4-OH-TEMPO prevents the morphological alteration of rat thymocytes primed to apoptosis by oxidative stress inducer ButOOH

Thymocytes exposed to the pro-oxidant tert–butyl-hydroperoxide (ButOOH) display a number of dramatic changes in morphology similar to those observed in the case of dexamethasone-treated cells. Both reagents induce nuclear chromatin peripheral aggregation below the nuclear membrane. Some nuclei themselves break up producing two or more fragments. ButOOH-treated cells are morphologically characterised by cell shrinkage, extensive surface blebbing and, finally, fragmentation into membrane–bound apoptotic bodies composed of cytoplasm and tightly packed with or without nuclear fragments. An increased level of lipid hydroxyperoxides was detected after exposure of thymocytes to ButOOH. Both oxidative stress markers and morphological damage to cells were prevented by the antioxidant 4-OH-TEMPO

Echometric surveys of salt caverns filled with gas by means of the Echosonda Chemkop sonar

Metoda echometryczna pozwala na pomiar wielkości i kształtu kawernowych podziemnych magazynów gazu. Pomiary ultradźwiękowe w gazie wymagają prawidłowego przystosowania aparatury pomiarowej oraz opracowania odpowiedniej metodyki pomiaru. Dzięki zastosowaniu Echosondy CHEMKOP, do końca 2016 roku z sukcesem wykonano 9 pomiarów echometrycznych kawern zlokalizowanych w złożach soli wypełnionych gazem ziemnym pod ciśnieniem. Skuteczność pomiaru potwierdzona została zarówno przy małych jak i dużych ciśnieniach. Prace zostały zrealizowane w sposób zapewniający pełne bezpieczeństwo w środowisku gazowym przy ciśnieniu głowicowym wynoszącym nawet 21 MPa.The echometric method allows to measure size and shape of underground cavern gas storages. Ultrasonic measurements in gas require proper adaptation of the measuring apparatus and development of an adequate measurement methodology. By using Echosonda CHEMKOP sonar, till the end of 2016 year, nine echometric measurements of cavern located in salt deposit filled with natural gas under pressure was made with success. Effectiveness of the measurements was proven both for low and high pressures. Works were performed in a method that ensures full safety in gas environment with the wellhead pressure reaching even 21 MPa