50 research outputs found

    EXTENDED ENTERPRISE AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS GOVERNANCE IN AN INTER-ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXT

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    Flexibility, openness, and cooperation are fundamental tendencies that positively mark the ensemble of private and public sector organizations. For a sustainable development in a more and more complex globalized and competitive business environment, the ee-business, extended enterprise, inter-enterprise cooperative information systems, workflow, corporate governance, IS governance

    Reliability in Distributed Software Applications

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    Reliability is of vital importance for distributed software application and should be ensured in all stages of the development cycle. Ensuring a high level of reliability for distributed software applications leads to competitive applications which increase the level of user satisfaction. The aim of this paper is to present techniques and methods which ensure high level of reliability. A model for estimating the reliability through risk assessment is presented. Distributed software applications are composed of multiple components spread across multiple heterogeneous platforms and partial failures are inherent. To ensure high reliability is very important that the input data for distributed application components are correct and complete.Distributed Applications, Reliability Model, Risk Assessment, Data Acquisition

    MK-801 Impairs Cognitive Coordination on a Rotating Arena (Carousel) and Contextual Specificity of Hippocampal Immediate-Early Gene Expression in a Rat Model of Psychosis

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    Flexible behavior in dynamic, real-world environments requires more than static spatial learning and memory. Discordant and unstable cues must be organized in coherent subsets to give rise to meaningful spatial representations. We model this form of cognitive coordination on a rotating arena – Carousel where arena- and room-bound spatial cues are dissociated. Hippocampal neuronal ensemble activity can repeatedly switch between multiple representations of such an environment. Injection of tetrodotoxin into one hippocampus prevents cognitive coordination during avoidance of a stationary room-defined place on the Carousel and increases coactivity of previously unrelated neurons in the uninjected hippocampus. Place avoidance on the Carousel is impaired after systemic administration of non-competitive NMDAr blockers (MK-801) used to model schizophrenia in animals and people. We tested if this effect is due to cognitive disorganization or other effect of NMDAr antagonism such as hyperlocomotion, spatial memory impairment, or general learning deficit. We also examined if the same dose of MK-801 alters patterns of immediate-early gene (IEG) expression in the hippocampus. IEG expression is triggered in neuronal nuclei in a context-specific manner after behavioral exploration and it is used to map activity in neuronal populations. IEG expression is critical for maintenance of synaptic plasticity and memory consolidation. We show that the same dose of MK-801 that impairs spatial coordination of rats on the Carousel also eliminates contextual specificity of IEG expression in hippocampal CA1 ensembles. This effect is due to increased similarity between ensembles activated in different environments, consistent with the idea that it is caused by increased coactivity between neurons, which did not previously fire together. Our data support the proposition of the Hypersynchrony theory that cognitive disorganization in psychosis is due to increased coactivity between unrelated neurons
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