THE BRYOPHYTE DIVERSITY OF CENTRAL PARK (ARCHBISHOP’S GARDEN) OF EGER TOWN (HUNGARY)

The objective of the present work was the evaluation of the bryophyte diversity of the central park of Eger town. Altogether 59 taxa (4 liverworts and 55 mosses) were recorded. Nearly half of the identified species (49%) belong to three families: Orthotrichaceae, Pottiaceae, and Brachytheciaceae. Brachythecium glareosum, Cirriphyllum piliferum, Eucladium verticillatum, Orthotrichum obtusifolium and Orthotrichum pumilum are rated near threatened (NT) according to the Hungarian Red List. Some of the taxa found in Eger were not known from other central east european urban parks (Ctenidium molluscum, Hygroamblystegium tenax, Pohlia melanodon, Cirriphyllum crassinervium, Hypnum cupressiforme var. lacunosum, Orthotrichum stramineum and Orthotrichum striatum). There are remarkable differences between central park of Eger and other Central and Eastern European parks regarding species composition and the percentage of species in each of the life strategy categories

Scratchpad memória analízise, optimalizálása és sratchpad-et használó alkalmazások platform függetlenítése forráskód szintű transzformációkkal

A dolgozat bevezetésként bemutatja a számítógépek memória architektúrájának általános felépítését, az egyes részek előnyeit, illetve hátrányait és a scratchpad memória elhelyezkedését a hierarchiában. A téma fő része, a scratchpad memória automatikus, illetve még inkább a manuális programozhatósága, illetve a már meglévő forráskódok transzformációja, az optimálsi scratchpad kihasználása érdekében

The bryophyte diversity of Central Park (Archbishop’s Garden) of Eger town (Hungary)

The objective of the present work was the evaluation of the bryophyte diversity of the central park of Eger town. Altogether 59 taxa (4 liverworts and 55 mosses) were recorded. Nearly half of the identified species (49%) belong to three families: Orthotrichaceae, Pottiaceae, and Brachytheciaceae. Brachythecium glareosum, Cirriphyllum piliferum, Eucladium verticillatum, Orthotrichum obtusifolium and Orthotrichum pumilum are rated near threatened (NT) according to the Hungarian Red List. Some of the taxa found in Eger were not known from other central east european urban parks (Ctenidium molluscum, Hygroamblystegium tenax, Pohlia melanodon, Cirriphyllum crassinervium, Hypnum cupressiforme var. lacunosum, Orthotrichum stramineum and Orthotrichum striatum). There are remarkable differences between central park of Eger and other Central and Eastern European parks regarding species composition and the percentage of species in each of the life strategy categories

Mohaadatok a gödöllői városi köztemetőből = Preliminary Results of Bryofloristical Investigation in Cemetery of Gödöllő Town

Jelen munka egy hosszabb távú, bryoflorisztikai kutatás kezdeti eredményeit közli Gödöllő város köztemetőjéből. A kutatási területen a terepi gyűjtéseket 2020. július és augusztus hónapokban végeztük el. A temető területéről eddig 28 taxon került meghatározásra, melyek között 1 májmoha és 27 lombosmoha szerepel. Az azonosított fajok többsége hazai viszonylatban gyakori és közönséges. Természetvédelmi szempontból figyelmet érdemlő fajok a Brachythecium albicans és a Syntrichia virescens, illetve veszélyeztetettség közeli státuszú a Brachythecium glareosum, a Nyholmiella obtusifolia és a Pseudocrossidium revolutum lombosmohák. ----- Present paper describes the preliminary result of bryofloristical investigation in the cemetery of the Hungarian town. The study was started in July of 2020, altogether 28 bryophyte taxa (1 liverworts and 27 mosses) were identified from the cemetery. Most detected bryophytes are common in Hungary. Notable species from the territory: Brachythecium albicans, Brachythecium glareosum, Nyholmiella obtusifolia, Pseudocrossidium revolutum, Syntrichia virescens

Mohaadatok a gödöllői városi köztemetőből

Jelen munka egy hosszabb távú, bryoflorisztikai kutatás kezdeti eredményeit közli Gödöllő város köztemetőjéből. A kutatási területen a terepi gyűjtéseket 2020. július és augusztus hónapokban végeztük el. A temető területéről eddig 28 taxon került meghatározásra, melyek között 1 májmoha és 27 lombosmoha szerepel. Az azonosított fajok többsége hazai viszonylatban gyakori és közönséges. Természetvédelmi szempontból figyelmet érdemlő fajok a Brachythecium albicans és a Syntrichia virescens, illetve veszélyeztetettség közeli státuszú a Brachythecium glareosum, a Nyholmiella obtusifolia és a Pseudocrossidium revolutum lombosmohák. ----- Present paper describes the preliminary result of bryofloristical investigation in the cemetery of the Hungarian town. The study was started in July of 2020, altogether 28 bryophyte taxa (1 liverworts and 27 mosses) were identified from the cemetery. Most detected bryophytes are common in Hungary. Notable species from the territory: Brachythecium albicans, Brachythecium glareosum, Nyholmiella obtusifolia, Pseudocrossidium revolutum, Syntrichia virescens

