Project risk management for community-based post-disaster housing reconstruction project

Indonesia is a highly disaster prone country, particularly to earthquakes. In the last decade, Indonesia has been hit by three large earthquakes; Aceh in December 2004, Yogyakarta in May 2006, and West Sumatra in September 2009. These earthquakes have created considerable losses to Indonesian communities, lead to 130,000 fatalities, US$10.3 billions economic losses, and 500,000 of heavily damaged houses. The massive housing reconstruction has been found to be the most problematic sector of housing reconstruction programme. Although community-based post-disaster housing reconstruction project (CPHRP) has been implemented, nevertheless the outcome was still overshadowed by the delay in delivery, cost escalation, unexpected quality, and community dissatisfaction. The implementation of good practice of project risk management in construction industry is expected to enhance the success of CPHRP. Accordingly, this study aims to develop a risk management model for community-based post-disaster housing reconstruction approach. In order to achieve the aim and objective of the research, multiple case studies is selected as research strategies. This study implements the sequential mixed method application, started with semi-structure interview and followed by questionnaire survey as the primary method. Content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data, whilst descriptive and inferential statistics were deployed to analyse quantitative data. This study reveals the importance of the understanding on community-based approach in post-disaster housing reconstruction. Four highly significant advantages of CPHRP have been discovered, with ‘create sense of ownership’ of beneficiaries to the project as the most significant advantage. It was also found that the psychological advantage of CPHRP is more dominant compare to the construction advantage. Further, the risk assessment has discovered some high risk events during the pre-construction stage of CPHRP. The most affected project objective by them is project time completion. Risk response document has also been proposed. Moreover, this study found twelve critical success factors (CSFs) of CPHRP, with the highest CSFs is ‘transparency and accountability’. With careful attention on the above findings, it is expected the success of the implementation of CPHRP can be increase

Risk Assessment on Community-Based Post-Disaster Housing Reconstruction Project

Risk management method has been acknowledged to be an important factor to achieve the project objectives in the construction industry. However, its implementation on community-based post-disaster housing reconstruction is hardly found. Accordingly, the objective of this paper is to assess high risk events that affect time completion of community-based post-disaster housing reconstruction project (CPHRP). Three most recent and most severe areas affected by earthquake and tsunami in Indonesia were chosen as case study locations: Aceh (2004), Yogyakarta (2006) and West Sumatra (2009). Questionnaire survey was selected as data collection method and emailed to respondents to assess the probability of occurrence of particular event and its impact on time completion. The response rate was considered as very satisfactory (79%) with sixty five questionnaires were categorized as valid. Result shows that twenty events can be categorised as high risk and are mostly originated from government

Review of reconstruction efforts in Sri Lanka: Post-tsunami phase

This paper reviews the reconstruction efforts in Sri Lanka to ascertain the efficiency of post-disaster reconstruction through identifying the barriers. Even though the immediate humanitarian relief found to be more effective, long-term reconstruction was ineffective due to lack of funding, lack of knowledge to support local community, institutional constraints, and absence of coordinated management. It suggests that the reliance upon the knowledge, skills, capacities and resources of local people together with effective planning can lead the reconstruction process towards the success

Post conflict housing reconstruction: housing needs and expectations of conflict affected communities

Post conflict housing reconstruction plays an important role in establishing the country’s development and prospect of peace. Despite this importance, it was identified that there are inconsistencies between the provision of built housing and the needs of the users. Therefore many post conflict housing reconstruction projects lead to dissatisfaction on the part of residents and remodelling by themselves or rejection and abandonment. Hence it is important and necessary to address conflict affected communities’ housing reconstruction needs in post conflict housing reconstruction. With regard to this, it is worthwhile to examine the concept of housing needs in general and to explore the housing needs of conflict affected communities. Therefore this paper aims to present a synthesis of housing needs literature relevant to usual and post conflict contexts. In relevance to housing needs in general, housing preferences in a market context and adequate housing measures were identified. Following this, housing needs of conflict affected communities were identified. In a market context, housing needs were exhibited in terms of the subjective preferences of households. Adequate housing was recognized as part of the right to an adequate standard of living in the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights and in the 1966 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Hence adequate housing measures identified certain aspects of housing that must be taken into account for this purpose in any particular context. Whilst most housing considerations of conflict affected communities were similar to adequate housing measures, conflict affected communities gave greater importance to their social, cultural and religious values in post conflict housing reconstruction. In addition they considered the aspects of safety and security as being vital, and various perceptions of these communities in relation to housing reconstruction and post occupancy evaluation were important in post conflict housing reconstruction. Nevertheless, no relevant data on special housing needs of disadvantaged groups in post conflict environments were found

Knowledge management for disaster resilience: Identification of key success factors

The number of reported disasters has increased steadily over the past century and risen very sharply during the past decade. These bring about the loss of lives, property, employment and damage to the physical infrastructure and the environment. Disaster management efforts aim to reduce or avoid the potential losses from hazards, assure prompt and appropriate assistance to victims of disaster, and achieve rapid and effective recovery. While knowledge management can enhance the process of disaster management, there is a perceived gap in information coordination and sharing within the context of disaster management. Identifying key success factors will be an enabler to manage the disasters successfully. In this context, this study aims to identify and map key knowledge success factors for managing disasters successfully through capturing the good practices and lessons learned. The objective of this paper is to present the literature findings on factors which support successful disaster management. Accordingly the identified factors were classified into eight main categories as technological, social, legal, environmental, economical, functional, institutional and political

Disaster knowledge factors: benefits and challenges

Disasters bring about the loss of lives, property, employment and damage to the physical infrastructure and the environment. The number of reported disasters has increased steadily over the past century and risen very sharply during the past decade. While knowledge management can enhance the process of disaster management, there is a perceived gap in information coordination and sharing within the context of disaster management. Identification of key disaster knowledge factors will be an enabler to manage disasters successfully. This study aims to identify and map key disaster knowledge success factors in managing disasters successfully through capturing good practices and lessons learned. A list of disaster knowledge factors was first identified through a comprehensive literature review, covering the whole disaster management cycle. Based on these literature findings, semi-structured interviews were conducted among few disaster management practitioners to explore the influence and lacking areas relating to these factors in managing disasters. The objective of this paper is to present the interview findings on benefits and challenges related to the disaster knowledge factors. A comprehensive list of benefits and challenges of disaster knowledge factors in managing disasters is identified