10 research outputs found

    Long-term outcomes of a novel method of femoropopliteal bypass

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    Aim. To analyze the long-term outcomes of a novel method of femoropopliteal bypass (FPB) surgery.Material and methods. This retrospective, open-label, comparative study for the period from October 1, 2016 to December 25, 2019 at the Research Institute of the S. V. Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital №1 (Krasnodar Krai) included 473 patient who underwent FBP. Depending on the type of graft, 5 groups were formed: group 1 (n=266) — reversed vein (great saphenous vein (GSV)); group 2 (n=59) — autologous vein graft (GSV) prepared in situ; group 3 (n=66) — autologous vein graft (GSV) prepared ex situ; group 4 (n=9) — synthetic graft (Jotec, Germany); group 5 (n=73) — upper limb veins. In all cases, Multislice computed tomography angiography revealed an extended (25 cm or more) Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus (TASC II) class D occlusion of the superficial femoral artery. The longterm follow-up period was 16,6±10,3 months. The technical result of novel FPB technique was achieved using proposed type of an autologous vein graft preparation, in which, after GSV isolation, ex situ valvulotomy was performed, followed by the non-reversed subfascial orthotopic graft passage along the neurovascular bundle by tunneling (Sheath Tunneler Set; Peripheral Vascular, USA) soft tissues. The GSV ex situ was prepared as follows: the GSV was isolated from the saphenofemoral fistula in the distal direction to the required length and removed from the wound. Further, valvulotomy was performed through the proximal end of GSV. Then the valvulotome was removed and a metal cannula was inserted. Through it, a saline solution at indoor temperature with unfractionated heparin was injected into the GSV lumen, simulating blood flow, and the quality of the performed valvulotomy was assessed.Results. In the inhospital postoperative period, all complications developed in groups 1, 2, 3 and 5. However, no significant intergroup statistical differences were found. In the long-term follow-up, there were no significant intergroup differences in the prevalence of deaths (group 1: 4,6%; group 2: 1,7%; group 3: 4,6%; group 4: 0%; group 5: 2,8%; p=0,78), myocardial infarction (group 1: 1,9%; group 2: 0%; group 3: 1,5%; group 4: 0%; group 5: 0%; p=0,62), ischemic stroke (group 1: 0,8%; group 2: 1,7%; group 3: 1,5%; group 4: 0%; group 5: 0%; p=0,8) and shunt thrombosis (group 1: 14,5%; group 2: 19,3%; group 3: 18,5%; group 4: 44,4%; group 5: 19,7%; p=0,16). However, the highest number of limb amputations (group 1: 4,2%; group 2: 5,3%; group 3: 9,2%; group 4: 22,2%; group 5: 1,4%; p=0,03) and the highest rate of composite endpoint (sum of all complications) (group 1: 26,0%; group 2: 28,1%; group 3: 35,4%; group 4: 66,7%; group 5: 23 ,9%; p=0,05) were observed in patients with synthetic prosthesis.Conclusion. FPB with the autologous vein graft ex situ is characterized by a comparable inhospital and long-term outcomes with BPS using the reversed autologous vein and autologous vein in situ. Thus, this surgical technique may become one of the preferable operations for patients with extended occlusion of the superficial femoral artery

    Прогнозирование развития тромбоза бедренноподколенного шунта в отдаленном периоде наблюдения

