The financial market crisis – breaking the vicious circle to avoid the credit crunch?

The article is devoted to the financial market crisis, which started in July 2007 and how it became the biggest financial crisis since the Great Depreession. The article submins the information about the impacts of the crisis all over the world and the role of central banks and governments in fighting the crisis. It also gives some suggestions for stabilizing financial markets in the future. = Статья посвящена кризису финансового рынка, который начался в июле 2007г. и стал самым крупным финансовым кризисом со времен Великой Депрессии. В статье предоставлена информация о влиянии кризиса во всем мире и роли центральных банков и правительства в борьбе с кризисом. Также даны рекомендации по стабилизации финансовых рынков в будущем

The Transition from German to English in the Missouri Synod from 1910-1947

One of the features that marks the Missouri Synod is the fact that for a long period of time it has been able to retain the German language. For years it has held to the German language as a defense against liberalism and rationalism

Spectral properties of Bunimovich mushroom billiards

Properties of a quantum mushroom billiard in the form of a superconducting microwave resonator have been investigated. They reveal unexpected nonuniversal features such as, e.g., a supershell effect in the level density and a dip in the nearest-neighbor spacing distribution. Theoretical predictions for the quantum properties of mixed systems rely on the sharp separability of phase space - an unusual property met by mushroom billiards. We however find deviations which are ascribed to the presence of dynamic tunneling.Comment: 4 pages, 7 .eps-figure

Leadership on the Commons: Wealth Distribution, Co-provision and Service Delivery

There has been a long running debate among public choice theorists on the effects of heterogeneity on collective action. Our longitudinal study leads us to conclude that collective action outcomes are shaped not simply by the attributes of heterogeneity themselves but by the processes by which those attributes interact over-time with the bio-physical and institutional environment. From a methodological point of view how one integrates conceptualization of forms of heterogeneity with recognition of their axis of influence; themselves dependent upon attributes of field-level situations is crucial for analysis of collective action. These findings have public policy implications for targeting of poor and non-poor resource users and management of environmental feedback loops

Conjunctions of governance: the state and the conservation-development nexus in Southern Africa

Abstract: From the fortress conservation paradigm in the 1960s and 1970s to the community based conservation paradigm of the 1980s and 1990s, the ideological linkage of people and conservation of natural resources in Africa seemed to have progressed towards local ownership and local management. At present, however, it looks as though the limits of community ownership over natural resources have been reached. According to powerful actors on the conservation scene, local people in Africa have not been able to effectively conserve their wildlife and biodiversity and thus – in their view - a more enforcing style of conservation, separated from local people, is needed again. Although this trend is still in its infancy, it is promoted with rigour and backed b

Nonperiodic echoes from mushroom billiard hats

Mushroom billiards have the remarkable property to show one or more clear cut integrable islands in one or several chaotic seas, without any fractal boundaries. The islands correspond to orbits confined to the hats of the mushrooms, which they share with the chaotic orbits. It is thus interesting to ask how long a chaotic orbit will remain in the hat before returning to the stem. This question is equivalent to the inquiry about delay times for scattering from the hat of the mushroom into an opening where the stem should be. For fixed angular momentum we find that no more than three different delay times are possible. This induces striking nonperiodic structures in the delay times that may be of importance for mesoscopic devices and should be accessible to microwave experiments.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Rev. E without the appendi