Measurement of the neutrino mixing angle ?23 in NOvA

This Letter reports new results on muon neutrino disappearance from NOvA, using a 14 kton detector equivalent exposure of 6.05×1020 protons on target from the NuMI beam at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. The measurement probes the muon-tau symmetry hypothesis that requires maximal ?23 mixing (?23=p/4). Assuming the normal mass hierarchy, we find ?m232=(2.67±0.11)×10-3??eV2 and sin2?23 at the two statistically degenerate values 0.404 +0.030-0.022 and 0.624 +0.022-0.030, both at the 68% confidence level. Our data disfavor the maximal mixing scenario with 2.6s significance

Constraints on oscillation parameters from ?e appearance and ?µ disappearance in NOvA

Results are reported from an improved measurement of ?µ??e transitions by the NOvA experiment. Using an exposure equivalent to 6.05×1020 protons on target, 33 ?e candidates are observed with a background of 8.2±0.8 (syst.). Combined with the latest NOvA ?µ disappearance data and external constraints from reactor experiments on sin22?13, the hypothesis of inverted mass hierarchy with ?23 in the lower octant is disfavored at greater than 93% C.L. for all values of dCP

Patient knowledge and beliefs about knee osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate Injury and reconstruction

© 2016, American College of RheumatologyObjective: To explore patients’ knowledge and beliefs about osteoarthritis (OA) and OA risk following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, to explore the extent to which information about these risks is provided by health professionals, and to examine associations among participant characteristics, knowledge, and risk beliefs and health professional advice. Methods: A custom-designed survey was conducted in Australian and American adults who sustained an ACL injury, with or without reconstruction, 1–5 years prior. The survey comprised 3 sections: participant characteristics, knowledge about OA and OA risk, and health professional advice. Results: Complete data sets from 233 eligible respondents were analyzed. Most (70%, n = 164) rated themselves as being at greater risk of OA than their healthy peers, although only 56% (n = 130) were able to identify the correct OA definition. While most agreed that ACL (73%, n = 168) and/or meniscal injuries (n = 181, 78%) increase the risk of OA, 65% (n = 152) believed that ACL reconstruction reduced the risk of OA, or they did not know. A total of 27% (n = 62) recalled discussing their OA risk with a health professional. Participants who were female, younger, or had a lower body mass index or higher physical activity level were more likely to recognize meniscal tears and meniscectomy as risk factors of OA. A history of professional advice was associated with beliefs about increased OA risks. Conclusion: Patients sustaining an ACL injury require better education from health professionals about OA as a disease entity and their elevated risk of OA, irrespective of whether or not they undergo surgical reconstruction