Effect of Eccentric Exercise on Metabolic Health in Diabetes and Obesity

There is a growing body of evidence showing the importance of physical activity against civilization-induced metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and obesity. Eccentric contraction, when skeletal muscles generate force by lengthening, is a unique type of skeletal muscle activity. Eccentric contraction may lead to better power production characteristics of the muscle because eccentric contraction requires less energy and can result in higher tension. Therefore, it is an ideal tool in the rehabilitation program of patients. However, the complex metabolic effect (i.e., fat mass reduction, increased lipid oxidation, improvement in blood lipid profile, and increased insulin sensitivity) of the eccentric contraction alone has scarcely been investigated. This paper aims to review the current literature to provide information on whether eccentric contraction can influence metabolic health and body composition in T2DM or obesity. We also discussed the potential role of myokines in mediating the effects of eccentric exercise. A better understanding of the mechanism of eccentric training and particularly their participation in the regulation of metabolic diseases may widen their possible therapeutic use and, thereby, may support the fight against the leading global risks for mortality in the world

Metabolic syndrome influences cardiac gene expression pattern at the transcript level in male ZDF rats

Background: Metabolic syndrome (coexisting visceral obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension) is a prominent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, however, its effect on cardiac gene expression pattern is unclear. Therefore, we examined the possible alterations in cardiac gene expression pattern in male Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats, a model of metabolic syndrome. Methods: Fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, cholesterol and triglyceride levels were measured at 6, 16, and 25 wk of age in male ZDF and lean control rats. Oral glucose tolerance test was performed at 16 and 25 wk of age. At week 25, total RNA was isolated from the myocardium and assayed by rat oligonucleotide microarray for 14921 genes. Expression of selected genes was confirmed by qRT-PCR. Results: Fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significantly increased, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were impaired in ZDF rats compared to leans. In hearts of ZDF rats, 36 genes showed significant up-regulation and 49 genes showed down-regulation as compared to lean controls. Genes with significantly altered expression in the heart due to metabolic syndrome includes functional clusters of metabolism (e.g. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A synthase 2; argininosuccinate synthetase; 2-amino-3ketobutyrate-coenzyme A ligase), structural proteins (e.g. myosin IXA; aggrecan1), signal transduction (e. g. activating transcription factor 3; phospholipase A2; insulin responsive sequence DNA binding protein-1) stress response (e.g. heat shock 70kD protein 1A; heat shock protein 60; glutathione S-transferase Yc2 subunit), ion channels and receptors (e.g. ATPase, (Na+)/K+ transporting, beta 4 polypeptide; ATPase, H+/K+ transporting, nongastric, alpha polypeptide). Moreover some other genes with no definite functional clusters were also changed such as e. g. S100 calcium binding protein A3; ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1; interleukin 18. Gene ontology analysis revealed several significantly enriched functional inter-relationships between genes influenced by metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome significantly alters cardiac gene expression profile which may be involved in development of cardiac pathologies in the presence of metabolic syndrome

Effect of a multivitamin preparation supplemented with phytosterol on serum lipids and infarct size in rats fed with normal and high cholesterol diet

BACKGROUND: Although complex multivitamin products are widely used as dietary supplements to maintain health or as special medical food in certain diseases, the effects of these products were not investigated in hyperlipidemia which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, here we investigated if a preparation developed for human use containing different vitamins, minerals and trace elements enriched with phytosterol (VMTP) affects the severity of experimental hyperlipidemia as well as myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were fed a normal or cholesterol-enriched (2% cholesterol + 0.25% cholate) diet for 12 weeks to induce hyperlipidemia. From week 8, rats in both groups were fed with a VMTP preparation or placebo for 4 weeks. Serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels were measured at week 0, 8 and 12. At week 12, hearts were isolated, perfused according to Langendorff and subjected to a 30-min coronary occlusion followed by 120 min reperfusion to measure infarct size. RESULTS: At week 8, cholesterol-fed rats showed significantly higher serum cholesterol level as compared to normal animals, however, serum triglyceride level did not change. VMTP treatment significantly decreased serum cholesterol level in the hyperlipidemic group by week 12 without affecting triglyceride levels. However, VMTP did not show beneficial effect on infarct size. The inflammatory marker hs-CRP and the antioxidant uric acid were also not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first demonstration that treatment of hyperlipidemic subjects with a VMTP preparation reduces serum cholesterol, the major risk factor for cardiovascular disease; however, it does not provide cardioprotection