Organizational Mechanisms for Implementing Russia's Arctic Strategy in the 21st Century

The Arctic in the 21st century remains a popular topic in the natural-scientific, economic, socio-humanitarian, and political spheres. The relevance of studying the Arctic is determined by the fact that in recent decades, deep and irreversible transformations have taken place in this region, and a full under-standing of the causes and consequences of which for the economy and environmental management has not yet developed. As a result of climate change and globalization, there is a growing interest in the Arctic macro-region on the part of many foreign countries that developed strategies and programs for the development of national Arctic zones at the beginning of the XXI century. Against the background of global competition for resources and transport communications, it seems relevant to analyze the features of the development of Russia's state policy for managing the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation in the XXI century. The article analyzes the mechanisms of implementation of Russian state policy in the Arctic based on the strategic planning system and reveals the bottlenecks in the system of state management of the Arctic region. It is concluded that the core of Russia's policy in the Arctic is innovative modernization that can ensure sustainable socio-economic development, infrastructure development, rational use of natural resources, protection of local ecosystems and development of indigenous communities

Creation of development zones in the Arctic: methodology and practice

The article describes the basic principles and methodological bases of formation and development of the supporting areas of the Russian Arctic. The work emphasizes that the basis of the methodological approach in the formation of the supporting areas is a vector of development of the territory as an integral project on the principle of coordination of all "industrial" activities in the planning, goal-setting, financing and implementation, which will allow to reduce all kinds of costs and expenses, as well as all the projects included in the supporting areas should be aimed at the development of the macro-region as a whole, not just to solve individual tasks of the industry. The article underlines that the formation of the supporting areas is aimed at achieving a single global goal — to encourage efficiency and diversification of the economy of the Arctic zone, oriented to the preservation and development of the Northern Sea Route

Scenarios for the development of the Arctic region (2020–2035)

The importance of selecting the development of the Arctic seems to be relevant since rapid and irreversible changes are taking place there. Climate change and globalization are their prominent examples. A complex of factors has both positive and negative impacts on the use of natural resources and the positioning of states located not only within the Arctic but also outside it. The questions arise: what is the significance of these changes for geography, politics, and the management system? How should the comprehension of these processes be built? The relevance of the topic is enhanced by the fact that Russia has the most significant Arctic sector among the states with access to the Arctic Ocean. Therefore, our country has a leading role in working out strategies for the development of the Arctic. The comprehensive approach (considering the economic and political-geographical positions) is central in the article to analyze the directions of development of the Arctic territories. The method reveals the possibilities of sustainable development, which will provide Russia with strategic benefits within the Arctic and globally. The article discusses scenarios for the development of the Arctic, including the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, in the long-term perspective (until 2035). Substantiation of the long-term prospects for the development of the Arctic, despite Russian and foreign research, seems to be unrealistic due to lack of knowledge about the nature and consequences of climatic changes currently observed in this region and affecting global environmental management. The authors concluded that the priority directions of the Arctic development should be the ones based on positive and innovative trends

Особые режимы хозяйственной деятельности: перспективы применения в Арктической зоне Российской Федерации

Purpose: investigation of the possibility of applying special regimes of economic activity on the territory of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.Methods: the research methodology is based on methods of generalization, analogy, comparative and system analysis; the rules for assessing the effectiveness of the operation of special economic zones were used.Results: the expediency of applying special regimes of economic activity in the Arctic zone of Russia is considered. Mechanisms for establishing and operating such special economic regimes as special economic zones, territorial development zones, territories for outpacing socio-economic development, industrial parks, technoparks and clusters have been studied. The possibility of linking the supposed support zones of development in the Arctic with special modes of economic activity is considered.Conclusions and Relevance: the current trends in the social and economic development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, the need to diversify the region's economy and attract investment determine the appropriateness of using such economic regimes that will contribute to the achievement of the objectives of state policy in the Arctic, taking into account specific conditions for managing the macroregion.The study allows us to conclude that at present there is no clear separation between the indicated regimes. Their effectiveness and effectiveness is not directly dependent on the number of benefits provided.At the present time, any of the existing special regimes in our country can be established on the territory of the Arctic zone of Russia. The adoption of such a decision should be based on a strategic vision for the development of the whole circumpolar region and its individual territories, and also be accompanied by an assessment of the falling incomes, planned tax revenues and the volume of benefits provided within a particular regime of economic activity., Moscow, Russian FederationЦель: Исследование возможности применения особых режимов хозяйственной деятельности на территории Арктической зоны Российской Федерации.Методология проведения работы: Методология исследования базируется на методах обобщения, аналогии, сравнительного и системного анализа; использованы правила оценки эффективности функционирования особых экономических зон.Результаты работы: Рассмотрена целесообразность применения особых режимов хозяйственной деятельности в Арктической зоне России. Изучены механизмы установления и функционирования таких особых режимов хозяйствования как: особые экономические зоны, зоны территориального развития, территории опережающего социально-экономического развития, индустриальные и промышленные парки, технопарки и кластеры.Выводы: Сложившиеся тенденции социально-экономического развития Арктической зоны РФ, необходимость диверсификации экономики региона и привлечения инвестиций определяют целесообразность использования таких режимов хозяйственной деятельности, которые будут способствовать достижению целей государственной политики в Арктике, учитывая при этом специфические условия хозяйствования макрорегиона.Исследование позволяет сделать вывод, что в настоящее время четкого разделения между указанными режимами не прослеживается. Их эффективность и результативность не имеет прямой зависимости от количества предоставляемых льгот.В настоящее время на территории Арктической зоны России может быть установлен любой из существующих в нашей стране особых режимов. Принятие такого решения должно базироваться на стратегическом видении развития всего циркумполярного региона и его отдельных территорий, а также сопровождаться оценкой выпадающих доходов, планируемых налоговых поступлений и объемом предоставляемых льгот в рамках того или иного особого режима хозяйственной деятельности

Innovative development vector of the coastal areas of the Russian Arctic

The article examines the opportunities for further development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation on the basis of innovative standards and technology, as the whole system of state man-agement of innovation processes should be based on innovative strategy of the state in general and the region in particular, without which it is impossible to imagine a real, deep and lasting renewal of the economy and entire society