Some new nonparametric distribution-free control charts based on rank statistics

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH

Modified Kedem-Katchalsky equations for osmosis through nano-pore

This work presents a modified Kedem-Katchalsky equations for osmosis through nano-pore. osmotic reflection coefficient of a solute was found to be chiefly affected by the entrance of the pore while filtration reflection coefficient can be affected by both the entrance and the internal structure of the pore. Using an analytical method, we get the quantitative relationship between osmotic reflection coefficient and the molecule size. The model is verified by comparing the theoretical results with the reported experimental data of aquaporin osmosis. Our work is expected to pave the way for a better understanding of osmosis in bio-system and to give us new ideas in designing new membranes with better performance.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figure

Learning from Plants - A Biologically Inspired Multi-Cellular Approach towards Multi-Functional Adaptive Structure based on Fluidic Flexible Matrix Composite.

Plants have many attractive characteristics for developing multi-functional adaptive structures, such as high strength and toughness per unit density, self-healing and reconfiguration, and nastic motion with short response time and large deformation. The vision of this thesis research is to develop enabling knowledgebase and design methodologies to synthesize plant-inspired adaptive structures. More specifically, investigations will focus on achieving multiple mechanical functionalities concurrently, such as actuation, variable mechanical properties, and vibration control. To reach this vision, this thesis research adopts the concept of multi-cellular structure based on the fluidic flexible matrix composite (F2MC) cells. Because such concept offers a natural platform to incorporate design inspirations from plants into artificial adaptive structure study, both at the local level of individual cell development and at the global level of structure architectural design and synthesis. This thesis research identifies several critical issues related to the development of F2MC based cellular adaptive structure. It investigates the dynamic characteristics of a multi-cellular structure, where F2MC cells with different configurations are connected to each other not only mechanically but also fluidically. It discovers new dynamic functionalities that are not feasible in an individual cell, including vibration isolation and dynamic actuation with enhanced authority within a designated frequency band. It provides a list of unique architectural designs of the cellular structure based on rigorous mathematical principles, and compares their performance to gain design insights. Finally, it derives novel and comprehensive synthesis procedures that are capable of selecting appropriate design variables for the F2MC cells, so that the cellular structure can achieve multiple performance targets concurrently, such as desired variable stiffness, actuation authority, and spectral data. The plant inspired design principles, physical knowledgebase and synthesis methodologies developed from this thesis fully manifests the rich functionalities and design versatilities of the F2MC based multi-cellular structure. They could foster the adoption of such novel adaptive structure concept to advance the state of art of many engineering applications, including aviation and aerospace, soft robotics, and intelligent civil infrastructure. The biologically inspired, multiple-cell oriented approach towards developing adaptive structure could also create a paradigm shift in other related academic research.PhDMechanical EngineeringUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/107105/1/wilsonli_1.pd

Architected Origami Materials: How Folding Creates Sophisticated Mechanical Properties

Origami, the ancient Japanese art of paper folding, is not only an inspiring technique to create sophisticated shapes, but also a surprisingly powerful method to induce nonlinear mechanical properties. Over the last decade, advances in crease design, mechanics modeling, and scalable fabrication have fostered the rapid emergence of architected origami materials. These materials typically consist of folded origami sheets or modules with intricate 3D geometries, and feature many unique and desirable material properties like auxetics, tunable nonlinear stiffness, multistability, and impact absorption. Rich designs in origami offer great freedom to design the performance of such origami materials, and folding offers a unique opportunity to efficiently fabricate these materials at vastly different sizes. Here, recent studies on the different aspects of origami materialsâ geometric design, mechanics analysis, achieved properties, and fabrication techniquesâ are highlighted and the challenges ahead discussed. The synergies between these different aspects will continue to mature and flourish this promising field.Origami, the ancient art of paper folding, has become a framework of designing and constructing architected materials. These materials consist of folded sheets or modules with intricate geometries, and feature many unique and desirable mechanical properties. Recent progress in architected origami materials is highlighted, especially the foldingâ induced mechanics, and the challenges ahead are discussed.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/147779/1/adma201805282_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/147779/2/adma201805282.pd