EVALUATION OF EXPRESSION OF 4 MIRNAS IN CYTOLOGICAL SAMPLES AS AN ADDITIONAL METHOD OF CERVICAL CANCER DIAGNOSIS

Introduction. Cervical cancer is the 4th most common cancer among women. The main screening method for cervical cancer is cytological examination of the cervical epithelium. This method allows to evaluate the level of cervical dysplasia (malignant potential) but it has several limitations and flaws. Development and implementation of new methods of molecular and genetic analysis in clinical practice can increase informational value of the traditional cytological examination and therefore objectivity in choosing treatment options.Objective is to develop and verify a new method of differential diagnosis of severe intraepithelial dysplasia and invasive cervical cancer.Materials and methods. The method is based on analysis of small non-coding RNA molecules (miRNAs) extracted from the material of traditional Pap smears. Based on literature search, 18 “marker” microRNA molecules were chosen and their expression levels were estimated in 166 samples of Pap smears from cervical canals with different cytological diagnoses. The analysis was performed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.Results. Estimation of ratios between expression levels of miRNA pairs: 126/375; 20а/375; 126/145 allows to differentiate with high confidence borderline states of severe intraepithelial dysplasia and invasive cervical carcinoma (coefficients of quantitative interpretation of the error curve were 0.8, 0.75, 0.72, respectively).Conclusions. Analysis of miRNAs in Pap smear samples is a promising additional method of cervical cancer diagnosis. The method is objective and can be proposed as a supporting technique in cases when cytological examination doesn’t allow to differentiate between borderline pathological states of the cervical epithelium. Implementation of the method in clinical practice requires methodological optimization and additional validation using more clinical material

PUBLIC ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE PEACEFUL NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS CONDUCTED IN THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA)

The paper contains a brief summary on radiation situation in the region of the peaceful nuclear explosions (PNE) «Crystal» and «Kraton-3» as well as original assessments of public attitude towards the PNEs and the countermeasures that had been done at the sites of these explosions in the past. Results of the public-opinion poll, which has been conducted in the settlements of Aikhal, Udachny, Malgajar, Zharkhan and Malykhay in 2010, are presented. For the data collection, specially designed anonymous questionnaire was used. Totally 144 adult respondents participated in the survey. About 19% of the respondents had visited the sites of PNE with different aims and in different periods. The majority (70-80%) of the respondents believes that the PNEs, which were carried out in Yakutia in the last century, are the main source of radioactive contamination in the area of their settlements. Only a half of the respondents consider that some countermeasures have been applied at the sites of these PNEs

CLINICAL EFFICACY OF THE DRUG STRUCTUM IN OSTEOARTHRITIS THERAPY (results of multicenlral clinical study in Russia)

Objective. Study of the efficacy and tolerability of Structum in pts with gonarthritis and coxarthritis during 6 months therapy. Material. Open multicentral study included off -patients of both sexes with osteoarthritis (ОЛ) of knee and hip joints with obvious pain syndrome - pain in walking 30 mm and more on visual analog scale, functional Lesquene index more or equal to 4 and less or equal toll, regular NSAIDs taking for 30 days for the last 3 months, radiological I-II-III OA stage according Kellgren-Lawrence and consent of the patient for the study. Total number of pts included was 555 and 192 out of them were experimental group and 363 - controls. Pts from experimental group had Structum - three capsules in the morning and 3 capsules in the evening during meals (one capsule - 250 mg) for 3 weeks, then 2 capsules in the morning and 2 in the evening for 21 weeks. Clinical examination of pts was done after the third and sixth month of the treatment. Results. During Structum therapy reliable lessening of pain syndrome in knee and hip joints, improvement of articular function, decrease of NSAIDs dosage or their full cancellation were demonstrated. It was noticed that the assessment of clinical Structum efficacy and tolerability bu physician and patient coincided. Conclusion. Structum (chondroitin sulfate) is a new effective drug for treatment of osteoarthritis of knee and hip joints with high clinical efficacy and good tolerabilit

МНЕНИЕ МЕСТНЫХ ЖИТЕЛЕЙ О ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯХ МИРНЫХ ЯДЕРНЫХ ВЗРЫВОВ, ПРОВЕДЕННЫХ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ РЕСПУБЛИКИ САХА (ЯКУТИЯ)

The paper contains a brief summary on radiation situation in the region of the peaceful nuclear explosions (PNE) «Crystal» and «Kraton-3» as well as original assessments of public attitude towards the PNEs and the countermeasures that had been done at the sites of these explosions in the past. Results of the public-opinion poll, which has been conducted in the settlements of Aikhal, Udachny, Malgajar, Zharkhan and Malykhay in 2010, are presented. For the data collection, specially designed anonymous questionnaire was used. Totally 144 adult respondents participated in the survey. About 19% of the respondents had visited the sites of PNE with different aims and in different periods. The majority (70-80%) of the respondents believes that the PNEs, which were carried out in Yakutia in the last century, are the main source of radioactive contamination in the area of their settlements. Only a half of the respondents consider that some countermeasures have been applied at the sites of these PNEs.В статье анализируется отношение населения, проживающего в районе проведения мирных ядерных взрывов «Кристалл» и «Кратон-3» в Республике Саха (Якутия), к последствиям этих взрывов, а также к выполнению защитных и реабилитационных мероприятий на этих объектах. Анализ общественного мнения основан на собственных данных, полученных методом анонимного анкетированного опроса населения, проживающего в поселке городского типа Айхал и г. Удачный, а также в отдаленных селах (Мальжагар, Жархан и Малыхай). Опрос проводился в 2010 г. Субъективная оценка радиационной обстановки на территории проживания сопоставляется с объективными данными, полученными в результате радиационно-гигиенического обследования (2001-2002 гг.) мест проведения взрывов «Кристалл» и «Кратон-3» и ареалов близлежащих и отдаленных населенных пунктов

GAMMA-400 space observatory

A new important step in high-energy gamma-ray astronomy has been made with the beginning of Fermi LAT observations. But, as usual, a lot of new problems arise, in particular, the number of unidentified discrete gamma-ray sources is about 40%. To solve them it is necessary to improve the angular resolution up to 0.01°, the energy resolution up to 1%, and to extend the observable energy range to 3000 GeV. A new generation instrument, the GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope, will correspond to these requirements. The instrument will be also equipped with transition radiation detector and neutron detector to measure electron and positron fluxes more reliably. The GAMMA-400 launch is planned in 2016-2017