Nuclear DNA and protein content evaluation in Taxus plant cell cultures using multiparameter flow cytometry

Plant cell cultures of Taxus provide the most reliable production methods for the anti-cancer drug paclitaxel. In order to comprehend the inherent culture heterogeneity and production variability in cell cultures, it is essential that the cellular metabolism is studied at the genomic level. Genomic stability in plant cell cultures is crucial as it affects cell growth and division, metabolite accumulation and protein synthesis. A rapid and efficient method to prepare nuclei suspensions from aggregated cell cultures of Taxus was employed. Methods were subsequently developed to simultaneously stain them for DNA and protein content using Propidium Iodide and Fluorescein Isothiocyanate respectively. Flow cytometry was used to analyze and quantify the DNA content and genome size of Taxus using known reference species as standards. Furthermore, their genomic stability was evaluated by correlating DNA content and genome size with cell size and complexity, protein content, and elicitation effects using multiparameter flow cytometry. These techniques to evaluate and correlate various culture characteristics can be very useful in designing superior bio processes for enhanced production.


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Making progress on the global crisis of obesity and weight management

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Heidegger's Historicisation of Aristotlean Being

This article examines Heidegger's early work concerned with establishing a fundamental ontology. Specifically, it examines Heidegger's interpretation and presentation of Aristotle's own ontological thought. Given Heidegger's predetermined assessment of being as historically determined, it is sought to show how that predetermined view influences Heidegger's presentation of Aristotle's metaphysical work. The wider implications of Heidegger's assertion that being human is irretrievably historical are also considered

Redrawing the Battle Lines in the War against Smut: Filterware in Public Libraries after Reno v. ACLU

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Understanding forces that influence role construction and enactment : a study of mid-level managers at Paradox University.

This study explores the forces that influence role construction and enactment through the experiences of two mid-level managers in student affairs at Paradox University, a large, public, research university. To guide this interpretive study of roles, Symbolic Interactionism was used. Qualitative methods of interview, observation and document review were used to gather data for this descriptive, exploratory study. The data revealed the complexity of the role-making, role-taking process and highlighted the internal and external forces that influence role shaping and enactment. Family and educational experiences, experience with management positions, and professional ambition were identified as among the internal forces that influence role construction. External forces were categorized as proximate and distant, and included perceived clarity of organizational mission, experiences with predecessors, and managerial expectations. Directions for further research and practice were suggested that would help contribute to a further understanding of higher education organizations, and the construction of managerial roles

The New Mexico Supreme Court, 1910-1970: Politics and the Legal Community

This study examines the history of the New Mexico State Supreme Court and its role within the political process. As a political account, it focuses on the election and appointment of judges on a partisan basis, judicial personnel and their partisan activities, attempts to manipulate the judiciary for political purposes, political controversies litigated and subsequently resolved by the court, and the legal community and its influence on the state\u27s judicial development. As a history, it proceeds chronologically, beginning with an exposition of the territorial precedent and of the establishment of the judiciary under the state constitution. The manuscript then recounts how the state bench and its justices responded in the years that followed to political realities current within the state. Considered separately are the primarily bar-initiated efforts to reform the partisan election method of judicial selection

Fast-food offerings in the United States in 1986, 1991, and 2016 show large increases in food variety, portion size, dietary energy, and selected micronutrients

BACKGROUND US national survey data shows fast food accounted for 11% of daily caloric intake in 2007-2010. OBJECTIVE To provide a detailed assessment of changes over time in fast-food menu offerings over 30 years, including food variety (number of items as a proxy), portion size, energy, energy density, and selected micronutrients (sodium, calcium, and iron as percent daily value [%DV]), and to compare changes over time across menu categories (entrées, sides, and desserts). DESIGN Fast-food entrées, sides, and dessert menu item data for 1986, 1991, and 2016 were compiled from primary and secondary sources for 10 popular fast-food restaurants. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Descriptive statistics were calculated. Linear mixed-effects analysis of variance was performed to examine changes over time by menu category. RESULTS From 1986 to 2016, the number of entrées, sides, and desserts for all restaurants combined increased by 226%. Portion sizes of entrées (13 g/decade) and desserts (24 g/decade), but not sides, increased significantly, and the energy (kilocalories) and sodium of items in all three menu categories increased significantly. Desserts showed the largest increase in energy (62 kcal/decade), and entrées had the largest increase in sodium (4.6% DV/decade). Calcium increased significantly in entrées (1.2%DV/decade) and to a greater extent in desserts (3.9% DV/decade), but not sides, and iron increased significantly only in desserts (1.4% DV/decade). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate broadly detrimental changes in fast-food restaurant offerings over a 30-year span including increasing variety, portion size, energy, and sodium content. Research is needed to identify effective strategies that may help consumers reduce energy intake from fast-food restaurants as part of measures to improve dietary-related health issues in the United States.Accepted manuscrip