Preclinical electrogastrography in experimental pigs

Surface electrogastrography (EGG) is a non-invasive means of recording gastric myoelectric activity or slow waves from cutaneous leads placed over the stomach. This paper provides a comprehensive review of preclinical EGG. Our group recently set up and worked out the methods for EGG in experimental pigs. We gained our initial experience in the use of EGG in assessment of porcine gastric myoelectric activity after volume challenge and after intragastric administration of itopride and erythromycin. The mean dominant frequency in pigs is comparable with that found in humans. EGG in experimental pigs is feasible. Experimental EGG is an important basis for further preclinical projects in pharmacology and toxicology

Oral bioavailability in pigs of a miconazole/Hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin/ L-tataric acid inclusion complex produced by supercritical carbon dioxide processing

The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of miconazole after oral administration of a miconazole/hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin(HPγCD)/ L-tartaric acid inclusion complex produced by supercritical carbon dioxide processing. The pharmacokinetics of the miconazole ternary complex (CPLX), of the corresponding physical mixture (PHYS), and of miconazole alone (MICO) were compared after oral administration. Six mixed-breed pigs received each formulation as a single dose (10 mg miconazole/kg) in a crossover design. Miconazole plasma concentrations were determined by a high-performance liquid chromatography method. Preliminary in vitro dissolution data showed that CPLX exhibits a faster and higher dissolution rate than either PHYS or MICO. Following CPLX oral administration, mean area under the plasma concentration curve (AUC0−∞) for miconazole was 95.0±55.8 μg/min/mL, with the peak plasma concentration (Cmax 0.59±0.39 μg/mL) at 19.30 minutes. The AUC0−∞ and Cmax values were significantly higher than those after oral administration of PHYS (AUC0−∞ 38.5±12.7 μg/min/mL and Cmax 0.24±0.08 μg/mL;P<.1) and of MICO (AUC0−∞ 24.1±14.0 μg/min/mL and Cmax 0.1±0.05 μg/mL;P<.1). There were also significant differences between PHYS and MICO (P<.1). The results of the study indicate that CPLX shows improved dissolution properties and a higher relative oral bioavailability compared with PHYS and MICO