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    Aim of study. The development of a program for predicting thrombosis with subsequent amputation of a limb in the long-term period after femoral-popliteal bypass (FPB).Material and methods. This is a retrospective open comparative study performed from January 10, 2016 to December 25, 2019 at Research Institute – Professor S.V. Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1 of the Ministry of Health of the Krasnodar Territory, Krasnodar, which included 473 patients who underwent FPB. Depending on the type of bypass, five groups were formed: Group 1 (n=266), reversed vein (great saphenous vein (GSV); Group 2 (n=59), autovenous vein (GSV), prepared in situ; Group 3 (n=66), autovenous vein (GSV), prepared ex situ; Group 4 (n=9) synthetic graft (Jotec, Germany); Group 5 (n=73), veins of the upper limb (forearm and shoulder). In all cases of observation, multislice computed tomography with angiography revealed an extensive (25 cm or more) atherosclerotic occlusive lesion of the superficial femoral artery, corresponding to type D according to the transatlantic consensus (TASC II). The long-term followup period was 16.6±10.3 months.Results. During the hospital postoperative period, all complications developed in groups 1, 2, 3 and 5. However, no significant intergroup statistical differences were found. In the long-term follow-up period, according to the mortality rate (group 1: 4.6%; group 2: 1.7%; group 3: 4.6%; group 4: 0%; group 5: 2.8%; p=0.78), myocardial infarction (group 1: 1.9%; group 2: 0%; group 3: 1.5%; group 4: 0%; group 5: 0%; p=0.62), ischemic stroke (group 1: 0.8%; group 2: 1.7%; group 3: 1.5%; group 4: 0%; group 5: 0%; p=0.8) and bybass thrombosis (group 1: 14.5%; group 2: 19.3%; group 3: 18.5%; group 4: 44.4%; group 5: 19.7%; p=0.16), no significant intergroup differences were identified. However, the largest number of limb amputations (group 1: 4.2%; group 2: 5.3%; group 3: 9.2%; group 4: 22.2%; group 5: 1.4%; p=0.03) and the maximum composite endpoint (sum of all complications) (group 1: 26.0%; group 2: 28.1%; group 3: 35.4%; group 4: 66.7%; group 5: 23 .9%; p=0.05) were observed after the use of a synthetic graft. Using “random forest” analysis, a model and computer program was created that allows, the risk (low, medium, high) of developing bypass thrombosis to be assessed interactively, based on clinical, anamnestic, demographic and perioperative data, with subsequent amputation after FPB in the long-term follow-up period.Conclusions. Revascularization strategy for patients with extended atherosclerotic lesions of the femoropopliteal segment should be determined individually and only by a multidisciplinary council. The conduit of choice for femoral-popliteal bypass surgery is an autovenous graft. Synthetic prostheses can only be used in the absence of the latter. To identify a group of patients with a high risk of thrombosis of the femoral-popliteal bypass and limb amputation in the long-term follow-up period, the created risk stratification program for the development of these complications can be used. Precision supervision of these patients in the postoperative period will make it possible to prevent these adverse events in time.Цель. Разработка программы прогнозирования тромбоза шунта с последующей ампутацией конечности в отдаленном периоде после бедренно-подколенного шунтирования (БПШ).Материал и методы. В настоящее ретроспективное открытое сравнительное исследование за период с 10.01.2016 по 25.12.2019 год в ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт – Краевая клиническая больница № 1 им. профессора С.В. Очаповского» Министерства здравоохранения Краснодарского края, Краснодар были включены 473 пациента, которым выполняли БПШ. В зависимости от вида шунта сформировано пять групп: 1-я группа (n=266) — реверсированная вена (большая подкожная вена (БПВ)); 2-я группа (n=59) — аутовена (БПВ), подготовленная “in situ”; 3-я группа (n=66) — аутовена (БПВ), подготовленная “ex situ”; 4-я группа (n=9) — синтетический протез (Jotec, Германия); 5-я группа (n=73) — вены верхней конечности (предплечье и плечо). Во всех наблюдениях по данным мультиспиральной компьютерной томографии с ангиографией было выявлено протяженное (25 см и более) атеросклеротическое окклюзионное поражение поверхностной бедренной артерии, соответствующее типу D согласно трансатлантическому консенсусу (TASC II). Отдаленный период наблюдения составил 16,6±10,3 месяца.Результаты. В госпитальном послеоперационном периоде все осложнения развились в 1-й, 2-й, 3-й и 5-й группах. Тем не менее, значимых межгрупповых статистических различий выявлено не было. В отдаленном периоде наблюдения по частоте смертельного исхода (группа 1: 4,6%; группа 2: 1,7%; группа 3: 4,6%; группа 4: 0%; группа 5: 2,8%; р=0,78), инфаркта миокарда (группа 1: 1,9%; группа 2: 0%; группа 3: 1,5%; группа 4: 0%; группа 5: 0%; р=0,62), ишемического инсульта (группа 1: 0,8%; группа 2: 1,7%; группа 3: 1,5%; группа 4: 0%; группа 5: 0%; р=0,8) и тромбоза шунта (группа 1: 14,5%; группа 2: 19,3%; группа 3: 18,5%; группа 4: 44,4%; группа 5: 19,7%; р=0,16) значимых межгрупповых различий не выявлено. Однако наибольшее число ампутаций конечности (группа 1: 4,2%; группа 2: 5,3%; группа 3: 9,2%; группа 4: 22,2%; группа 5: 1,4%; р=0,03) и максимальный показатель комбинированной конечной точки (сумма всех осложнений) (группа 1: 26,0%; группа 2: 28,1%; группа 3: 35,4%; группа 4: 66,7%; группа 5: 23,9%; р=0,05) наблюдались после применения синтетического протеза. С применением анализа «случайного леса» была создана модель и компьютерная программа, позволяющая в интерактивном режиме на основе клинико-анамнестических, демографических и периоперацинных данных оценить риск (низкий, средний, высокий) развития тромбоза шунта с последующей ампутацией после БПШ в отдаленном периоде наблюдения.Заключение. Стратегия реваскуляризации пациентов с протяженным атеросклеротическим поражением бедренно-подколенного сегмента должна определяться персонифицированно и только мультидисциплинарным консилиумом. Кондуитом выбора для бедренно-подколенного шунтирования является аутовенозный трансплантат. Синтетические протезы могут применяться только в отсутствии последнего. Для идентификации когорты больных с высоким риском тромбоза бедренноподколенного шунта и ампутации конечности в отдаленном периоде наблюдения может применяться созданная программа стратификации риска развития данных осложнений. Прецизионная курация этих пациентов в послеоперационном периоде позволит вовремя предотвращать перечисленные неблагоприятные события

    Characterization of PCBs from computers and mobile phones, and the proposal of newly developed materials for substitution of gold, lead and arsenic

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    In this paper, we have analyzed parts of printed circuit board (PCB) and liquid crystal display (LCD) screens of mobile phones and computers, quantitative and qualitative chemical compositions of individual components, and complete PCBs were determined. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) methods were used to determine the temperatures of phase transformations, whereas qualitative and quantitative compositions of the samples were determined by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)-energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) analyses. The microstructure of samples was studied by optical microscopy. Based on results of the analysis, a procedure for recycling PCBs is proposed. The emphasis was on the effects that can be achieved in the recycling process by extraction of some parts before the melting process. In addition, newly developed materials can be an adequate substitute for some of the dangerous and harmful materials, such as lead and arsenic are proposed, which is in accordance with the European Union (EU) Restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances (RoHS) directive as well as some alternative materials for use in the electronics industry instead of gold and gold alloys

    Joining of Silver Nanomaterials at Low Temperatures: Processes, Properties, and Applications

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    Application of Nanoparticles in Manufacturing

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