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Not AvailableProfitable FCV tobacco cultivation depends on availability of high yielding cultivars suitable to particular soil and climate as type, grade and quality of tobacco produced are considerably influenced by these two factors. Tobacco farmers of Southern Black Soils (SBS) of Andhra Pradesh are unable to achieve higher yields and better quality with the existing varieties as they are mostly bred for Northern Black Soils (NBS) conditions and not for SBS conditions. Making available high yielding varieties suitable to SBS conditions increases their profitability and thus improves their economic conditions. To address this issue a breeding programme was evolved at CTRI RS, Guntur with an objective to develop new high yielding FCV tobacco lines suitable for SBS area during the years 2003-2011. Forty five crosses synthesized using ten parents during 2003-04 were evaluated in SBS conditions (B. Nidamnur, Prakasham Dist.) in subsequent season to identify promising crosses. Four advanced lines viz., GH-9#1, GH-9#23, GH- 9#25 and GH-10#35 have been identified as they proved superior to check Siri under SBS conditions based on combined analysis of two seasons replicated yield trial data.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableOne hundred and thirty nine irrigation water samples collected from 65 chewing tobacco growing villages of Dindigul, Karur, Tirupur, Nagapattanam, Cuddalore and Erode districts of Tamil Nadu were analysed for pH, EC, calcium, magnesium, sodium, carbonates, bicarbonates and chlorides. From the data Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) and Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) values were computed and water quality classes were determined. The main source of irrigation in the chewing tobacco growing districts of Tamil Nadu is open wells/ bore wells. Irrigation water samples are alkaline in Dindigul, Karur, Tirupur and Cuddalore districts. In Nagapattanam, 39% of water samples tested were neutral and 61% were alkaline. In Erode district 53% samples were neutral and remaining 47% were alkaline. In Dindigul district, 19% samples for EC were in C2 category, 63% were in C3 category and 18% in C4 category. In Nagapatnam, Cuddalore and Erode district majority samples are in C3category. InKarur and Tirupur districts 100% waters samples were in C2 category. Chlorides in all the irrigation water samples irrespective of the district were high. In Dindigul district, SAR was low (<10) in 82%, medium in 13%, high in 3% and very high in 2% water samples. SAR was low in all the samples of Nagapattanam, Cuddalore, Karur,Tirupur and Erode districts. In Nagapattanam district, RSC was low in 89% samples and medium in 11% samples, while all the samples of Dindigul, Cuddalore, Erode, Tirupur and Karur districts were low in RSC. Majority of irrigation water samples in Dindigul district were in C3S1 water class followed by C2S1. Irrigation waters of Karur and Tirupur districts were in C2S1 category. Majority of water samples in Nagapatnam, Cuddalore and Erode districts were C3S1 category. Irrigation waters of Karur and Tirupur districts can be used safely for irrigation. In Dindigul, Erode, Cuddalore and Nagapatnam districts majority of water samples have EC in the range of 0.75 to 2.25 dS/m and SAR < 10, slight to moderate restrictions need to be imposed by reducing the quantum for irrigation water through scientific irrigation management approaches like drip irrigation to contain the salinity and chloride levels in soil for better management of chewing tobacco.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableOne hundred and thirty nine irrigation water samples collected from 65 chewing tobacco growing villages of Dindigul, Karur, Tirupur, Nagapattanam, Cuddalore and Erode districts of Tamil Nadu were analysed for pH, EC, calcium, magnesium, sodium, carbonates, bicarbonates and chlorides. From the data Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) and Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) values were computed and water quality classes were determined. The main source of irrigation in the chewing tobacco growing districts of Tamil Nadu is open wells/ bore wells. Irrigation water samples are alkaline in Dindigul, Karur, Tirupur and Cuddalore districts. In Nagapattanam, 39% of water samples tested were neutral and 61% were alkaline. In Erode district 53% samples were neutral and remaining 47% were alkaline. In Dindigul district, 19% samples for EC were in C2 category, 63% were in C3 category and 18% in C4 category. In Nagapatnam, Cuddalore and Erode district majority samples are in C3category. InKarur and Tirupur districts 100% waters samples were in C2 category. Chlorides in all the irrigation water samples irrespective of the district were high. In Dindigul district, SAR was low (<10) in 82%, medium in 13%, high in 3% and very high in 2% water samples. SAR was low in all the samples of Nagapattanam, Cuddalore, Karur,Tirupur and Erode districts. In Nagapattanam district, RSC was low in 89% samples and medium in 11% samples, while all the samples of Dindigul, Cuddalore, Erode, Tirupur and Karur districts were low in RSC. Majority of irrigation water samples in Dindigul district were in C3S1 water class followed by C2S1. Irrigation waters of Karur and Tirupur districts were in C2S1 category. Majority of water samples in Nagapatnam, Cuddalore and Erode districts were C3S1 category. Irrigation waters of Karur and Tirupur districts can be used safely for irrigation. In Dindigul, Erode, Cuddalore and Nagapatnam districts majority of water samples have EC in the range of 0.75 to 2.25 dS/m and SAR < 10, slight to moderate restrictions need to be imposed by reducing the quantum for irrigation water through scientific irrigation management approaches like drip irrigation to contain the salinity and chloride levels in soil for better management of chewing tobacco.