5,832 research outputs found
Changes in the Maori Income Distribution: Evidence from the Population Census
This paper uses census data to identify the main changes in the individual-level income distribution of working-aged Maori between 1991 and 2001, and to analyse the effects of changes in the distribution of socio-demographic attributes and labour market activity patterns on the Maori income distribution. There was substantial real income growth at most points in the income distribution, and particularly at points above the 30th percentile, but a decline in real incomes at the very lowest percentiles. The socio-demographic and labour market changes considered help to explain much of the income growth that was recorded at lower-middle to upper levels of income. However, they fail to account for the increase in the proportion of people with negative, nil, or very low incomes.Individual income distribution, Inequality, Maori
Understanding Changes in MĂąori Incomes and Income Inequality 1997-2003
This paper reports findings from a study of changes in MĂąori income levels and income dispersion between 1997 and 2003. Data from Statistics New Zealandâs Income Survey are used to describe and evaluate the main changes in the MĂąori income distribution in this period, which was marked by substantial increases in employment rates and improvements in the skill levels of working-aged MĂąori. A parallel analysis of the main changes in the European/PĂąkehĂą income distribution is provided for comparative purposes. The results show significant reductions in the proportion of MĂąori with no weekly income in the reference week, or incomes of 550 per week. Income inequality within the total working-aged MĂąori population declined, while income inequality among employed MĂąori was stable. An analysis of some of the key factors contributing to change in the income distribution suggests that the transition of many MĂąori into employment during this period was the single most important driver of change.Individual income distribution; Inequality; MĂąori; Kernel density estimation
Changes in the MĂąori Income Distribution: Evidence from the Population Census
This paper uses census data to identify the main changes in the individual-level income distribution of working-aged MĂąori between 1991 and 2001, and to analyse the effects of changes in the distribution of socio-demographic attributes and labour market activity patterns on the MĂąori income distribution. There was substantial real income growth at most points in the income distribution, and particularly at points above the 30th percentile, but a decline in real incomes at the very lowest percentiles. The socio-demographic and labour market changes considered help to explain much of the income growth that was recorded at lower- middle to upper levels of income. However, they fail to account for the increase in the proportion of people with negative, nil, or very low incomes.Individual income distribution, Inequality, MĂąori
Understanding Changes in Maori Incomes and Income Equality 1997-2003
This paper reports findings from a study of changes in Maori income levels and income dispersion between 1997 and 2003. Data from Statistics New Zealand's Income Survey are used to describe and evaluate the main changes in the Maori income distribution in this period, which was marked by substantial increases in employment rates and improvements in the skill levels of working-aged Maori. A parallel analysis of the main changes in the European/Pakeha income distribution is provided for comparative purposes. The results show significant reductions in the proportion of Maori with no weekly income in the reference week, or incomes of 550 per week. Income inequality within the total working-aged Maori population declined, while income inequality among employed Maori was stable. An analysis of some of the key factors contributing to change in the income distribution suggests that the transition of many Maori into employment during this period was the single most important driver of change.Individual income distribution; Inequality; Maori; Kernel density estimation
On a Service-Oriented Approach for an Engineering Knowledge Desktop
Increasingly, manufacturing companies are shifting their focus from selling products to providing services. As a result, when designing new products, engineers must increasingly consider the life cycle costs in addition to any design requirements. To identify possible areas of concern, designers are required to consult existing maintenance information from identical products. However, in a large engineering company, the amount of information available is significant and in wide range of formats. This paper presents a prototype knowledge desktop suitable for the design engineer. The Engineering Knowledge Desktop analyses and suggests relevant information from ontologically marked-up heterogeneous web resources. It is designed using a Service-Oriented Architecture, with an ontology to mediate between Web Services. It has been delivered to the user community for evaluation
Maori economic development - Glimpses from statistical sources
This draft book chapter provide an overview of Maori economic development during the past 150 years, drawing on readily available statistical and historical sources. The path of Maori economic development that we have traced through statistical evidence is one of ongoing change and adaptation, as well as one of substantial increase in material standards of living, albeit with periods of significant setback.Maori economic development
Grimoires: Grid Registry with Metadata Oriented Interface: Robustness, Efficiency, Security --- Work-in-Progress
Grid registries allow users to discover resources made available by Grid resource providers. In this paper, we present our on-going work on a next-generation registry, initially designed as part of the myGrid project and to be part of the OMII Grid software release. Specifically, we discuss the support of semantic service descriptions and task/user-specific metadata, along with related performance and security considerations
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