Estimation method for emission of road transport

The sustainable development is a development, where the pace of technical development, the satiation of increasing supply and the raw materials and resources of Earth are poised so that the rate of living and opportunities of the next generations must not to be worse. Transportation cannot be replaced because it is part of the production chain. Societies are horizontally and vertically differential. The manpower, the stock, the semi finished and finished products must be transported. One of the most emphasized goals of the transport policy of the European Union is sustainable mobility. For this reason transportation systems must be developed and standardized, the effectiveness of transportation service must be increased, while the environmental pollution must be decreased or prevented. There are no harmonized guidelines for project assessment and transport costing at EU level yet. A critical issue when comparing appraisal practices across countries is to make sure the same definitions are being used. Theoretically, all benefits and costs should be accounted for in the cost-benefit analysis. In practice though, many effects are left out

Tools of market oriented rail restructuring with special regard to improving management information systems

The results of long term transform performance and market share analyses show that the role of railway transport has significantly decreased int he past 25 years. This was caused by the structural and behavioural changes int he economy and the inflexible operation of railway companies. According to the results of comparative analyses the observed development tendencies are differentiated by the technology level and operation circumstances of railways

Noise annoyance and willingness to pay of inhabitants exposed to transport noise

During the process of European integration the question arose how a standard could be created to assess qualitative and quantitative effects deriving from the development of transport infrastructures. The issue gets an even higher emphasis in case of valuation the development of large projects which impact several countries. The main aim of the research was to determine how much people are bothered, disturbed or annoyed by noise, and then to establish a correlation between this and their willingness to pay, and the absolute noise levels. This paper summarizes the survey and its results. Noise influences people´s well being and standard of living. It is the only environmental pollution where it is not a polluting material that effects the body adversely - as it is in the case of air or water pollution -, but the danger is created by an energy overdose reaching the sensory and data processing organs. Here we talk about nervous processes and this characteristic distinguishes noise pollution from all the other contaminating factors. It has also got to be mentioned that perceiving noise is very subjective. The reaction of people is largely predetermined by how they relate to the noise source. Noise annoyance can be determined by socio-acoustical studies. The essence of these is that they do not only take into account decibel levels, but attach so called annoyance levels to the given sound pressure levels

Budapest - on the way to join the IDIOMA project

As traffic volume increases continuously, problems appearing in this field need new kind of solutions. Old freight operation methods are often not satisfactory to the needs of new demands. This paper will show the opportunity for the capital Budapest to join the EU project in the fields of city-logistics: `Innovative Distribution with Intermodal Freight Operation in Metropolitan Areas (IDIOMA)´. Summarising the objectives and the general project scope will help to find connection points to the current shape of freight transport in Budapest. Providing, analysing important data, and specifying the stressed fields for logistic operations the paper finishes with the already reached steps of the project assessment contribution

PROBLEMS AND ISSUES OF DEFINING USER CHARGES FOR RAILWAY INFRASTRUCTURE

The EU Directives accepted in the 90s determined the opening of the Rail Market and the constitutional separation of the European railways (railway operator, infrastructure manager). This article specifies the methodological issues of the Hungarian charge system, demonstrates the European and national practice of the determination of the user charges for railway infrastructure and intends to show the tasks, which have to be done in the near future

Implementing ETC system on the Hungarian motorway network

Question of transport infrastructure charges - among others- covers calculation and allocation of infrastructure costsreferring different users. Cost allocation forms the basis of settingthe user charges. The reason for the existence of applyingmileage-proportional pricing system is generally accepted, asthe European regulations also discuss this topic seriously. Thismileage-proportional pricing system demands an appropriatetoll collecting system, which meets the requirements of arrangedprinciples. Among these, the most important principlesare equity, effectiveness and efficiency. Electronic Toll Collecting(ETC) systems are an appropriate solution to solvingcharging problems in various ways according to the differentkind of systems. In Hungary the current motorway charging systemis not an adequate solution for success of these principlesin the long-term. A new, mileage-proportional pricing system isbeing initiated. This study presents the plans of HungarianETC system for motorway network, focusing on introductoryissues. Among several preparatory steps, examining acceptabilitybarriers of ETC system for the stakeholders of transport isneeded. Their problem perception is to satisfy their- often contrary-demands in equal, fair and effective ways. The policy implementationprocess also plays an important role to generatesufficient conditions to implement this solution. This contributionis to discuss these objectives in applying the ETC system inan acceptable way

TECHNOLOGY FORESIGHT ON TRANSPORT

The study compiled by the chairman and the secretary of HTFP panel 'Transport' sum- marises the main aims, tasks and results of research on transport future analysis. It describes the characteristics and methodology of HTFP - based on scenario building, pro- fessional workshops and a large-scale Delphi survey - generally, and evaluates the concrete research methods and results of the panel 'Transport' in detail. The research results up to now are the panel guidelines, the panel images and the Delphi statements on transport. As further tasks can be mentioned scenario building based on the panel images, holding professional meetings to discuss possible future development ways, and writing a panel report summarising the results and giving recommendations for the transport policy

Dynamic model of urban controlling based on artifical intelligent methods

To effectuate a consistent methodology for urban planning - taking into consideration the viewpoints of land use and transportation - we need to approach the subject with considering complex social and economical aspects. To handle both of the mentioned urban planning areas together, we shall develop models, which are able to pay attention to all of their restrictive factors within the temporal properties as well