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableOne hundred and thirty nine irrigation water samples collected from 65 chewing tobacco growing villages of Dindigul, Karur, Tirupur, Nagapattanam, Cuddalore and Erode districts of Tamil Nadu were analysed for pH, EC, calcium, magnesium, sodium, carbonates, bicarbonates and chlorides. From the data Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) and Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) values were computed and water quality classes were determined. The main source of irrigation in the chewing tobacco growing districts of Tamil Nadu is open wells/ bore wells. Irrigation water samples are alkaline in Dindigul, Karur, Tirupur and Cuddalore districts. In Nagapattanam, 39% of water samples tested were neutral and 61% were alkaline. In Erode district 53% samples were neutral and remaining 47% were alkaline. In Dindigul district, 19% samples for EC were in C2 category, 63% were in C3 category and 18% in C4 category. In Nagapatnam, Cuddalore and Erode district majority samples are in C3category. InKarur and Tirupur districts 100% waters samples were in C2 category. Chlorides in all the irrigation water samples irrespective of the district were high. In Dindigul district, SAR was low (<10) in 82%, medium in 13%, high in 3% and very high in 2% water samples. SAR was low in all the samples of Nagapattanam, Cuddalore, Karur,Tirupur and Erode districts. In Nagapattanam district, RSC was low in 89% samples and medium in 11% samples, while all the samples of Dindigul, Cuddalore, Erode, Tirupur and Karur districts were low in RSC. Majority of irrigation water samples in Dindigul district were in C3S1 water class followed by C2S1. Irrigation waters of Karur and Tirupur districts were in C2S1 category. Majority of water samples in Nagapatnam, Cuddalore and Erode districts were C3S1 category. Irrigation waters of Karur and Tirupur districts can be used safely for irrigation. In Dindigul, Erode, Cuddalore and Nagapatnam districts majority of water samples have EC in the range of 0.75 to 2.25 dS/m and SAR < 10, slight to moderate restrictions need to be imposed by reducing the quantum for irrigation water through scientific irrigation management approaches like drip irrigation to contain the salinity and chloride levels in soil for better management of chewing tobacco.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableProfitable FCV tobacco cultivation depends on availability of high yielding cultivars suitable to particular soil and climate as type, grade and quality of tobacco produced are considerably influenced by these two factors. Tobacco farmers of Southern Black Soils (SBS) of Andhra Pradesh are unable to achieve higher yields and better quality with the existing varieties as they are mostly bred for Northern Black Soils (NBS) conditions and not for SBS conditions. Making available high yielding varieties suitable to SBS conditions increases their profitability and thus improves their economic conditions. To address this issue a breeding programme was evolved at CTRI RS, Guntur with an objective to develop new high yielding FCV tobacco lines suitable for SBS area during the years 2003-2011. Forty five crosses synthesized using ten parents during 2003-04 were evaluated in SBS conditions (B. Nidamnur, Prakasham Dist.) in subsequent season to identify promising crosses. Four advanced lines viz., GH-9#1, GH-9#23, GH9#25 and GH-10#35 have been identified as they proved superior to check Siri under SBS conditions based on combined analysis of two seasons replicated yield trial data.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableDevelopment of hybrid varieties will be one of the approaches in crop improvement programme and in this direction eleven chewing tobacco hybrids developed utilizing the popular chewing tobacco cultivars were evaluated in a replicated trial along with Bhagyalakshmi, Vairam and Abirami as checks for two consecutive years (2005-07), revealed that seven hybrids recorded significantly higher whole leaf yields ranging from 2514 to 2977 kg/ha over the best check Bhagyalakshmi. Five hybrids viz., PV-7 x Abirami, VD-1 x Abirami, Vairam x Abirami, Abirami x KV-1 and ms Meenakshi x GT-6 recorded significantly higher total leaf yields ranging from 3590 to 3914 kg/ha compared to the best check Abirami with the standard heterosis ranging from 9.81 to 19.73%. Variability in respect of yield component attributes such as leaf length, leaf width, stem girth etc., were also significant. In the bulk evaluation of the five promising hybrids (VDH-1 to VDH-5) selected from the said trial during 2006-09 in the out station centers, the hybrid Abirami x KV-1 (VDH-3) uniformly performed well registering highest mean cured leaf yield of 3962 kg/ha with an increase of 13.3% against the best check Abirami. It has got good chewing and chemical quality characters, less susceptibility to TMV, leaf curl, black shank, caterpillar and aphid attack.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableChewing tobacco is a rabi crop of Tamil Nadu grown under irrigated conditions in about 12000 ha. The crop is widely grown in the districts of Dindigul, Erode, Coimbatore and Dharapuram. In tobacco, leaf being the economic produce, plant geometry and nitrogen plays a key role in first grade leaf production. Adopting proper spacing increases the leaf area and thickness of chewing tobacco thereby leaf yield. The advance breeding line HV 2000-6 recorded maximum total cured leaf yield and net returns at the spacing of 75 x 75 cm (Kumaresan et al., 2009a). The advance breeding line HV 98-16 required a N level of 75 kg/ha for higher total cured leaf yield (Kumaresan et al., 2009b). As the information on the suitable agronomic practices for producing higher first grade leaf is limited, the present study was taken up.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableChewing tobacco is a rabi crop of Tamil Nadu grown under irrigated conditions in about 12000 ha. The crop is widely grown in the districts of Dindigul, Erode, Coimbatore and Dharapuram. In tobacco, leaf being the economic produce, plant geometry and nitrogen plays a key role in first grade leaf production. Adopting proper spacing increases the leaf area and thickness of chewing tobacco thereby leaf yield. The advance breeding line HV 2000-6 recorded maximum total cured leaf yield and net returns at the spacing of 75 x 75 cm (Kumaresan et al., 2009a). The advance breeding line HV 98-16 required a N level of 75 kg/ha for higher total cured leaf yield (Kumaresan et al., 2009b). As the information on the suitable agronomic practices for producing higher first grade leaf is limited, the present study was taken up.Not Availabl