Airbrush robotic painting system: Experimental validation of a colour spray model

4noThis research is focused on developing a robotic painting system for artistic and graphic applications by means of an anthropomorphic robot equipped with an airbrush. Firstly, we introduce a mathematical colour spray model, based on a radially symmetric Gaussian distribution of colour intensity within the spray cone. Then, we present an experimental characterization of colour intensity in a spot, by varying the distance between airbrush and target surface and the spraying time. The experimental results of this pilot study validate the paint intensity model and provide the basis for further investigations.reservedmixedScalera, Lorenzo*; Mazzon, Enrico; Gallina, Paolo; Gasparetto, AlessandroScalera, Lorenzo; Mazzon, Enrico; Gallina, Paolo; Gasparetto, Alessandr

ARMADILLO REPEAT ONLY proteins confine Rho GTPase signalling to polar growth sites.

Polar growth requires the precise tuning of Rho GTPase signalling at distinct plasma membrane domains. The activity of Rho of plant (ROP) GTPases is regulated by the opposing action of guanine nucleotide-exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs). Whereas plant-specific ROPGEFs have been shown to be embedded in higher-level regulatory mechanisms involving membrane-bound receptor-like kinases, the regulation of GAPs has remained enigmatic. Here, we show that threeArabidopsisARMADILLO REPEAT ONLY (ARO) proteins are essential for the stabilization of growth sites in root hair cells and trichomes. AROs interact with ROP1 enhancer GAPs (RENGAPs) and bind to the plasma membrane via a conserved polybasic region at the ARO amino terminus. The ectopic spreading of ROP2 inaro2/3/4mutant root hair cells and the preferential interaction of AROs with active ROPs and anionic phospholipids suggests that AROs recruit RENGAPs into complexes with ROPs to confine ROP signalling to distinct membrane regions.Cell polarity that requires asymmetrical distribution of cellular components is important for plant growth and development. Here the authors identify a group of ARMADILLO domain proteins that collectively act in the polarized cell expansion of tip-growing cells by recruiting Rho of plant 1 (ROP1) enhancer GTPase-activating proteins and therefore ROP signalling to distinct plasma membrane sites

Author Correction: ARMADILLO REPEAT ONLY proteins confine Rho GTPase signalling to polar growth sites (Nature Plants, (2020), 6, 10, (1275-1288), 10.1038/s41477-020-00781-1).

In the version of this Article originally published, one affiliation of the author Pascal Falter-Braun was mistakenly omitted; they should have also been affiliated with the Department of Plant Systems Biology, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München. This error has now been corrected

A Novel Robotic System for Painting with Eyes

In this paper we present the preliminary analysis and results of a novel robotic system that allows a user to paint with eyes, using an eye tracker device and a collaborative robot. Eye tracking is a sensing technology that allows a computer to detect where a person is looking (point of gaze). This technology is used to control the motion of a collaborative robot that paints on a canvas based on the detected input. Results show the feasibility of the robotic system and its possible future application as a tool for artistic and creative painting by people with disabilities who cannot use their hands, or that have lost the control of all or part of their muscles