interferometry. This raises the Standard Model prediction by $13.9 \times 10^{-11}$, or about 1/5 of the measurement uncertainty of $a_\mu$. It is within the noise of current uncertainty ($\sim 100 \times 10^{-11}$) in the estimated hadronic contributions to $a_\mu$.Comment: Appendix A has been rewritten extensively. It includes the 4th-order calculation for illustration. Version accepted by PR

Tenth-Order Lepton Anomalous Magnetic Moment -- Sixth-Order Vertices Containing Vacuum-Polarization Subdiagrams

This paper reports the values of contributions to the electron g-2 from 300 Feynman diagrams of the gauge-invariant Set III(a) and 450 Feynman diagrams of the gauge-invariant Set III(b). The evaluation is carried out in two versions. Version A is to start from the sixth-order magnetic anomaly M_6 obtained in the previous work. The mass-independent contributions of Set III(a) and Set III(b) are 2.1275 (2) and 3.3271 (6) in units of (alpha/pi)^5, respectively. Version B is based on the recently-developed automatic code generation scheme. This method yields 2.1271 (3) and 3.3271 (8) in units of (alpha/pi)^5, respectively. They are in excellent agreement with the results of the first method within the uncertainties of numerical integration. Combining these results as statistically independent we obtain the best values, 2.1273 (2), and 3.3271 (5) times (alpha/pi)^5, for the mass-independent contributions of the Set III(a) and Set III(b), respectively. We have also evaluated mass-dependent contributions of diagrams containing muon and/or tau-particle loop. Including them the total contribution of Set III(a) is 2.1349 (2) and that of Set III(b) is 3.3299 (5) in units of (alpha/pi)^5. The total contributions to the muon g-2 of various leptonic vacuum-polarization loops of Set III(a) and Set III(b) are 112.418 (32) and 15.407 (5) in units of (alpha/pi)^5, respectively.Comment: 31 pages, 4 figure

Monitoring Minute chances of Magnetic Maekers\u27 Susveptability by SV-GMR Needle-Type Probe

The aim of this study is to present the novel methodology for magnetic markers immunoassay measurements by spin valve giant magnetoresistive (SV-GMR) needle probe. Extremely small size and specific construction of this probe type allow detecting the changes of complex susceptibility directly from the sample. The needle-type probe consists of four SV-GMR elements connected in a Wheatstone bridge and it has sensitivity of 11 V/ T. The SV-GMR sensing element has dimensions of 40 m 75 m. This paper presents a setup feasible to perform spectroscopic magnetic markers measurement. It includes data related to signal changes caused by the magnetic markers dilution. It shows the influence of particle size changes (120 nm, 1 m, 3.5 m, 6.5 m) on real and imaginary parts of the complex susceptibility of the specimen. While performing measurements, probe sensing elements were placed inside the sample. Monitoring changes of samples susceptibility allows performing homogenous immunoassay measurements in a liquid phase by SV-GMR probe. Based on the measurement results, analytical model of changes of complex susceptibility is derived and described

Inclusive dileptonic rare B decays with an extra generation of vector-like quarks

We investigate the leading effects of extending the Standard Model of electroweak interactions by an extra iso-singlet up- and down- type quark pair on various distributions and total branching ratio of the inclusive B-> X_s l^+ l^- (l =e,\mu) rare B decays. The presence of the extra vector-like down quark $D$ results in the non-unitarity of the extended quark mixing matrix V, which in turn leads to b-> s FCNC at the tree level proportional to (V^\dagger V)_{sb}. On the other hand, the effective penguin and box vertex functions are sensitive to the mass of the extra iso-singlet up quark m_U. The experimental upper bound on BR(B-> X_s \mu^+ \mu^-) is used to constrain the parameters of the model. It is shown that the shapes of the differential branching ratio and forward-backward asymmetry distribution are very sensitive to the value of the model parameters. We also calculate the CP aymmetry distribution of the dileptonic decay in the vector-like quark model. It is shown that, for a typical choice of the model parameters, asymmetries up to around 10% can be achieved for certain values of the dilepton invariant mass.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figure

New-physics contributions to the forward-backward asymmetry in B -> K* mu+ mu-

We study the forward-backward asymmetry (AFB) and the differential branching ratio (DBR) in B -> K* mu+ mu- in the presence of new physics (NP) with different Lorentz structures. We consider NP contributions from vector-axial vector (VA), scalar-pseudoscalar (SP), and tensor (T) operators, as well as their combinations. We calculate the effects of these new Lorentz structures in the low-q^2 and high-q^2 regions, and explain their features through analytic approximations. We find two mechanisms that can give a significant deviation from the standard-model predictions, in the direction indicated by the recent measurement of AFB by the Belle experiment. They involve the addition of the following NP operators: (i) VA, or (ii) a combination of SP and T (slightly better than T alone). These two mechanisms can be distinguished through measurements of DBR in B -> K* mu+ mu- and AFB in B -> K mu+ mu-.Comment: 33 pages, revtex, 9 figures. Paper originally submitted with the wrong figures. This is corrected in the replacement. An incorrect factor of 2 found in a formula. This is corrected and figures modified. Conclusions unchanged. Typos correcte

kTk_T factorization of exclusive processes

We prove $k_T$ factorization theorem in perturbative QCD (PQCD) for exclusive processes by considering $\pi\gamma^*\to \gamma(\pi)$ and $B\to\gamma(\pi) l\bar\nu$. The relevant form factors are expressed as the convolution of hard amplitudes with two-parton meson wave functions in the impact parameter $b$ space, $b$ being conjugate to the parton transverse momenta $k_T$. The point is that on-shell valence partons carry longitudinal momenta initially, and acquire $k_T$ through collinear gluon exchanges. The $b$-dependent two-parton wave functions with an appropriate path for the Wilson links are gauge-invariant. The hard amplitudes, defined as the difference between the parton-level diagrams of on-shell external particles and their collinear approximation, are also gauge-invariant. We compare the predictions for two-body nonleptonic $B$ meson decays derived from $k_T$ factorization (the PQCD approach) and from collinear factorization (the QCD factorization approach).Comment: 11 pages, REVTEX, 5 figure