The effects of product similarities on brand extension strategies and a practice on three different brands

Marka yayma stratejisi, başarılı bir marka adının yeni ürün gruplarında veya ürün farklılaştırılmalarında aynen kullanılmasıdır Tüketicilerin marka yayma ile ilgili algılarında ve değerlendirmelerinde, asıl markanın algılanan kalitesi ve marka yaymaya dahil ürünlerin birbiriyle olan benzerliği önemli bir etkiye sahiptir. Bir marka yayma için benzerliğin önemi bulunmaktadır. Bunun sebebi ise, mevcut ve yayma ürünler arasındaki benzerlik büyük olduğunda, yeni ürüne olumlu ve olumsuz etkinin aktarılması da büyük olabilmektedir. Ayrıca, asıl marka ve yayma arasındaki algılanan benzerlik büyük olursa, yayma da olumlu değerlendirilebilmektedir. Araştırmanın amacı, marka yayma stratejilerinde ürün benzerliğinin tüketici değerlendirmesindeki etkisinin araştırılmasıdır. İstatistiki testlerde üç farklı marka kullanılmıştır. Bu sonuçlara göre, asıl marka hakkındaki olumlu görüş ile yayma ürünlerin benzerlik değerlendirmeleri arasında ve yayma ürünler arasındaki benzerlik düzeyiyle, yayma değerlendirmeleri arasında bir ilişki bulunmuştur.Brand extension strategy is an effort to extend a succesfull brand name to launch new or modified products or lines. Brand extension attitudes are influenced by the percieved quality of the core brand and the fit between the extended products. The similarity is important for brand extension because the greater perceived similarity between the current and new product leads to a greater transfer of positive or negative effect to the new product. Furthermore, higher levels of perceived fit between core brand and extension will lead to more favorable evaluations of the extension. The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of brand extension strategies on consumers' attitudes regarding the product similarity. Three different brands are used for the statistical analysis. According to the results, there is a relationship between the favorable opinion about core brand and the evaluation of similarity for extended products. Furthermore, there is a relationship between the similarity of extended products and extension evaluations

Prostatic duct adenocarcinoma with endometrioid features: report of a rare case and brief review of the literature

We report the case of a 78-year-old male patient who presented with dysuria and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). After routine blood and urine analysis, the patient underwent ultrasonography which revealed a hypertrophied and inhomogenous prostate extending to the bladder neck. Open biopsy from the bladder neck was performed. The histopathological findings were found to be consistent with prostatic duct adenocarcinoma with endometrioid features.Key Words: Prostate, duct, carcinoma, endometrioid, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), dysuria

Coronary artery bypass surgery in a patient with Kartagener syndrome: a case report and literature review

Kartagener syndrome consists of congenital bronchiectasis, sinusitis, and total situs inversus in half of the patients. A patient diagnosed with Kartagener syndrome was reffered to our department due to 3-vessel coronary disease. An off-pump coronary artery bypass operation was performed using both internal thoracic arteries and a saphenous vein graft. We performed a literature review for cases with Kartagener syndrome, coronary surgery and dextrocardia. Although a few cases of dextrocardia were found in the literature, no case of Kartagener syndrome was mentioned