Efikasnost ulja karanfilića kao anestetika za cverglana (Ictalurus punctatus raf.)

Cilj rada je bio da se odredi optimalna koncetracija ulja karanfilića potrebna za anesteziju i oporavak dvogodišnjeg cverglana. Eksperimenti su izvedeni u laboratorijskim uslovima. Ispitivano je dejstvo tri koncentracije: 0.02 ml.l-1, 0.04 ml.l-1 i 0.06 ml.l-1. Tokom procesa anesteziranja je praćeno i analizirano ponašanje riba. Koncetracija od 0.02 ml.l-1 je imala sedativan efekat na ribe i dovela do poremećaja ravnoteže. Pri koncentraciji od 0.04 ml.l-1 90% riba je bilo potpuno imobilisano u roku od 3.17 to 6 min. Pri najvišoj koncetraciji, od 0.06 ml.l-1, sve ribe su bile potpuno imobilisane u roku od 2 do 4 minuta

BODY LENGTH AND BODY WEIGHT RATIO CHARACTERISTICS OF ONE-SUMMER -OLD WELS (SILURUS GLANIS L.)

Abstract ZAIKOV, A., T. HUBENOVA, I. ILIEV and P. VASILEVA, 2008. Body length and body weight rate characteristics of one-summer-old wels (Silurus glanis L.). Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., In the present research length and weight characteristics of 798 one-summer-old wels were measured, 707 of which with body weight below 50 g and 91 above 50 g respectively. They were reared in earth pond and fed on natural food. To be more demonstrative while tracing the body weight and length rate, besides the summarized data, the specimens were divided according to their body weight into groups within each one of the first two groups. The research proves that the difference in weight and length of the body between the two groups at onesummer-old age is significant (P<0.001). The correlation between weight and length growth of the body can be described by means of an equation of the type BW=0.0109SL 2.8581 (r=0.9862) in the group with body weight below 50 g and BW=0.0142SL 2.7809 (r=0.951) in the group with body weight above 50 g. For both groups of onesummer old fish studied, the coefficient of Fulton was determined. According to this index, between both groups analyzed there is a difference, which is statistically authentic at p<0.001***. The body length and body weight rate characteristics of one-summer old wels, produced from one spawner and grown in identical conditions vary considerably variation as regards body weight (BW, g) and body standard length (SL, cm), 154.33% and 41.49%, respectively. Fish with body weight below 50 g have represented 88.6% and those with body weight above 50 g -11.4%

Prey size selectivity of pikeperch (Sander Lucioperca L.) fed with topmouth gudgeon (Pseudorasbora Parva Temminck & Schlegel)

Abstract. The aim of this study is to examine the size selectivity of the pikeperch fed with one of the most widespread weed fish in fish farms, such as topmouth gudgeon (Pseudorasbora parva Temminck & Schlegel). Topmouth gudgeon (Pseudorasbora parva Temminck & Schlegel), separated in two size groups: large - group 1 (body weight of the specimens 8.63 ± 2.68 g, total length 9.58 ± 0.92 cm, and height of the body 2.06 ± 0.33 cm) and small - group 2 (body weight of the specimens 1.10 ± 0.36 g, average total body length of 5 ± 0.62 cm, and height of 0.85 ± 0.13 cm), were used for prey. The experiment was carried out under controlled laboratory conditions, in the course of 40 days, in 7 tanks. One pikeperch and 10 topmouth gudgeons from both size groups, in total 20 preys were placed in each tank. During the experimental period it was observed that pikeperch preferred to feed on smaller individuals, the difference in the number of consumed small and large fish is approximately 2 times (70 to 34, respectively)

Role of Microorganisms in Microbial Fuel Cells for Bioelectricity Production

The catalytic microorganisms oxidise the organic matter to produce electrical energy in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). The microorganisms that can shuttle the electrons exogenously to the electrode surface without utilising artificial mediators are referred as exoelectrogens. The microorganisms produce specific proteins or genes for their inevitable performance towards electricity generation in MFCs. Multiple studies have confirmed the expression of certain genes for outer membrane multiheme cytochromes (e.g. OmcZ), redox-active compounds (e.g. pyocyanin), conductive pili, and their potential roles in the exoelectrogenic activity of various microorganisms, particularly in the members of Geobacteraceae and Shewanellaceae family. This chapter explores the various mechanisms of microorganisms that are advantageous for the technology: biofilm formation, metabolism, electron transfer mechanisms from inside the microorganisms to the electrodes and vice versa

Safety and efficacy of inactivated varicella zoster virus vaccine in immunocompromised patients with malignancies: a two-arm, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial

Background Patients who are immunocompromised because of malignancy have an increased risk of herpes zoster and herpes zoster-related complications. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of an inactivated varicella zoster virus (VZV) vaccine for herpes zoster prevention in patients with solid tumour or haematological malignancies.Methods This phase 3, two-ann, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, inulticentre trial with an adaptive design was done in 329 centres across 40 countries. The trial included adult patients with solid tumour malignancies receiving chemotherapy and those with haematological malignancies, either receiving or not receiving chemotherapy. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive four doses of VZV vaccine inactivated by v irradiation or placebo approximately 30 days apart. The patients, investigators, trial site staff, clinical adjudication committee, and sponsor's clinical and laboratory personnel were masked to the group assignment. The primary efficacy endpoint was herpes zoster incidence in patients with solid tumour malignancies receiving chemotherapy, which was assessed in the modified intention-to-treat population (defined as all randomly assigned patients who received at least one dose of inactivated VZV vaccine or placebo). The primary safety endpoint was serious adverse events up to 28 days after the fourth dose in patients with solid tumour malignancies receiving chemotherapy. Safety endpoints were assessed in all patients who received at least one dose of inactivated VZV vaccine or placebo and had follow-up data. This trial is registered (NCT01254630 and EudraCT 2010-023156-89).Findings Between June 27, 2011, and April 11,2017,5286 patients were randomly assigned to receive VZV vaccine inactivated by gamma irradiation (n=2637) or placebo (n=2649). The haematological malignancy arm was terminated early because of evidence of futility at a planned interim analysis; therefore, all prespecified haematological malignancy endpoints were deemed exploratory. In patients with solid tumour malignancies in the modified intention-to-treat population, confirmed herpes zoster occurred in 22 of 1328 (6.7 per 1000 person-years) VZV vaccine recipients and in 61 of 1350 (18.5 per 1000 person-years) placebo recipients. Estimated vaccine efficacy against herpes zoster in patients with solid tumour malignancies was 63.6% (97.5% CI 36.4 to 79.1), meeting the prespecified success criterion. In patients with solid tumour malignancies, serious adverse events were similar in frequency across treatment groups, occurring in 298 (22.5%) of 1322 patients who received the vaccine and in 283 (21.0%) of 1346 patients who received placebo (risk difference 1.5%, 95% CI -1.7 to 4.6). Vaccine-related serious adverse events were less than 1% in each treatment group. Vaccine-related injection-site reactions were more common in the vaccine group than in the placebo group. In the haematological malignancy group, VZV vaccine was well tolerated and estimated vaccine efficacy against herpes zoster was 16.8% (95% CI -17.8 to 41.3).Interpretation The inactivated VZV vaccine was well tolerated and efficacious for herpes zoster prevention in patients with solid tumour malignancies receiving chemotherapy, but was not efficacious for herpes zoster prevention in patients with haematological malignancies. Copyright (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved